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AN APPRECIATION OF MR. BERNARD SHAW

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just as if there could be honor without Gambling is founded partly on chance, but conscience. largely on deception. In the latter he is a

Mr. Shaw's untruths, half-truths, and few facts, clothed in words, are fired at the reader as brilliant epigrams that seem to carry with them the surface-marks of sincerity. To my mind, he is as great a charlatan as is any one of the doctors whom he "roasts."

Like the French philosophers of the eighteenth century who, under the guise of bringing about reform, tried to subvert every established institution, Mr. Shaw places his withering hand on all laws, customs, and professions.

Such a man, whether he be in politics, in law, in theology, in medicine or in literature, is dangerous. In politics, he would be a muckraker, a revolutionist or an anarchist; in law, he would be a pettifogger; in theology, a bigot; in medicine, a "quack"; and in literature, a fakir.

My appreciation of Mr. Bernard Shaw is this: that he is a versatile, unscrupulous, intentionally sensational, smart and unfair gambler.

He plays with words, phrases, thoughts, and sacred things with as little scruple as is shown by the card-shark who invites his friends into a poker game, deals the cards all good hands-but reserves four aces and a king for himself. Mr. Shaw's juggling with words, his half-true statements, his sensational assertions, his cynical sneering at all established rules and customs-all of these things, to my mind, are done for the sole purpose of bringing grist to his mill.

master.

However, we are giving this gentleman too much honor when we take him seriously. His books will not last.

By what right does Mr. Shaw presume to judge, to attack and to misrepresent the medical profession? Only those who are in and of that profession have the right to speak. To the initiated, medicine is a world within itself. It has its own history, its philosophy, its literature, its aims and aspirations, of which the world at large knows nothing.

It has its subsidiary arts and occupations, its organizations and institutions, its ranks and grades of honor, which belong to it alone. In ethics, traditions, and superstitions, it is older-far older-than the Christian Church. In use before the civil or the canonical law, it recognizes no arbitrary enactments. Nature is its only court of equity; and in her presence battles are fought and won, or fought and lost, such as no soldier and no lawyer ever witnessed.

Do you think that we shall permit a literary anarchist to cause us to forget its ever-living charities, its moving scenes of joy and of sadness, its many sunny aspects, its broadening, ennobling, and liberalizing influences which few beyond our own circle can properly appreciate, and no one so well understand as ourselves?

No not for such a man as Mr. Bernard Shaw.

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A Complicated Case of Typhoid Fever

How It Was Treated

By W. C. WOLVERTON, M. D., Fort Dodge, Iowa

HAVE just discharged, cured, a typhoidfever patient, in whose case the infection was so virulent and the complications and sequelae were so many and varied that I feel impelled to report, somewhat in detail, the case and the treatment pursued.

The patient in question was an American schoolgirl, 12 years of age. She was first seen February 9. Her temperature was then (9 a. m.) 103.5° F., the pulse was 114; face flushed; conjunctivæ injected; she had severe headache, backacke, and diarrhea. The girl stated that she had had diarrhea and headache and had felt "feverish" for a week or ten days, but had said nothing about it to her parents. Her father was convalescing from typhoid fever, and so a tentative diagnosis of the same disease was made in the case of the daughter.

The patient was given a preliminary dose of calomel, and a normal salt enema. Hexamethylenamine, 5 grains every three hours, was ordered, each tablet to be dissolved in at least one-half glass of water. An ice-cap was applied, for the relief of headache; also cool sponge-baths every two hours, when the temperature rose above 102 degrees. The diet was limited strictly to buttermilk.

Feb. 10. Morning temperature, 102.9° F.; pulse, 119. Rose-spots present on abdomen.

Feb. 11. Evening temperature, 104° F.; pulse 115. Typhoid vaccine, 100 million killed bacilli, was injected at the insertion of the left deltoid.

Feb. 12. Morning temperature, 103.4° F.; pulse 120; respiration 34. Evening temperature, 104.8° F.; pulse, 124; respiration, 34. While I was at the telephone summoning a nurse, the mother of the child came running down stairs with the information that the patient was "having a hemorrhage." Investigation showed that the blood, to the amount of a pint, had come from the urinary tract-not from the bowel. Before it was learned from whence the

blood had come, the foot of the bed had had been elevated and an ice-bag had been applied to the abdomen. Fearing that the hexamethylenamine was the cause of the hematuria, the use of this remedy was discontinued.

Feb. 13. Both morning and evening temperature was exactly the same as on Feb. 12. Urine contained much blood.

Feb. 14. Temperature, both morning and evening, 104.2° F. Patient delirious. Blood clots passed from the urinary tract. A 100-million dose of typhoid vaccine was given.

Feb. 15 to 20. Temperature gradually was falling, from 103.4° on the 16th to 100° F. on the morning of the 20th. There was marked cardiac weakness, with rapid, weak, irregular pulse, with a rate of 136 to 160 per minute. Digitalin, strychnine, and adrenalin, hypodermatically, had to be given frequently. The patient was very delirious; the ice-bag was constantly applied to the head. Hematuria was disappearing. A daily physiologic saline enema was given. Typhoid vaccine, 200 million on the 16th, and 300 million on the 19th, was administered subcutaneously.

Feb. 21 to 25. Temperature was ranging between 102° and 103.5° F. There was some pus in the urine, from cystitis; a slight amount of albumin; no casts; very little blood; urine contained bacilli typhosi, bacilli coli, and streptococci. There were administered, typhoid vaccine, 350 million, streptococci, 25 million; bacilli coli, 50 million; and staphylococci, 100 million, on the 21st; and typhoid vaccine, 500 million, on the 24th. After the last dose of vaccine, the temperature fell to 100° F., but soon rose to 102.6°; and then hung between 101 and 102 degrees.

Now bronchitis developed, and heroin and ammonium chloride were given. The use of the intestinal antiseptic tablet (the sulphocarbolates of zinc, calcium, and sodium) now was begun. It would have

A COMPLICATED【CASE OF TYPHOID FEVER

been given from the beginning, but was not obtainable.

Feb. 26 to Mar. 3. An abscess forming at the angle of the left scapula, the same was opened and dressed. Others, some twenty in number, soon appeared in the gluteal regions; these were pyemic abscesses, being deeply located. One large abscess made its appearance in the left mammary gland.

The temperature was falling gradually, reaching 99.2° F. on the morning of the 28th. On the morning of Sunday, Mar. 3, the temperature was 98.4 F., but, in the evening it jumped back to 102 degrees. The nurse noted that the patient did not straighten her legs and that she was becoming very sensitive to light and noise. An immense amount of pus now was discovered in the urine, being as much as half its volume, and it was evident that the infection now involved the kidney (pyelonephritis).

Arbutin was now given, at first in doses of 1 grain every three hours; later, as the urine cleared up, in smaller dosage. On the evening of Mar. 3, there was administered a dose of vaccine containing bacilli typhosi, 125 million; streptococci, 25 million, bacilli coli, 50 million; and staphylococci, 100 million.

Mar. 4 to 7. Marked symptoms of meningeal involvement were present; Kernig's sign was easily obtained; legs and thighs were drawn up close to the body; head was slightly retracted; there was nystagmus; the patient screamed when touched and became rigid when turned in the bed. Hyoscine, morphine and cactin became necessary to prevent convulsions. Street-cars slowed down and barely moved past the house. Veronal was given; also calcium sulphide, 1 grain every three hours, to saturation. Normal saline solution was continuously administered per rectum, by the drop-method.

The temperature climbed to 104°, then suddenly fell to 99.6°; then quickly again went back to 102° F. This was characteristic of profound sepsis, being very irregular in its rises and falls, remissions of 3 degrees within as many hours being common. There were frequent chills and sweats.

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Pulse went as high as 150; respiration-rate ran up to 48 per minute. At 2 a. m., on Mar. 7, when there was a temperature of 102° F., a dose of mixed vaccine, containing 25 million streptococci, 50 million bacilli coli, and 100 million staphylococci, was administered subcutaneously. At 4 a. m., the temperature had fallen to 98.2° F.

Mar. 8 to 10. Septic temperature and pulse continued. Meningeal symptoms were gradually disappearing. Temperature at noon, on Mar. 10, was 103.8° and at 10 p.m. it was 98.6° F. The mind was clear.

Mar. 11 to 13. Septic polyarthritis, involving knees and ankles, was manifested; the temperature running from 99° to 103° F. The inflamed joints were painted with methyl salicylate and wrapped in cotton. Vaccine containing streptococci, 30 million, and staphylococci, 100 million was given. Internally, aspirin was given, 5 grains every two hours. On the evening of Mar. 13, the temperature very suddenly fell from 102.6° to 97° F. From this time on the temperature practically continued normal, never going above 99.2 degrees.

On Mar. 30, phlebitis of the left femoral vein developed. The patient was kept quiet in bed, heat was applied, and calcium sulphide was given internally.

Today, April 12, the patient is able to sit up in a wheel-chair.

Since the meningeal symptoms disappeared, the patient has been getting the arsenates of iron, quinine, and strychnine. She has developed a tremendous appetite; her digestion is good; and she is "picking up" amazingly, in spite of her long illness.

I think, in fact I know, that this girl owes her life to active-principle treatment. Outside the hygienic, hydrotherapeutic, dietetic, and vaccine treatment, the remedies used were: digitalin, strychnine, adrenalin, heroin, phenolsulphonates of zinc, calcium and sodium, hyoscine, morphine and cactin, veronal, calcium sulphide, methyl salicylate, aspirin, arbutin, and the triple arsenates (of iron, quinine, and strychnine), administered as indicated by the clinical symptoms.

Not a "galenical" preparation was used in the case.

Sexual Immorality, and Its Significance

A Discussion of Its Physical and Psychic Causes

By ELIZABETH HAMILTON-MUNCIE, M. D., Ph. M., Brooklyn, N. Y. EDITORIAL NOTE.-This paper has been read by the author before the American Association of Orificial Surgeons, the World's Purity Congress, the New York State Homeopathic Society, and various other scientific and sociologic bodies. It considers a subject of vital interest to the race-one that the author handles in a masterly way. It will be completed in a succeeding issue.

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beautiful, she may be likened to a vast mausoleum under which lie the bodies of innumerable multitudes; a fitting symbol of our modern civilization-portentious and fair to look upon, dotted with churches, interposed with the sound of hymn and prayer, yet underneath a boneyard.

The great foundation fact of the social order is sex. From it emanates the best and the worst of human characteristics. Through conformity to sane sexual laws, is reached the happy ideal of human attainment. From the perversions of these same laws, deep-seated evils, with their gloomy hordes of end-products, are beyond estimation.

Virtue of the Home Versus the Nation

Former President Theodore Roosevelt has said: "The greatness of a nation lies, not in its army, its money, its possessions, but in its homes; for within its homes and by its mothers are the men of the nation made.' To this we give assent, except as to the mother alone making the men of the nation. This is a half-truth, and, therefore, dangerous in its result. Man has long enough, in poetry and in prose, robbed, and has been robbed of his rights to noble fatherhood; and it is high time for him to take his responsibilities, with their resulting joys and honors. Upon the virtue of the entire family-not of the wife and mother alone depends the virtue and integrity of the community, the state, the nation. Likewise, destruction and ruin of all that is good follows close upon the trail of vice. America, with her licensed prostitution, her "white-slave traffic," and her yearly increasing "venereal plague," must soon

act, or she must fall-as fell the wicked cities of Sodom and Gomorrah.

In reference to the white-slave traffic, the "Encyclopedia Britannica" says: "Though it may coexist with national vigor, its extravagant development is one of the signs of a rotten and decaying civilization -a phase which has always marked the decadence of great nations."

Human Society a Union, Every Individual a Member

Human society is an association for mutual usefulness, profit, and pleasure. It is a partnership: each member has a voice in its affairs; each member binds and influences by his acts those with whom he comes in contact.

Unlike every other partnership, however, human membership in it is not a matter of choice. One cannot say, "I will join it or resign from it, as I prefer," for by the very fact of birth he is of it, is welded into it. Accordingly, every individual has a proprietary interest in it. He has a share in its assets and its liabilities. He must be a participant, not only in its dividends, but in its assessments as well.

By the very gift of life every human being becomes an accountable unit of the state and must have primary concern in the questions pertaining to social welfare

capital, labor, poverty, equality, justice, and rights of whatever kind.

This fact may be generally recognized by the few; but it occasionally becomes painfully apparent to all, as in those vehement and cyclonic revolutions—the gigantic upheavals of city or nation-which, so regardless of the value of life and property, tell of the subterranean forces of society that must be regarded.

SEXUAL IMMORALITY, AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE

It is not my purpose, however, to take up here any of the great questions enumerated, but to invite your attention to a theme that appertains to and underlies them all-that reaches to the very root of society, and that lies contiguous to the heart of life itself. That theme is:

The Genesis and the Sexual Relationships of Human Beings

This subject is of a distinctly personal nature and until recently has been seldom mentioned; but which, according to admitted scientific facts, plays such an important part socially.

The happiness of the individual constitutes the happiness of the world. All misery and suffering begin with him, and the prosperity and happiness of a family or nation depend upon the gaining of an equipoise of temperament and circumstance by each member. The key to the social problem is the individual; in fact, he is himself the problem, and consequently all effort toward the betterment of social conditions must deal, primarily, with the person himself.

The greatest benefactors are those who, by their wise measures, change those miserable subjects who have no responsibility into happy persons of a helpful disposition; thus placing them on a higher plane, causing them to think higher thoughts, and teaching them to control their lives.

All effort to better society must, necessarily, then, include the alleviation and elevation of those conditions governing the lives of those already afflicted, giving them the best opportunities for existence, and, further, forestalling the wreckages of life. To do this, two things must be accomplished, namely: make the future generation better than the present, and, improve the present.

Normal Sexuality Versus Sensuality

Before considering the cause of a disease, something must be known, not only of the disease itself, but also of that substance capable of becoming diseased. If there be such a disease as sexual evil or ill, there must first exist a sexual good. Therefore, to be logical, we must first acquaint

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ourselves with the facts of true sexuality and then, in turn, with its disease-which we shall term sensuality.

Sexuality is as beautiful as sensuality is hideous. Prudery is the very servant of sensuality. A purity of sex-vision excludes sensuality by a self-enforcing law, just as light dispels darkness, and without that effort, agony or strain which belong to the prudish who would fain be pure.

Sexuality has a lawful focus. Sensuality is sexuality unlawfully focused. God will purify us from sensuality, but He will not emasculate us. Purity, then, is not sexunconsciousness, but sex at its fulness, washed clean of lust. Purity and prudery, sexuality and sensuality are exact opposites.

Sexuality is that out of which everything great is made; but, like all physical basic principles out of which everything is built in this world, and which has become distorted, it has to be made over again.

People seem not to realize that sexuality is the factory, the steam, the force from which all great progress is made. Like steam or electricity, it is powerful only when it is under control.

If human beings knew how to transmute sex-power into purpose-how to turn it into some great work-there would be recorded an advance in true civilization and true development such as the sad old world would have never known. We know how to transmute electricity, how to make it produce light or to turn wheels; but when we learn to put our electrical force to some purpose, then will this power of life be diverted to some great power and achievement; where now, frittered away, it is a destructive where it will be a constructive force.

Man depletes his sexual system by wallowing in sensuality. He becomes a moral leper and brings the filthy product. of his sensual living to innocent wives and babes.

Sensuality, on the other hand, is sexuality diseased, and, as such, it concerns every individual. None can escape its ravages or its contaminating influence.

The disease itself, sensuality, is not only varied in its manifestation, not only localized and constitutional, but in its

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