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patched by the hands of the executioner 18,000 heretics, besides those who had fallen by the sword.-(Bentivoglio lib. 7.)

Balthazar Gerard, who murdered the Prince of Orange, as a heretic, at Delft, in the year 1584, confessed that he was encouraged to do so by some Jesuits, who assured him that he would enjoy eternal happiness hereafter, and be enrolled in the list of martyrs by perpetrating it.* Strada, a learned Jesuit, who wrote the history of the civil wars in Flanders, tells us, that Jaurigny, one of the accomplices in that asaassination, "exp ated the guilt of it before its perpetration, by receiving the sacrament from a Dominican Friar."t

It is allowed by all historians of credit, that during the first eleven years of Elizabeth's reign, no person was molested on the score of religion; and not, until the bull of Pius V, occasioned many treasonable conspiracies against her life and government; all which the reader will find in Camden and Speed. Parry's plot to assassinate her was set on foot and encouraged by Palmio a Jesuit, Campeggio a Nuncio, Como a Cardinal, & Pope Gregory XIII. The Moors, who were most useful and industrious subjects in Spain, had been, for some centuries, most cruelly persecuted, as heretics, by the advice of the Popish Clergy, who recommended their total expulsion. The Grandees, in whose territories they lived, dreading this, had a clause introduced into the Spanish Monarch's coronation-oath, binding them not to expel them, or to accept a disper sation from the Pope from that oath; and yet Pope Clement VII, at the instance of the Spanish Clergy, absolved Charles V from it, and encouraged him to persecute and expel the Moors; the dispensation ends thus, "I absolve you from all censures and penalties of the guilt of perjury, which you might incur thereby."--(Geddes's Miscellaneous Tracts, p. 36, 39, 40.)-In the year 1610, one million of them were expelled, which gave a fatal blow to that kingdom, from which it never has recovered.

The leading conspirators in the gun-powder plot, formed for the de struction of the King and the Parliament, received absolution from Jes, mond and Garnet, two Jesuits, who encouraged them in the perpetration of it.(Caulfield's history thereof.)

In a few months after the explosion of the rebellion of 1641, in Ireland, 100,000 Protestants were butchered; and Hugh Oge Macmahon, and other conspirators in it, arrested in Dublin, on the 23d of October, con

* Idem.

f Non ante facinus aggredi sustinuit, quam expiatam ejus animam apud Dominichanum sacerdotem cœlesti pane confirmaverat.

"The execution of justice in England, not for religion, but for treason," by Lord Burleigh, in Gibson's Collectanea, vol. III, tit. XIII.

Speed, 873.

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fessed, that all the English Protestants were to be murdered that night, in consequence of a preconcerted plan. Lewis XIV, contrary to many so. lemn promises to the French Protestants, that they should enjoy religious liberty, granted and secured to them, by the edict of Nantes, in the year 1685, banished nearly a million of them at the instance of his confessor, after they had suffered the most cruel persecution.

When James II arrived in Ireland, after his abdication, in the year 1689, he convened a Popish Parliament, who passed a law, by which they attainted every Protestant by name, whom they could discover to be be seized of any property; and by this sanguinary law, exceeding in cruelty and extent the proscription of the Roman Triumvirate, they were made subject to the penalties of death and confiscation, without a hearing. In the year 1729, the Popish Titular Bishops of Ireland solicited, and obtained from the Pope, a bull to raise money by the sale of indulgences, to be speedily applied to restore James III to his right, and to put George II, and all the Royal Family, to the sword * It appears that a number of Popish Prelates, and other Ecclesiastics, being assembled at the house of Teague McCartey, alias Rabagh, Titular Bishop of Cork, Keefe, Bishop of Limerick, presented a letter to said McCartey, from Doctor Butler, Titular Archbishop of Cashel, informing him, that the Pope had at last complied with the request of the Irish Archbishops and Bishops, in granting them an indulgence or the above purpose. The purport of the bull was this," That every communicant duly confessing, and receiving the sacrament on the patron days of every respective parish, and every Sunday, from the first day of May to September, having repeated the Lord's Prayer five times, and once the Apostles' Creed, and upon paying two pence each time, was to have a plenary indulgence for his sins; and all approved confessors had full power to absolve in all cases, with intent that God would speedily place James III on the throne of England. Every parish Priest was to pay 51. towards this fund, and was to account upon oath for its collection; and the Pretender had an agent in each province to collect it. The whole of this conspiracy, and the documents relating to it, are to be

It has been often said in Parliament, that as the male branch of the House of Stuart, who laid claims to the throne, is extinct, all danger from Popery has ceased. But it appears from the terrible principles inseparable from Popery, under a Protestant State, that its votaries in Ireland have uniformly, for nearly 300 years, invited every enemy of the Empire to separate their native country from England; against which, as the bulwark of Protestantism, they harbour an invincible hatred. In the year 1793, they solicited the assistance of the French Government, administered by Robespierre, for that purpose; soon after they had expressed the deepest gratitude to our gracious Sovereign, for extensive and important privileges which they obtained through his parental recom mendation

found in the first edition of the Journals of the Irish House of Commons, vol. VI, p. 342, and in the 4th volume of the last edition, Appendix XLVI. In the year 1732, above 30,000 of the Protestants of Saltzburgh, in Germany, were forcibly driven from their native country, in the depth of winter, without clothes to cover them, or provisions for their journey, not having been permitted to carry away any of their effects.* Many of them were well received and settled in England. Their sufferings were described in a small tract, published in London, in 1733. In the years 1743, 1744, and 1745, the Protestants in Languedoc, Grenoble, and other parts of France, suffered a severe persecution; which is described in a pamphlet entitled "Popery always the same;" printed for and sold by B. Dodd, near Stationer's-hall, London, 1746. Popery is not yet changed. In my last letter, page 442, I proved, by extracts from those highly respectable records, the reports of the secret committees of both Houses of the Irish Parliament, that the dreadful rebellion of 1798, was organized so early as the year 1793, by the Catholic convention, who had two objects in contemplation, the separation of their native country from England, and the extirpation of their Protestant fellow-subjects as heretics. The cold-blooded butcheries of them at Scullabogue, Wexford-bridge, Vinegar-hill, and other parts of Ireland, and the sudden insurrection and massacre of them in Dublin, on the 23d of July 1803, incontestably prove the truth of Mr. Francis Plowden's remark," that the modern Roman Catholics do not differ one iota from their ancestors."

MELANCTHON.

Errata in Melancthon's Fifth Letter.

P. 437, line 31, for annuities, read amnesties.

P. 443, line 33, for enlightened reputed, read enlightened and respected.

*This was in violation of the treaty of Westphalia, (which passed in the year 1648, between the Emperor and the Protestant Princes of Germany) by which religious liberty was stipulated for all orders. The Emperor and these Princes mutually bound each other by a solemn oath to the observance of it; on which the Pope published a flaming bull, in which he pronounced the oath to be null and void, as no oath could bind him to heretics. This bull was exposed by Hornbeck, an eminent German Divine, in a work entitled “Examen Bullæ Papalis, quâ Innocentius X, abrogare nititur pacem Germaniæ." It is not less singular than alarming, that by the bull introduced into Parliament by Mr. Grattan, so happily thrown out, all the venerable fences and pronuments which our ancestors have been raising for above 600 years, for the protection of our Constitution, were to be done away, uno flatu, and the only security proposed was an oath of allegiance; though, in the rebellion of 1798, the Irish Papists almost uniformly violated the allegiance they had sworn.

POPE PIUS IV's CREED.

Pope Pius IV's creed first recites the Nicene Creed, in which Protestants and Papists agree; it then sets forth the following articles, in which they widely differ. The Editor places in an opposite column, certain passages from the articles of religion agreed upon, and maintained by the Church of England; so that the reader may see at one view the essential differences subsisting between our reformed Church and that of Rome,the scriptural &mplicity of the former, and the manifold errors which disgrace the latter. The references to authors, comprize the sentiments both of Churchmen and Dissenters; who formerly made common cause against the doctrines of Popery.

ROMISH ARTICLES.

13. I most firmly receive and embrace the Apostolical and Ecclesiastical traditions, and all the other observances and constitutions of the same Church.*

14. I do receive the holy Scrip. tores in the same sense that holy mother Church doth, and always hath, to whom it belongs to judge of the true sense and interpretation of them, neither will I receive and interpret them other. ways than according to the unanimous consent of the fathers.†

ENGLISH ARTICLES OF RELIGION.

VI. Of the Sufficiency of the Holy

Scriptures for Salvation.

Holy Scripture containeth all things necessary to salvation: so that whatsoever is not read there in, nor may be proved thereby, is not to be required of any man, that it should be believed as an article of the faith, or be thought

requisite or necessary to salvation. XX. Of the Authority of the Cburch.

The Church hath power to decree Rites or Ceremonies, and Authority in Controversies of Faith; and yet it is not lawful for the Church to ordain any thing that is contrary to God's word written, neither may it so expound one place of Scripture that

• See Scripture and Tradition compared; by Bishop Stillingfleet, in the Preservative against Popery ;-Vol. 1. Tit. 4. p. 179. Also, Bishop Williams's Examination of the Texts which the Papists cite to prove the Insufficiency of Scripture, and the Necessity of Tradition; Vol. 1. Tit. 4, p. 206. Discourse against Popery, by M. Benjamin Ben Mr. Smith's Dialogues, p. 40 to 67.

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+ The Popish Rule of Faith examined and disproved by Archbishop Tennison, Bishop Patrick, Dr. Sherlock, and Dr. Maurice; Preservative against Popery, Vol. 1. Tit. 4. p. 3. Dr. John Edwards on Popery, p. 156. Mr, G. Smyth's Sermon on the Authority and Infallibility of the Church of Rome; Salter's Hall Lectures. Mr, J. Smith's Dialogues, p. 68 to 123.

ROMISH ARTICLES.

15. I do also profess, that there are seven Sacraments of the new law, truly and properly so called, instituted by our Lord Jesus Christ, and necessary to the salvation of mankind, though not all of them to every one, viz. Baptism, Confirmation, the Eocharist, Penance, Extreme Unction, Orders and Marriage, and and that they do confer grace ; and that of these, Baptism, Confirmation and Orders may not be repeated without sacrilege. I do also receive and admit the received and approved Rites of the Catholic Church in the solemn administration of the above said Sacraments.*

ENGLISH ARTICLES OF RELIGION.

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be repugnant to another. Wherefore although the Church be a witness and a keeper of Holy Writ, yet as it ought not to decrée any thing against the same, so bei sides the same ought it not to en force any thing to be believed for necessity of salvation.

XXV. Of the Sacraments.

There are two Sacraments ordained of Christ our Lord in the Gospel, that is to say, Baptism, and the Supper of the Lord.

Those five commonly called Sacraments, that is to say, Confirmation, Penance, Orders, Matrimony; and Extreme Unction, are not to be counted for Sacra- . ments of the Gospel, being such as have grown, partly of the corrupt following of the Apostles, partly are states of life allowed in the Scriptures; but yet have not like nature of Sacraments with Baptism and the Lord's Supper, for that they have not any visible sign or ceremony ordained of God.

The Sacraments were not ordained of Christ to be gazed upon, or to be carried about: but that we should duly use them. And in such only, as worthily receive the same, they have a wholesome effect or operation; but they that receive them unworthily, purchase

No Catholic Tradition for Seven Sacraments, by Bishop Stillingfleet ;-Preservat› tive against Popery, Vol. 2 Tit. 7 p. 3.-Gee's Examination of Texts cited by Papists &c. p. 19. J. Smith's Dialogues, p. 221 to 248. Archbishop Secker's Lectures on the Church Catechism. Bishop Burnet on the 25th Article.

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