66 stood whatever the ruling party please | angry. He feigned sickness; and sent to say: and by heresy, a differing from to desire the inquisitorial judge to visit it. The chief point is, that the Bishop him. He waited on him. As soon as of Rome, who is the centre of unity, he arrived, the count ordered him to is infallible. The church hath declar- sit down, and write a confession that ed this an article of faith. This is he was a Jew. The holy father revery prudent; for if this be granted, fused. The count rung for a servant, the rest follows of course. To doubt and, on his appearing, ordered him to this, is heresy; and heretics are call sufficient help to take a red hot monsters. They may very properly be helmet, then in the fire, and put it called, traitors to God: they are upon the head of the father inquisitor. antichrist, the Apocalyptical beast, His reverence, hearing this resolute who come up to attack the Saints. order, flew like lightning to the escriWho would think it! The Jewish toir, took the pen, wrote the confeschurch was a type of the Catholic sion, and signed a solemn declaration church of Christ; and Tyre and Sidon, that he was a Jew. The count then and all the enemies of the Jews men- reproached him with his injustice and tioned by Joel, and Zechariah, and barbarity. My physician," said he, Jeremiah, and all other prophets, "hath confessed himself a Jew, as you were types of heretics. Heretics were have; with this difference, pain forced prefigured by Samson's 300 foxes, the confession from him: it was nothing which is exactly the number of heretics. but the fear of it that extorted it from The qualities of both are the same: you." the fox is fair and fraudful; so are heretics: the fox deceives with his tail; heretics do the same with their tongues: the fox loves poultry, and chickens [Concluded from col. 435.] are in imminent danger when they SOME years ago, the ladies supported wander from the hen, as laymen are the dress by means of the shoulder; when they wander from their mother, and straps, which ran over them, conthe Church. Heretics are Gog and nected the dress before and behind. Magog; the number of them is as the This practice was then abolished, nor sand of the sea; they go out by the has it been since resumed; and their instigation of the Devil, to deceive clothes are now entirely maintained by the nations in the four quarters of the the mere force of lateral adhesion. earth, and gather together to battle Whether their robes are attached to a against the camp of the Saints. What plaister, which is made to adhere need many words? Heretics and schis-firmly to the sides and back, I cannot matics are worse than Pagans and Jews, and the soldiers that killed Christ all which is clear to a demonstration from the words of Solomon, the wisest of men, who denominates heathens dogs, and heretics lions; and says, a living dog is better than a dead lion." FEAR OF PUNISHMENT UNFRIENDLY LETTER FROM A MEXICAN CHIEF. with certainty say; but I have every reason to suppose they are, for they have certainly all the appearance of it; nor is it easy to conceive, what other plan could produce a similar effect. By this alteration, the ladies are now exposed nearly from the waist upwards; and they seem to enjoy themselves in this condition with a singular complacency and satisfaction. I must add, too, that when they cut such an unblushing portion from the top of the dress, a corresponding part fell sympathetically from below; so that naked and pristine simplicity, (inconsistent people that they are) seems now the order of the day. A certain Nobleman in Portugal had a physician who was put into the Inquisition, under suspicion of Judaism. Hearing this, he wrote to one of the inquisitors, to inform him, that the Doctor was a good Christian; and he This is the only fashion of any condesired that he might be set at liberty.siderable permanency, and I know not The inquisitors returned a polite an- what cause to assign for this singular swer, that they could not oblige his instance of fidelity; for, I imagine lordship, for the prisoner had been that the mere love of change was not tortured, and had confessed he was a the motive which induced them to Jew. The count was excessively adopt it, as I find that whatever they adopt from the love of change, they renounce as quickly for the same reason. Whether it is owing to an adventitious infirmity of the shoulder, which cannot support such a suspended weight; or to an increase in the attraction of cohesion, which makes shoulder-straps unnecessary; or whether they have been prompted by an economic spirit, or an unusual climal warmth has recommended the change; I am at present at a loss to know, and I believe it is not assignable to any of these causes; for all the physicians agree, in pronouncing the shoulder-blade to be as strong this century, as it was the last; and the best philosophers declare, that the attraction of cohesion has remained unaltered. Nor can it be imputed to economy, or an increase of climal warmth; for it is universally agreed, that prodigality and Northern icebergs have advanced apace. Some men, indeed have insinuated, that it is from a vain desire of displaying their forms, and giving pleasure to the spectators by the exhibition of their beauties; adding, that it is a religious maxim with them, not to put their candle under a bushel, as they figuratively express it. But I imagine this conjecture is quite erroneous. I know it has in general an effect quite contrary to that of giving pleasure; for we are offended at their protruding on our attention, what concealment and modesty only can make an object of love. Besides, the half of the females, by their projecting bones and defective skin and make, are altogether unqualified for such an exhibition; and these only excite our contempt by that excess of vanity, which makes them conceive a charm to dwell there, where there is the utmost impotency to give the smallest pleasure. as possible, and they now coerce and restrict their bodies in such laced and tight garments, as I have commonly seen their madmen confined in, to prevent mischief; so that, in coming out of a mad-house into the streets, a stranger is at first induced to think, that derangement has become epidemic, and made a nation of victims. It were endless to recount the various and trifling matters in which their ingenuity contrives to make continued changes. The mode of cutting the hair, the form of the beard, or the way of pairing the nails, each must receive its due and periodical alteration. The size, too, of the hat, the length of the coat, the form of tying this, and of buttoning that, every matter of similar importance, and every visible part of the dress, must be frequently newmodelled and altered. At present, their bodies are so coerced by the tightness of their dress, and their heads so immoveable by means of neck collars, that a turn, or a local motion, is effected with the utmost difficulty. Besides, owing to the same swathing and constricture, and a difficulty of respiration, which is the consequence of it, they cannot advance forward with any rapidity, or for any considerable time; so that I understand music stools, which revolve horizontally, are to be used in future for local, and accelerators for progressive motion. These alterations, as I have before hinted, must be adopted by the entire nation. The penalty of non-conformity is the most rigorous which the civil policy allows. It is not pecuniary, nor are the delinquents imprisoned, or thrown into chains, or striped: no, it is not corporeal; it is inflicted on the feelings, and the passions are put to the torture. The offender becomes the common topic for scorn and detraction: the butt and the mark for malice. Were you to see him enter into public, you would find every nose curl with disdain at his ap But fickle as are the fair in this region of caprice, the men, (I blush for the fallen dignity of my sex,) the men are egregiously more culpable. That part of the human creation, which, in our country, is addicted to noble pur-proach; every eye looking oblique consuits, and manly and becoming exercises, is here sunk into all the excesses of softness and sensuality; of effeminate weakness and childish mutability. As the dress of the men admits not of that general variety in which the women are so happy, they are much more minute and finical in their alterations. The general design seems to be, to deviate from the rules of nature as far tempt; every finger pointed at him, in derision; and every tongue aimed with calumny to wound. You would find every outward sense and inward faculty conspiring to degrade him; and reproach and contempt pursuing him with the most irritated violence. Thus do these people invert the natural order of punishments. If a man take away another's property, and knock him down, to compensate him for the loss,-and sometimes, if he commit murder, they send the offender out seven years to see the world, hoping, no doubt, that his travels will open and enlarge his mind with a certain noble knowledge, which will teach him to disdain a base action, and make him for the future a worthy and a loyal subject. This is the punishment, or rather the reward, for robbery, and sometimes for murder. For adultery, they impose a fine; but if the hair of the offender has not been legally cut, if the length of his coat is an inch below the lawful standard, they persecute him with the most relentless severity; for what wounds, my worthy Phraar, what wounds are so smarting, as those of the feelings; or what punishment so galling, as that inflicted by shame? Thus you see these people are induced to commit the most heinous crimes, by the hope of acquiring extensive knowledge; and obliged to engage in follies, by the penalties annexed to a neglect of them. to pray, &c. for all occupying civil stations, that the advantage may redound to ourselves, through the exercise of such dispositions as necessarily attend supplication, prayer, &c. Hence a man of intercession for kings and magistrates will be a man of loyalty and subjection. In the 3d verse, a motive is given for supplication, prayer, &c. it being good and acceptable in the sight of God our Saviour. That this is the meaning is evident, from what is said in the 4th verse: for prayer must be good and acceptable with God, when he himself wills that for which we are exhorted to pray. If God does not will that all be saved, it would have been absurd for. Paul to exhort Timothy to pray for all men. In the 4th verse, Paul gives a glorious view of the character of God; which is a counterpart to John's description, when he says, "God is love." Paul gives us in this place, as in many others, the will of God for our motive, and his conduct for our imitation. It may be objected, that if the word all be taken in an unlimited sense, then all must be saved, for it is said, he "will have all men to be saved." The passage may be rendered more literally thus: "who willeth that all men be saved." It still may be objected, that if God willeth that all men be saved; all men must be saved, else, God is not able to accomplish his will. Hence, the Universalists believe, that all shall be brought to heaven; and the Calvinists, that the word all is restrict Let them then, my valued Phraar, let them commit those crimes, and engage in those follies, unheeded and unimitated: let them pursue, too, these trifling employments; let them follow those arts, which, in our eyes, make men contemptible, and degrade them beneath their destination. May we long remain uninfected by their refinements may we long continue in the exercise of those martial exploits, those heroic and manly pursuits, which mark the wisdom, and degrade not the dig-ed to the number of the elect. The nity, of man: and may we never sink into those trivial follies, and fantastic arts, the result (as they say) of national refinement, but, in my mind, the symptom of human littleness, and national and mental degradation. REMARKS ON 1 TIM. ii. 1–6. PAUL, in the first verse, exhorts Timothy, and, through him, all Christians, to supplicate, pray, intercede, and give thanks, for all men: not all ranks and degrees of men, as some say, for this is done in the second verse; but for all men individually, having a special regard for their souls, as is evident from verses 4th and 5th, in which the word salvation is connected with a knowledge of the truth, and the ransom Christ has given. In the second verse, we are exhorted point then is, whether are we to receive the declaration of the Word of God, (which, in numerous other places, represents God's will as not being accomplished); or to be guided by a conjectured law of the Divine nature. God willeth the salvation of men, not absolutely, but conditionally; for "whosoever believeth shall be saved." In the 5th and 6th verses, Paul maintains his position, that God is not averse to the salvation of all men, because a Mediator between God and offending men, without limitation, has been appointed; and that this Mediator exercises his functions in behalf of all, because he gave himself a ransom for all. Let us, with hearts of gratitude and praise, briefly review the subject. 1st. Prayer for all, producing a spirit of universal philanthropy, is enjoined, because God, the object of imitation, | tion with God's will for their salvation, wills that for which we are exhorted to and the ransom made by Christ for pray. "Love your enemies, bless them, to some of all ranks. It is true them that curse you, do good to them we are exhorted in the second verse to that hate you, and pray for them which pray, &c. "for kings, and all that are despitefully use you and persecute you; in authority;" but, in the first verse, that ye may be the children of your we are exhorted to pray for all men. Father which is in heaven: for he It is more consistent with just critimaketh his sun to rise on the evil and cism, to apply the general, and not the on the good, and sendeth rain on the particular meaning, to the word all, just and unjust." Matt. v. 44, 45. connected as above. If the particular meaning is to be adopted, because we are exhorted to pray for kings, and all that are in authority, then, according to another part of our opponents' creed, all kings and all in authority will be saved, and none but they. They defend such conduct upon the deceptious principle, of " maintaining consistency with the analogy of faith;" or, in other words, making Scripture submit to a system of human contrivance. Dubious parts of Holy Writ ought to be explained by the obvious; and not the obvious by the dubious. Violence must never be done to the plain meaning arising out of the context, making a consistent part of a complete whole. 2nd. That none are excluded from a share of God's tender compassion. Despisest thou the riches of his goodness, and forbearance, and long suffering; not knowing that the goodness of God leadeth thee to repentance."Rom. ii. 4.-" The Lord is not slack concerning his promise, as some men count slackness; but is long-suffering to us-ward, not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance.""And account that the long-suffering of our Lord, is salvation; even as our beloved brother Paul also, according to the wisdom given unto him, hath written unto you; as also in all his Epistles, speaking in them of these things." 2 Peter iii. 9, 15, 16. "Have I any pleasure at all that the wicked should die? saith the Lord God; and not that he should return from his ways and live?" Ezek. xviii. 23. "As I live, saith the Lord God, I have no pleasure in the death of the wicked; but that the wicked turn from his way and live turn ye, turn ye, from your evil ways; for why will ye die?" Ezek. xxxiii. 11. "For God so loved the world, that he gave his only-begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. For God sent not his Son into the world, to condemn the world; but that the world through him might be saved." John iii. 16, 17. Tri The Socinians triumphantly quote the fifth verse, while they neglect the sixth. They say, there is but one God: so do Trinitarians. In order to shew that Jesus Christ was a MAN, they write the word Man in capitals. nitarians do not deny that Jesus was a man: but while, with Paul, they believe that Jesus Christ "was the seed of David, according to the flesh," they also believe, with him, that he was the "Son of God." The question which stopped the mouths of the Jews, and must for ever stop the mouths of Socinians, how the Christ could be David's son and Lord? is easily answered by Trinitarians. With John, they believe that the "Word was made flesh;" and that "Christ is come in the flesh :" but why" Antichrist" should deny that the mere man Jesus "was not come in the flesh," they leave to Socinians to un 3rd. That all are ransomed by Christ. "Because we thus judge, that if one died for all, then were all dead: and he died for all, that they which live should not henceforth live unto them-ravel. selves, but unto him that died for them, and rose again." 2 Corinth. v. 14, 15. "That he by the grace of God should taste death for every man." Heb. And he is the propitiation for our sins; and not for ours only, but also for the sins of the whole world." 1 John ii. 2. ii. 9. 66 Concluding Remarks. How reprehensible is the conduct of such as limit the word all, in connec The Socinians dwell much upon the words "one God," but they pass over the words "one Mediator." Paul informs us, that Moses was a Mediator: Gal. iii. 19. And in this chapter, he exhorts Timothy, and all Christians, to be mediators or intercessors. Thus, there are many mediators: therefore, Christ, who is styled the 66 one Mediator between God and men," must be a mediator superior to all the rest. Paul tells us, in the sixth vers that he " gave himself a redemption- | subsiding into a state of tranquillity, it price for all men:" consequently, Christ's mediatorship is founded on an equivalent being paid, in order to effect a reconciliation. 2 Corinth. v. 19. Aberdeen, July 7th, 1819. Z. To find the Square and Cube Number. TO THE EDITOR OF THE IMPERIAL MAGAZINE. Newtown Half-way Houses, SIR, DIOPHANTINE problems are those that relate to the finding of square and cube numbers, and in this way no man has ever extended the limits of the analytic art further than Diophantus, who flourished in or about the third century. He is the first writer on Algebra we meet with among the ancients. I presume the solving of the following problem, will exercise the abilities of the mathematician, as I have not seen any of Diophantus's that extend so far. If you think it worthy the notice of your numerous readers, it is at your service. To divide a given number, (40,) consisting of four known square num16 484 bers, 4, 16, & into four other 25 25 square numbers whose sum shall be 40. 15376 1444 841 4 5776 Answer: + + 289 I am, Sir, 289 841 Yours, respectfully, WILLIAM CURRIE. POLAR EXPEDITION, INTERESTING particulars, extracted from a work, entitled " A Voyage of Discovery, made under the orders of the Admiralty, in H. M. ships Isabella and Alexander, for the purpose of exploring Baffin's Bay, and inquiring into the probability of a North-west passage. By John Ross, K. S. Capt. R. N." London, Murray, 1819. PP 435. 31. 138. bds. With Observations on them; and occasional references to Sabine's account of the Esquimaux. The clamours of war having ceased to rouse the ferocious passions of human nature, and the animosities which subsisted between contending nations is pleasing to a contemplative mind, to behold those energies, which had long spread desolation throughout the world, engaged in extending the empire of science, and enlarging the sphere of civilization. Since the termination of hostilities, the enterprising genius of the British nation has been turned towards the Arctic regions, for the purpose of exploring those oceans which surround the Pole, to discover, if possible, a new passage into the Indian seas. new Of every expedition that is fitted out for discovery, the issue is always involved in much uncertainty. But, on the late occasion, although the hazards attendant on so perilous a voyage, were fully anticipated, it was also perceived, that the enterprise would probably result in some commercial and scientific advantages. And even if no channels for national traffic were opened, discoveries might be made, which would tend to enlarge the social intercourse of mankind, and furnish us with an opportunity of giving a new direction to the sacred stream of Christianity, through which we might soften the rigours, and supply the deficiencies, of our fellow-creatures. To be the almoners of Divine Providence, and to carry the blessings of spiritual light to those who sit in darkness, more palpable and more permanent than that which involves the polar regions during the inclemencies of winter, is an honour that will add lustre to the British diadem; and the call is imperious on us, to make this dignified sacrifice at the shrine of humanity. Since the trade of the eastern hemisphere had become a general privilege, it was considered more important than in former ages, to find the shortest way to that vast mart of wealth and enterprise. If, therefore, it could be ascernorth existed, and this passage could tained, that any passage thither by the be available to navigation, the disamply repay the trouble and expense covery, it was plainly foreseen, would necessary to the determination of so important a point. And although in this respect the expedition has proved unsuccessful, yet observations have been made, which will prove highly beneficial to the interests of Geography, This has been effected by the gentlemen who embarked in the enterprize, by ascertaining the true position of |