BENZINUM NITRICUM.

Authorities. 12, Dr. Mackenzie, Med. Times and Gaz., 1862, p. 239, a boy sucked some through a siphon; 13, E. Nicholson, Lancet, 1862 (1), p. 135, a student took a soap perfumed with nitrobenzol into a bath; 14, Alfred S. Taylor, Guy's Hosp. Rep., vol. x, 1864, Mr. Fotherby communicated to me a case, a woman, æt. thirty years, swallowed not more than a drop, and spilled a tablespoonful, and did not immediately wipe it up; 15, Ein Fall von Nitrobenzol vergiftung, Inaug. Diss., Dr. Hermann Pagenstecker, Würzburg, 1867, case of poisoning; 16, Dr. Swederus, Hygea, 35, 1873, S. J., 170, p. 232; 17, Ewald, Centralblatt für die Med. Wissenschaften, 1873, Lond. Med. Rec., vol. iii, 1875, p. 75, a young woman, æt. twenty-two years, took about a drachm of commercial bitter almond oil; another, æt. eighteen years, took about 2 drachms; 18, Ewald, general symptoms; 19, Dr. Bruglocher, Erz. Intell. Blatt, Jan. 5, 1875 (Lond. Med. Rec., vol. iii, p. 74), a soapboiler, æt. forty years, took five or six drachms, with about twenty times its bulk of spirit; he took part at 2 A.M., the rest at 7 P.M.; 20, Dr. Stephenson, New Remedies, 1876, p. 268, a man, æt. thirty years, for pain in the chest and cough, took of the following prescription, Benzol, rect., 3ij., Ol. Menth. Pip. 3ss., Ol. Olivæ, 3x, three doses of thirty drops (first and second days), one dose at 9 A.M. (third day); 21, Bruglocher (Bayr. Arztl. Intell. Blatt, 1875), S. J., 168, 128, poisoning by a small quantity; 22, From the Swedish, S. J., 170, 232, a man took some by mistake for castor oil.

Mind.-Stupor,".-First felt only a little sleepy, finally the stupor increased, and it was impossible to rouse him, and he died twelve hours after,.-Both recovered after about five and twelve hours' insensibility, and a further period of partial coma,".-Soon became unconscious, tossed about, with inarticulate, confused speech,".-Complete loss of consciousness,.-Extreme coma,"

18

Head.-[110.] Headache,.-Slight headaches,".

Eye.-Rolling of eyeballs,".-Constant slow movement of the eyeballs, from left to right, under the closed lids,".-Eyes partly closed,1o.. Pupils dilated,16 18-Pupils contracted,.

Face.-Edema of face,".-Face intensely pale, bluish,1.-Face bluish gray, covered with cold sweat,.-120.] Jaws spasmodically closed,16. Mouth.-Tenacious saliva flowed from the mouth,16. Stomach.-Vomiting,18.

Stool.-Involuntary evacuations,16 18.

Urinary Organs.-Diuresis towards the latter part of the case was greatly increased,.-Urine drawn by the catheter brownish red,".-The first urine passed in case No. I was about 9 ounces, brownish red, slightly turbid, free from albumen, sp. gr. 1020, and smelling strongly of bitter almonds. It held a large quantity of cupric sulphate and potash in solution, but did not reduce the copper [? glycogen, glycocoll, or inosite]. The urine in the second case was twice drawn off by catheter (six and eight hours afterwards), and a third sample passed spontaneously was also examined. The first samples equalled about halt a pint together, sp. gr. 1017. The next was similar. The quantity is not stated. It partially reduced, but did not decolorize, Trommer's solution, and failed to show appreciable amount of sugar by the polarizing apparatus,'

17

Respiratory Organs.- Accelerated respiration, Respiration

18 and 22,".-Respiration irregular, scarcely 10 to the minute..-[130.] Respiration irregular, snoring,.-On every deep inspiration the wings of the nose dilated, the lower lip was somewhat drawn inward, and the epigastrium was much raised; with the respiration there was vesicular pharyngeal stertor,

Pulse. Rapidity of pulse,".-Pulse 124 and 108,".-Pulse tense, irregular, intermittent, at times slow, sometimes rapid, about 96,15-Pulse weak, regular,1.-The pulse became very slow and weak,16.

Generalities.-The blood taken by cupping was brownish in color, but gave no special spectrum bands,".-Powerful odor of bitter almond,18. -There was an intense smell of the poison in the breath, vomit, etc., for three days. Even the urine smelled of it,".-149.] Violent trembling followed by transient spasms, with drawing of the head backward, and to the left side,.-Convulsions,.-The burning taste in the mouth was immediately followed by a sensation of numbness and tingling in the tongue and lips, and a strange feeling for the next hour. In an hour and threequarters after the occurrence her aspect was quite typical of prussic acid poisoning; the eyes were bright and glassy; the features pale and ghastly; the lips and nails purple, as if stained by blackberries; the skin was clammy, and the pulse feeble. She was able to swallow a mustard emetic, after which she became rapidly worse; lost her consciousness; the teeth became set, the hands clenched and blue, the muscles rigid and convulsed. She vomited freely a pale fluid matter, which had the peculiar odor of nitrobenzole. The breathing became much reduced, and the pulse could scarcely be felt. In about eleven hours there was reaction, consciousness returned, and she was able to swallow. At the end of seventeen hours she was much better; but she then complained of distorted vision, with flashes of light and strange colors before her eyes. For some weeks she continued weak. There is no doubt these severe symptoms were chiefly due to the breathing of the vapor in a concentrated form. A fellow-servant in the room at the time the nitrobenzole was spilled also felt sick from the inhalation of the vapor,".-Loquacity was followed by drowsiness, which was soon merged into complete insensibility. He was found quite unconscicus at 7.30 P.M. At 8.30, when brought to the infirmary, all his limbs were paralyzed, as in deep chloroform narcosis; the jaw was clenched tightly, and was opened with great difficulty. The skin was cyanotic; the lips were of a violet-blue. He foamed at the mouth. His breathing was stertorous and superficial. The pulse was scarcely to be felt. The heart's impulse and sounds were extremely weak. The surface was cold. The pupils were moderately dilated, insensible to light. The urine and fæces were passed involuntarily. He smelt strongly of bitter almonds,".-On the afternoon of the second day he was observed to look pale and weak, but he was not conscious of feeling ill until after taking the dose at 9 A.M., on the third day. All the morning he suffered from headache. He left the office shortly after 2 P.M., but had not walked more than forty yards when he fell. He was just sensible enough to state where his office was situated but speedily became quite unconscious. When seen at 3.5 P.M. he appeared to be dead. The surface was bluish purple and cold. No pulse could be felt at the wrist. The lower jaw was rigidly closed, but the lower limbs were flaccid and dropped powerless when raised. The heart could, however, be heard beating faintly and irregularly. No breathing could be perceived until twenty minutes later,.-He fell to the ground unconscious, the extremities paralyzed, as in deep chloroform sleep, eyes closed by

spasms, skin cyanotic, lips blue, with frothing from the mouth. Respiration very superficial, temperature depressed, pulse scarcely perceptible, the heart's action extremely weak. Pupils insensible. Involuntary evacuation of fæces and urine,".-Soon after he staggered to and fro in an almost unconscious condition, with inarticulate and confused speech. Tenacious saliva flowed from the corners of the mouth, the face assumed a bluishgray color, and was covered with cold sweat. The wings of the nose, eyelids, and lips were intensely blue. After a few minutes he fell down in an unconscious state, the eyes staring, the lids half closed, the jaws spasmodically closed. Hands almost cold. The whole body was covered with copious cold sweat. Pulse weak. Respiration became irregular, stertorous, often ceasing altogether, then beginning again with violent deep inspiration whenever the nostrils were irritated by Causticum ammonium. After this violent trembling began, followed by transient spasms, with drawing of the head backward and to the left. Excretions involuntary. The pulse became slow, weak, and a soporous condition set in. The whole body was covered with cold clammy sweat,".-Fainted from the effects of the vapors, and felt ill for some time afterward,.-Hyperæmia,18.

Skin. Punctiform ecchymoses,.-150.] Both patients were cyanotic, like a case of severe emphysema,".-Intensely blue color of the wings of the nose, eyelids, hands, and lips,.-Fingers and toes cyanotic,.--Two large ecchymosed spots, of a livid, bluish-black color, were found beneath the scalp, and on the gluteal muscles; two cuppings of the lower portion of the thorax discharged black thin blood,15.

Fever.-Temperature very much depressed,15.-Chill came on the second day in the afternoon, with chattering of the teeth, after which the patient became worse, the pulse was more rapid, respiration irregular, and slower and slower till death,15. Rise of temperature,18.-Temperature 100.8 and 97.6',".-Sweatings,.-Whole body covered with cold clammy sweat,.-160.] Whole body covered with profuse cold sweat,16.

BENZOIN.

Lindera Benzoin, Meisner (Laurus Benzoin, L.; Benzoin odoriferum, Nees).

Natural order, Lauraceæ.

Common names, Spice-bush, Fever-bush.

Preparation, Tincture of twigs.

Authority. J. S. Wright, U. S. Med. Invest., New Ser., vol. iv, 1876, p. 575, took a tablespoonful of tincture made from small limbs at 8 A.M., 2 P.M., and 6 P.M. (first day); 2 tablespoonfuls (second day).

Hair oily (second day, and afterward).-Wake from sleep with a sick feeling in stomach and bowels; tired feeling; turn often in bed (first night). Empty feeling in stomach and lower part of bowels (first day).— Urine more frequent, and small quantity, of dark color; had to be up in the night to urinate twice. Bed swims, with sinking sensation, which made lying down on bed unpleasant. Had unpleasant, fearful feeling (third day).-Stool soft, with pain before, in lower bowels (third day).— Finger joints swelled and lame (third day).-Sense of touch fine, quick, and pleasant (second day).-Hips feel crushed (first day).—Pains in knees (third day).-10.] Skin cold; feet and legs cold up to knees; remained

VOL. X.-25

cold in bed (first day).-Feverish during the second night.-Skin moist (second day).

BISMUTHUM SUBNITRICUM.

Authority. 9, Dr. Kerner (Heidelberger Klin. Annal.), Lancet, 1829-30 (2), p. 349. A middle-aged man swallowed a large quantity. Hiccough, violent vomiting of brownish matter and profuse diarrhoea, the pulse was small and intermittent, the face pale and the whole body cold; the voluntary muscles, especially those of the lower extremities, were spasmodically contracted; the throat and pharynx were inflamed, he could not swallow, and complained of much pain in the throat, a nauseous metallic taste, and intolerable thirst (in eleven hours),.

BOVISTA.

Authority. 6, Dr. Roth (Journ. de la Soc. Gall., Mat. Med. Pure, vol. ii, p. 133), M. Pr. Correspondance practiques, 1828, p. 65.

Dull headache, like a pressure, below the left eye, toward the temporal region,.-660.] In the afternoon, a kind of intestinal colic, with urging to stool,.-Transient lancinations extending through the perinæum towards the anus and genital parts,".-More copious discharge of urine, in the afternoon,".-Fulness and anxiety in the præcordial region (in an hour),.Spasmodic pullings in the tendons of the left carpal joint,.-Numb feeling in the left carpal joint,.-Transient lancinations in the left thigh and leg, as also in the chest,.-Cramps in the left leg,.-General anxiety, general fatigue, eructations, nausea, abdominal inflation, emission of a great deal of flatulence, yawning and stretching, and invincible drowsiness,.Restlessness, anxiety, unpleasant heat and heaviness in the abdomen, and from time to time sensation of coldness throughout the body,”.

BRACHYGLOTTIS.

Brachyglottis repens, Forst.

Natural order, Compositæ.

Common names, Puka Puka (New Zealand).

Preparation, Tincture of green leaves and flowers.

Authority. L. C. Fischer, M.D., N. A. J. of Hom., vol. ix, 1878, p. 41, L. C. F., aged forty-six years, took 10 drops in water at 10 A.M. (first day); 20 drops in water at 11 A.M. (second day); 40 drops in water at 10 A.M. (third day); 80 drops at 11 A.M. (fifth day); 80 drops at 10 A.M. (sixth day); 20 drops in twenty spoonfuls of water, at 12 M. took four spoonfuls (eighth day); 4 drops in four spoonfuls, at 10 A.M. (eleventh day); i drop of tincture in solution, at 10 and 11 A.M. (thirteenth day); 20 drops in eight spoonfuls of water, one spoonful of solution at 12 M.; 5 drops in solution, at 7 P.M. (fourteenth day); 20 drops in solution at 11 A.M., 10 drops 12 o'clock at night (sixteenth day).

Mind. Irritable mood (eleventh day).

Head.-Confusion in the head (after two hours, fifth, thirteenth, and fourteenth days).—Confusion in the head and pain in the forehead (soon, thirteenth day).-Giddiness and flushed face (fifteenth day).—Headache

(after half an hour, sixth and eleventh days).-Headache, pressive and throbbing, forehead (after one hour, thirteenth day).--The headache and faceache become very intense, and prevents sleep during the night (thir teenth day).-Increasing desire to bend the head (fourteenth day).-Pain in the forehead (fifth and sixth days).-[10.] Pressure in the forehead (after one hour, first day).-Pressive pain in left side of forehead (after two hours, fifth day).-Headache concentrated about left eye, soon (thirteenth day).--Frontal headache, evening (fourteenth day).-Throbbing in left temple (eighth day).-Transitory sudden throbs, left side of head (after one hour, second day).

Ear.-Pain in the ears (fourteenth day).-Pain in left ear, evening (fourteenth day).-Tingling in the ears (eighth day).-Pricking in the ears (soon, fifth and fourteenth days).—[20.] Itching and pricking in the ears (fifteenth day). Since commencing the proving, tingling in the ears, with secretions, with which I have never been troubled (twelfth day).

Nose. Soreness in nostrils exteriorly (after one hour, first day).-Irritation in the nostrils, and repeated sneezing (after two hours, second day).-Irritation in the left nostril, and feeling as if the air is too sharp (soon, third day).-Itching in the nose (after two hours, fifth day).--Itching and burning in the nostrils (fifteenth day).

Face.-Slight twitches in left side of face, evening (fourteenth day).Faceache, left side, as if the submaxillary glands were affected, extending to the upper part of the face (after one hour, second day).—Soreness, zygomatic process, right side of face (soon, third day).-[30.] Soreness in the zygomatic process, left side (after one hour, thirteenth day).-Sudden lancinating pain in the right side of face (fourteenth day). Since about a week a soreness has been felt on the corners of the mouth, which now relieves itself by swelling of the lips (fourteenth day).-Severe pain in left submaxillary region (eighth day).-Left lower jaw painful (after one hour, thirteenth day).-Pain in left submaxillary gland (fourteenth day).-Immediately after dose, pain in the left lower jaw and face (fifteenth day).

Mouth.-Toothache, right side, extending to the ears (after two hours, third day).-Toothache (after two hours, fifth day).-Soreness of the tongue (after two hours, fifth day).-[40.] Pricking and numbness in the tongue, evening (fourteenth day).-Heat in the mouth (after one hour, second day, and after two hours, fifth day).

Throat. Slight soreness in the throat (after one hour, first day).— Scraping sensation in the throat (after three hours, third day).--Rawness in the throat (after one hour, third day, and after two hours, fifth day).— Soreness and rawness in the throat, evening (fifth day).-Dryness and rawness in the throat (eighth day).—Rawness and soreness in the throat (fourteenth day).-Rawness in the throat (fifteenth day).

Stomach.-Loss of appetite (after two hours, fifth day).-[50.] Eruc tations (third, fifth, and thirteenth days).-Frequent eructations of the taste of the medicine (soon, third day).-Nausea (after two hours, fifth, thirteenth, and fourteenth days).-Nausea and eructation of the taste of the ingesta, evening (second day).—Nausea and eructations (after three hours, third day).-Nauseating sensation in the stomach, evening (fourteen h day).—Pain, soreness in the stomach (soon).-Fluttering in the stomach (soon, third day).—Evening, after tea, soreness; throbbing in the stomach and bowels, right side (fourteenth day).

Abdomen.-Acute throbbing in right hypochondriac region (sixth day).-60.] Colic and desire for stool (fourteenth day).-Fluttering sen