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allowance, feveral died of hunger and fatigue. In proportion as the famine continued their deaths became more frequent, fo that after a few days more, out of thirty-feven dogs that drew the fled of M. de Leffeps, only twenty-three remained. At length, when every thing catable was confumed, he arrived at a place called Posftarefk, which unfortunately was fo wretched a village that no fresh fupply was to be cbtained from it. Mellengers had been difpatched for provifions in feveral directions; but while he waited the event of their endeavours, death made the most terrible havock among the dogs.

"In the mean time," fays he, "our dogs had been unbarn-fied for the purpofe of tying them up by couples as ufual. As foon as they were faftened to the poft, they fell upon the cords and harness, and in a moment the whole was devoured. In wain were attempts made to flop them; the greater part made their efcape into the country, where they wandered about, eating every thing their teeth could tear. Every moment fome died, and immediately became prey to the others, who rushed ravenously upon the dead carcaffes, and tore them to pieces: every joint was contended for by a band of rivals, who attacked the first poffeffor with fury. If he fell overpowered by numbers, he became in his turn the object of a new combat. To the horror of witneffing this fcene, fucceeded the fad fpectacle of all thofe that befieged the jourt in which we lived. They were

In the neighbourhood of a place called Tolbatchina M. de Leffeps ob ferved two volcanes, neither of which emitted fire, but conftant volumes of Imoke. There is a third adjacent to the village Klufchefkaia: but the intervention of a confiderable mountain hid it entirely from his view. From thence he makes a digreffion to visit Njenei-Kantfchatka, the capital of the peninfula, and in his way has an opportunity of obferving the third volcano. It conftantly emits flames, which feem to burft forth from the midft of the fnow that covers the mountain to its very fummit. At Nijenei he met with feveral Japanese, of whofe adventures, dre's, and manners, he gives a detail that is both curicus and interefting. In profecuting his journey through this inhofpitable climate our traveller was fometimes flopped by violent ftorms, and fometimes delayed by the dread of others; but at length he reached Karagui, the laft village of the peniniuia of Kamafchatka. After his departure thence, and his entering the country all moft lamentably lean, and could of the Koriaks, his difficulties grew greater; the want of villages obliged him to pafs the nights in the open country, and in the midst of the fnow, his ftock of provifions being at the fame time fo flender as only to afford one meal a-day,while that of his canine cattle was fo much reduced, that, receiving only a fourth of their ufual

fcarcely ftir. Their plaintive and continual howling feemed to beg us to aflift them, and to reproach us with our want of ability to do fo. Several that fuffered as much from cold as hunger, approached the external opening in the roof of the yourt, that gives paffage to the fmoke; the more they felt the heat the nearer they drew, till

at

at length, either through weakness or hunger, they fell into the fire before our eyes."

feps took the few dogs that remained alive to profecute his journey; and he concludes his firft volume by taking leave of his companion M. de Kaf

At laft one of the meffengers returned with an ample fupply of loff. whale's flesh and oil. M. de Lef

[To be continued.]

Tranflation of the Addrefs prefented to the National Affembly by the Jews refid ing at Paris.

MY LORDS,

THE HE Jews refiding at Paris, penetrated with admiration and refpect at beholding the multiplied acts of Juftice which proceed from the National Affembly, are emboldened to flatter themfelves that their fate would not efcape your forefight, and that they also fhou'd finally feel the happy effects of your wisdom; and they take the liberty to come and depofit, in the midft of this auguft Af fembly, the anticipated homage of their gratitude, and the folemn teftimony of their patriotic devotedness.

Abafed until now in the opinion of the world, diftreffed on all fides, perfecuted on account of our name, with which they feemed to reproach us; outcafts from fociety, and fharing none of its advantages, although the common taxes have been levied on us: fuch has been our destiny in this Empire, and fuch is that of all our brethren in almost all the countries of the Univerfe, over which they are difperfed. That terrible and inceffant perfecution to which we have been given up, has never made us forget that fubmiffion was the chief of our duties. We have borne all without a murmur, we have groaned without complaining, and the kingdom has never been disturbed by our cries for redrefs; and this long refignation on our part, is, perhaps, my Lords, the moft authentic proof that we are at length deferving of a better fate.

Without doubt, and we delight

in the thought, your justice did not require to be folicited, nor anticipated by our withes. In reftoring to Man his primitive dignity, in re-establish ing him in the enjoyment of his rights, you did not mean to make any diftinction between one man and another; this title belongs to us, as well as to the other Members of Society, and the rights which are derived from thence fhould belong to us equally.

This is the confequence, my Lords, fo cheering to us, which refults from the fundamental principles which you have juft eftablished. Thus are we certain from henceforward to have a new existence, and different from that to which we have until now been doomed. In this Empire, which is our native country, the title of Man fecures us that of Citizen andthe title of Citizen will give us all the rights of the City, and all the ivil faculties which wefee arcenjoyed around about us, by the Members of that Society of which we form a part.

But in order to prevent any equivocal conftruction being put on it, and that the long oppreffion to which we have been victims may not ferve as a pretext(in the eyes of fome individuals) to opprefs us ftill; and that the people (the courfe of whofe ideas it is often difficult to change) may, by the confidence they have in your Decrees, relinquish at once the habit which they have contracted, of re

garding

garding us, as we may fay, like ftrangers to the French Nation, and unworthy to have any other existence, we are come, my Lords, to intreat you to make a particular mention of the Jewish Nation in your Decrees, and alfo to render facred our title and onr rights as Citizens.

That fubmifion to the laws, of which we have given fo invariable an example, our ardent love for the Monarch, the pacifick character of our Nation, the folemn oath which we have taken to facrifice always our lives and fortunes for the public good, all affure us that our prayers will not be in vain, and that our defires will be heard with attention.

We have a Religion different from that established in France-we are attached to that Religion but that fame attachment speaks in our favour. It is our bond this day; it is a fecurity that we shall be faithful to our oath; for an attachment to a worship, whatever it be, has far more falutary effects than indifference. Our Religion fhall be our guide in all the actions of our life---it will be as a curb in the midst of paffions which might lead us aftray--and if in our hands Religion is not the cause of difcord and diffention to Society, it will be ftill more profitable for that Society to leave us in poffeffion of our Religion, than to fee us indifferent in obferving its ceremonies.

But the past ought to be an earnest of the future-we never have, nor do we difturb Society in the leaft by the peaceable exercife of our Religion. We fhall be from henceforward, what we have always been, and ftill

are.

Our fole object rules and animates all our fouls, the good of our country, and a defire of dedicating to it all our ftrength. In that refpect, we will not yield to any inhabitant of Frauce; we will difpute the plan with all the Citizens for zeal, courage, and

patriotifm. We fo much defire to render ourselves worthy of that title with which we are to be invested, and we are fo well convinced of the neceffity which all the inhabitants of a great Empire are under of fubmitting themfelves to an uniform fyftem of police and jurifprudence; that we ask to fubmit ourselves in common with other Frenchmen to the fame juris prudence, the fame police, and the fame tribunals; and that we, therefore, in confideration of the public good, and our own advantage, always fubfervient to the general intereft, do, in confequence, renounce the privilege which had been granted us of having particular rulers chofen from amongst us, and approved of by the Government.

Deign, my Lords, to accept this formal renunciation, which we make into your hands.

Deign to remember the oath which we have taken to facrifice, in every inftance, our lives and fortunes for the glory of the Nation and of the King..

Deign, laftly, to intereft yourselves in our fate, and explain folemnly what it ought to be, and refcue us, for ever, from the perfecution to have which we been too long condemned.

Such, my Lords, are the objects we have to fet before the eyes of the National Affembly. Perhaps they require to be treated of more fully, but we thought that a plain ftatement was fufficient. Your zeal and humanity affure us, that you will weigh our demands and rights with an at-' tention worthy of thofe duties which you have impofed on yourselves.

To raife as to the rank of Citizens, and to give us un Etat civil, is only an act of juftice; nevertheless we wish to confider it as a favour. We will publish it every where with gratitude, our brethren difperfed over the face of the earth fhall partake of that gratitude

with

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Reflections on the Affair at Verfailles on the 6th of October 1789.

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(Signed)

J. GOLDSCHMIL, Prefident, AB. LOPES LAGOUNA, V. P. M. WEIL, Elector.

with us. Soon, like us, they will be called to another fate; for it is graned to your wildon, my Lords, to have an influence not only over this Empire, but over the furrounding J. BENJAMIN, Elector. nations, who contemplate and admire. J. FERNANDES, Elector. you at this inftant. What bleflings MARDOCHE LEVI, Deputy. are referved to thofe juft and hu- LAZARD JACOB, Deputy. mane men, who through the whole TRENELLE, Senior, Deputy. world, fhall have preferved the Jews MARDOCHE ELIE, Deputy. from perfecution, and made them Jos. PEREYRA BRANDON, Deputy. Citizens. DELCAMPO, junior, Deputy.

380

Remarks on the behaviour of the populace to the King and Queen of France on the 6th October 1789*.

Y

IELDING to reafons, at leaft as forcible as thofe which were to fo delicately urged in the compliment. on the new year, the king of France will probably endeavour to forget thefe events, and that compliment. But history, who keeps a durable record of all our acts, and exercises her awful cenfure over the proceedings of all forts of fovereigns, will not forget, either thofe events, or the era of this liberal refinement in the intercourse of mankind. Hiftory will record, that on the morning of the 6th of October 1789, the king and queen of France, after a day of confufion, alarm, difmay, aud flaughter, lay down, under the pledged fecurity of public faith, to induige nature in a few hours of refpite, and troubled melancholy repofe. From this fleep, the queenwas first startled by the voice of the centinel at her door, who cried out to her, to fave herself by flight that this was the laft proof of fidelity he could give---that they were up on him, aud he was dead. Inftantly he was cut down. A band of cruel ruffians and affaffins, reeking with his blood, rushed into the chamber of the queen, and pierced with an hundred ftrokes of bayonets and poniards the bed, from whence this perfecuted woman had but just time 3 C VOL. XII. No. 72.

to ay almoft naked, and through ways unknown to the murderers had efcaped to feek refuge at the feet of a king and husband, not fecure of his own life for a moment.

This king, to fay no more of him, and this queen, and their infant children (who once would have been the pride and hope of a great and generous people) were then forced to abandon the fanctuary of the most fplendid palace in the world, which they left fwimming in blood, polluted by maffacre, and ftrewed with fcattered limbs and mutilated carcafès. Thence they were conducted into the capital of their kingdom. Two had been felected from the uprovoked, unrefifted, promifcuous flaughter, which was was made of the gentlemen of birth and family who compofed the king's body guard. These two gentlemen, with all the parade of an execution of justice, were cruelly and publicly dragged to the block, and beheaded in the great court of the palace. Their heads were stuck upon fpears, and led the proceffion; whilst the royal captives who followed in the train were flowly moved along, amidst the horrid yells, and fhrilling fcreams, and frantic dances, and infamous contumelies, and all the unutterable abominations of the

* From Burke's Reflections on the Revolution in France,

furies

furies of hell, in the abufed fhape of the vileft of women. After they had been made to tafte, drop by drop, more than the bitterness of death, in the flow torture of a journey of twelve miles, protracted to fix hours, they were, under a guard, compofed of thofe very foldiers who had thus conducted them through this famous triumph, lodged in one of the old palaces of Paris, now converted into a Baftile for kings.

Is this a triumph to be confecrated at altars? to be commemorated with grateful thanksgiving? to be offered to the divine humanity with fervent prayer and enthufiaftick ejaculation? Thefe Theban and Thracian Orgies, acted in France, and applauded only in the old Jewry, I affure you, kindle prophetic enthusiasm in the minds but of very few people in this kingdom; although a faint and apofile, who may have revelations of his own, and who has fo completely vanquished all the mean fuperftitions of the heart, may incline to think it pious and decorous to compare it with the entrance into the world of the Prince of Peace, proclaimed in an holy temple by a venerable fage, and not long before not worfe announced by the voice of angels to the quiet innocence of hep herds.

At first I was at a lofs to account for this fit of unguarded tranfport. I knew, indeed, that the fufferings of monarchs make a delicious repaft to Tome fort of plates. There were reflexions which might ferve to keep this appetite within fome bounds of temperance. But when I took one circumstance into my confideration, I was obliged to confefs, that much allowance ought to be made for the Society, and that the temptation was too strong for common difcretion; mean, the circumftance of the Io Paan of the triumph, the animating éry which called "for all the Bishops to be hanged on the lamp-pofts,", might well have brought forth a burft

enthufiafm on the forefeen confe

quences of this happy day. I allow to fo much enthusiasm fome little deviation from prudence. I allow this prophet to break forth into hymns of joy and thanksgiving on an event which appears like the precurfor of the Millenium, and the projected fifth monarchy, in the deftruction of all church establishments. There was, however (as in all human affairs there is) in the midst of this joy fomething to exercise the patience of these worthy gentlemen, and to try the lor fuffering of their faith. The actual murder of the king and queen, and their child, was wanting to the other aufpicious circumstances of this "beau tiful day"

The actual murder of the bishops, though called for by fo many holy ejaculations, was alfo wanting. A groupe of regicide and facrilegious flaughter, was indeed boldly fketched, but it was only fketched. It unhappily was left unfinished. in this great hiftory-piece of the maffacre of innocents. What hardy pencil of a great mafler, from the fchool of the rights of men, will finish it, is to be feen hereafter. The age has not yet the compleat benefit of that diffufion of knowledge that has unde mined fuperftition and error; and the king of France wants another object or two to confign to oblivion, in confideration of all the good which is to arife from his own fufferings, and the patriotic crimes of an enlightened age.

Although this work of our new light and knowledge, did not go to the length, that in all probability it was intended it fhould be carried; yet I mult think, that fuch treatment of any human creatures must be shocking to any but those who are made for accomplishing Revolutions. But I cannot ftop here. Influenced by the inborn feelings of my nature, aud not being illuminated by a fingle ray of this new-fprung modern light, I confefs to you, Sir, that the exalted rank of the perfons fuffering, and par ticularly the fex, the beauty, and the amiable qualitics of the defcendant of

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