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den of the Exchange at Calais; and appointed fifty Gentlemen to be Spear-men, each of them to have an Archer, a Demy Lance, and a Chrystal; and every Spear-man to have three great Horfe-men Attendants on his Person, of which Band the Earl of Effex was conftituted Lieutenant, and Sir John Pechie Captain But this Band did not hold long, being, fomewhat like the late King of Prussia's tall Grenidiers, very expenfive to maintain, and of little or no Ufe.

Countess of

Richmond's
Death and

Character.

Some time after the King's Coronation, Margaret, Countefs of Richmond and Derby, the King's Grandmother, died, much lamented by the King and the whole Court. This Princefs was fo remarkable for her extenfive Charity, that the Publick, by her Death, sustained a very great Lofs.

Cambridge, in particular, will for ever honour her Memory, where the founded two Colleges for that

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By GEORGE CAVENDISH, Efq;

came to fetch away their Stuff, they would account for the • Gentlemen's Costs the Day be• fore.

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Thus the Emperor enter'tained the Cardinal and his Train, during the Time of his Embaffy. And, that done, he returned into England with great Triumph, being no lefs in Eftimation with the King • than he was before, but rather

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'much more, for he increafed

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daily in the King's Favour, by 'reafon of his Wit and Readi'ness to do the King Pleasure in all Things.

In the one and twentieth • Year of King Henry the VIIIth's Reign, Anno Dom. 1529, this Emperor, Charles the Vth, came into England, 'who was nobly entertained.

CHA P. VII.

Of the Manner of his Going to Westminster-Hall.

N

OW muft I declare the Manner of his going to Wefminfter-Hall in the • Term Time. First, when he came out of his Privy Cham

ber, he most commonly heard two Maffes in his Chapel or • Chamber. And I heard one of his Chaplains fay fince, (that was a Man of Credit, and exD 2 ⚫cellent

University; the one dedicated to our Saviour Chrift, and the other to St. John, and endowed them both with large Revenues, Befides Officers and Servants, there are 200 Students maintained in them. She left likewife Lands to both Universities, out of the Rents whereof, two Doctors, Profeffors of Divinity, annually receive Allowances. She was buried near her Son Henry the VIIth, according to the Dignity of fo great a Perfon, in a fair Tomb of Touchstone, whereon lies her Image of gilt Brass. She had no Iffue by the Earl of Derby, her fecond Husband, who died in the Year 1504.

Fisher, Bishop of Rochester, preached her Funeral Sermon, and threw these Flowers upon her Grave.

Concerning her Birth, that she was the Daughter of John Duke of Somerfet, lineally defcended from the most noble Prince Edward the IIId, King of England. That fhe was a fecond Martha, both for her Hofpitality and Readiness to do Good; would often

6

The SECRET HISTORY of the CARDINAL,

cellent Learning) that, what

• Business foever the Cardinal

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had in the Day-time, he never went to-bed with any part of his Service unfaid; no, not fo much as one Collect, in which I think he deceived many a Man. Then, going into his Chamber again, he demanded of fome of his Servants, if they were in readiness, and had furnished his Chamber of Prefence, and waiting Chamber; he then, being advertised, came out of his Pri

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Chamber about eight of the Clock, ready apparelled, and in red like a Cardinal, his upper Vesture was all of Scarlet, or else of fine Crimson Taffata, or Crimson Sattin in

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grained, his Pillion of Scarlet, with a black Velvet Tippet of Sables about his Neck, holding in his Hand an Orange, the "Meat or Subitance thereof being taken out, and filled again with a part of Sponge, with Vinegar and other Confections against peftilent Airs, the which he moft commonly held to his 'Nofe when he came to the Pref fes, or when he was pestered with many Suitors: And be'fore him was borne the broad Seal of England, and the Cardinal's Hat, by fome Lords, or fome Gentlemen of Worfhip right folemnly; and as foon as he was entered into his • Chamber of Presence, where there were daily attending on

often dress the Wounds of poor People with her own Hands, with many other manual Acts of Charity, frequently performed by the greatest Perfonages in thofe Days, tho' now much neglected, And, which was very extraordinary, when a Propofal was made for divers Princes to join in a War against the common Enemy of the Christian Faith, this Princess, to encourage them in fo glorious an Expedition, offered even herfelf to attend them as a Laundrefs.

The following Epitaph, compofed by Erafmus, was infcribed upon her Tomb.

MARGARETAE. RICHE
MONDIAE. SEPTIMI. HEN-
RICI. MATRI. OCTAVI. AVI-

AE. QUAE. STIPENDIA.
CONSTITVIT. TRIB. HOC.
COENOBIO. MONACHIS.
ET. DOCTORI. GRAMMATI-
CES. APVD. WYMBORN.
PERQ: ANGLIAM TOTAM.
DIVINI, VERBI. PRÆCONI.

DVOB. ITEM. INTERPRAE-
TIB LITERAR: SACRAR:
ALTERI. OXONIIS. AL-
TERI. CANTABRIGIAE

VBI. ET. COLLEGIA. DVO.

CHRISTO. ET. JOANNI.

DISCIPVLO. EIVS. STRVXIT,
MORITVR.

AN. DOMINI
M.D.IX.III. KAL. JVLII.
This

By GEORGE CAVENDISH, Efq;

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⚫ when he was mounted, his two • Crofs-bearers, his two Pillar

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bearers, all upon great Horfes, all in fine Scarlet; then he 'marched on with a Train of Gentry, having four Foot-men about him, bearing every one of them a Pole-ax in his Hand; and thus paffed he forth till he came to Westminster, and there alighted and went in this Manner up to the Chancery, and ftaid a while at a Bar, made for him beneath the Chancery, and there he 'communed fometimes with Judges, and fometimes with other Perfons, and then went up to the Chancery, and fat there till eleven of the Clock,

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This Princess was a great Encourager both of Religious and Learned Men, and from time to time preferred them in her Family, and afterwards recommended them to her Son Henry the VIIth, who generally indulged her Requests. Among them Hugh Oldham, Dr. in Divinity, and one of this Princefs's Chaplains, was preferred to the See of Exeter; and of her Will he made Sir John St. John and others Executors, who faithfully executed the Truft reposed in them,

Sir John was of a very antient Family, being paternally defcended from the Ports, Lords of Bafing in Hampshire, who were great Barons at the Time of the Conqueft; and by maternal Defcent he derived the Sur-name of St. John, in lineal Succeffion from William de St. John, and entered England with William (by fome called) the Conqueror.

*

Sir John's Mother, Margaret, the Relict of Sir Oliver St. John, married John Beaufort, Duke of So

6

6

The SECRET HISTORY of the CARDINAL,

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to hear Suits, and to deter-fort to the Court, being at mine Caufes; and from thence he would go into the Starchamber as Occafion ferved him; he neither spared High nor Low, but did judge one according unto

every

• Right.

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Every Sunday he would re

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'Greenwich, with his former rehearfed Train and Triumph, taking his Barge at his own Stairs, furnished with Yeomen ftanding upon the Sails, and his Gentlemen within and a'bout, and landed at the Three • Cranes in the Vine-tree, and • from

* From this Gentleman, Henry Lord Viscount St. John, Lord St. John of Bletfo, and Sir Francis St. John, Bart. are descended. The first named Lord ferved his Country in Parliament for the space of 21 Years, and was, on the 2d of July, in the 2d of K. Geo. I. created Baron St. John of Battersea, and Viscount St. John.

Henry, his eldeft Son by his firft Lady, was a Gentleman of fo great Learning and fprightly Parts, that he had but few Equals in the Kingdom; and, having diftinguifh'd himself in the House of Commons, was made Secretary of War, and one of the Privy

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merfet, by whom she had Margaret, Countefs of Richmond, Mother to Henry the VIIth, who conferred on him the Honour of Knighthood. Sir John died beyond Sea the first of Sept. in the fourth Year of Henry the VIIIth.

The King's

Fame, &c. Spread.

The Fame of the young King's Courage, and Magnanimity of Temper was now fpread abroad, which foon drew over to England a great Concourfe of learned Men from different Parts of the World, with Expectations to partake of the King's Liberality and Generofity; among whom the famous Erafmus was not wanting. And the reigning Princes of Europe as ufual, on his Majefty's Acceffion to the Throne, fent Ambaffadors to compliment him, and renew feverally the Treaties of Alliance and Commerce, fubfifting between them and the late King his Father.

On the other hand, the King fent Ministers abroad to the feveral Courts, to notify his Acceffion to the Throne

By GEORGE CAVENDISH, Efq;

from thence he rode upon his Mule with his Croffes, his Pillars, his Hat, and his broad • Seal carried before him on • Horfeback along Thames-ftreet, until he came to Billingate, and there he took his Barge, and fo went to Greenwich, where he was nobly enter

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'tained of the Lords in the King's House, being there with Staves in their Hands, as the Treafurer, Comptroller, with 'many others, and conveyed into the King's Chamber, and fo went home again in the like Triumph.

CHAP.

Council, by her late Majesty Queen Anne; fome time after he was made Secretary of State, and on the 17th of July, 1712, he was created a Baron, and alfo Viscount Bolingbroke; but, in the rft of K. Geo. I. he retired Abroad, and his Honours were forfeited by his Attainder. However, his Lordship has obtained fo much Favour, by Act of Parliament, 12 K. Geo. I. notwithstanding his Attainder, to enjoy certain Eftates, &c. in Great Britain, and which likewife permitted him (after he had continued several Years in Foreign Parts) to return to his native Country, where we wish he may enjoy the Sweets of a quiet Retreat from the troublesome Affairs of State,

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