light upon these federative republics,' 'these general assemblies,' or these Devins,' out of your own antique records, so that the wavering consciences of the alumni academici may be at ease? The case on your part is astoundingly hopeless-beyond the mortified control of classic pride and vanity.

“Hope withered, fled—and Mercy sighed farewell."

The sixty-first triad of the social state,' inter plurimas, dares to beard the lion in his den,' Assyrian, Mede, or Perse, as well as Greek or Roman in his hall, without a scratch, without a flaw, as Daniel did of yore.

The sense and interpretation of this triad fully explains the question at issue," according to the privileges of the country and the nation of the Cymry." Do not forget that this aboriginal, national, root has precisely the same signification with that of Cimmerians, though apart in distant lands. "Cystal naill ac y llall," or, "things equal the same, are equal to each other."

I cannot, therefore, do better than give you ocular, or, rather, auricular proof, and repeat the triad in all its explanatory integrity, so that you may hear, and afterwards read, mark, and digest, at your own leisure, its full force and importance as an indispensable adjunct, or handmaid, to a one-sided and a half-fed history.

"There are three sessions of the Cymry, by the right of country and clan:

"1.—The session of the bards of the isle of Britain; the dignity and privileges whereof arise from its wisdom and constitution, and the necessity for it; or, according to other learned instructors (from Europe or Asia), from its wisdom, constitution, and intent. The proper privilege and office of the session of bards is to maintain, preserve, and give sound instruction in religion, science, and morality (in the original syberward); to preserve the memory of the laudable acts of individuals or clans; of the events of the times, and the extraordinary phenomena of nature; of wars, and regulations of country or clan; their retaliations on their enemies, and victories over them; also, faithfully to preserve the memories of pedigrees, marriages, liberal descent, privileges and duties of the Cymry (Cimmerii); and, when required by the other sessions, to publish what is necessary and obligatory in the legal form of notice and proclamation. Farther than this, by office or privilege, the session of bards is not obliged to concern itself. The bards, therefore, are the authorised instructors of the Cymry (Cimmerians), of country or clan, having full privileges, more extensive than the common right of Cymry by birth, viz, (in addition to) five acres of ground free; also, each is entitled to

a gratuity as due to his profession. (These professions are specified in the Institutional Triads of Bardism).

"2.-The second is the session of country and territory (the same as 'Gorsedd Gwlad ae Arglwydd '), that is, a session of judicature and legal decision, for the intent of justice and security to country and clan (or the community generally, or individually), and their retainers and tenantry. For the departments of these several sessions are these: that of the session of general assembly to make laws when necessary, and confirm them in country and dependency (gwlad a chywlad), which cannot be done without the concurrence of the dependency; the session of judicature decides on infractions of the law, and punishes them; and the session of bards teaches useful sciences, judges concerning them, and preserves the memory of family concerns regularly and truly; and neither of the three is to oppose pretensions of its own, in derogation of either of them, but on the contrary, each should confirm, and cooperate with, the other two amicably.

"3. The third session is that of the general constitutional assembly, the general and especial object whereof is to make such alterations for the better in the laws, or such new laws of country and district as may be necessary; by consent (gan raith cywlad) taken in the districts of the chiefs or clans, men of wisdom, and the sovereign paramount. The severeign paramount, or sovereign head of the government, is the lineal heir in the eldest line of descent of the kings or princes of the district, and in him the authority rests, and his determination is without appeal as the authority of the country."

Having, thus, from this general aspect, seen and investigated the primitive condition of Telmessus, in the days of its Druidical celebrity, amidst scenes of action replete with social life, of neighbouring federative republics and of general constitutional assemblies that would not reflect discredit on the proudest, haughtiest realms of earth; let us ascertain what can be gleaned from modern travel concerning it.

For this purpose I must adduce a witness from the cherished cloistered rooms of dearest Alma Mater-the distinguished Professor Clarke, of Cambridge, who will be able to supply us with some interesting information respecting its actual, desolate, but grandiose prostration on the field of time.

But his remarks shall not cross the threshold of my homely page before I have curtly drawn a friendly thrust of arms with him, and others of his school, who never cease from day to day, in all the works and shade-like wings of thought, in verse and prose, to give, impute-to ponderous mass of boasting, selfish, faultless, giant, blustering, frames! or weighty, gross, repulsive, ox-like, Cyclops-flesh!-the grand monopoly of mind, of art, of

will, and deed, in point of antique temples, shrines, and pyramids, or sacred caves of earth; as well as by implication to accord the lion's share' of other faculties as yet untold, or, perhaps, undreamt of in their vague philosophy.

"The monsters of earth,' and of fire,
"Chant only one hymn, and expire
"With the song's irresistible stress :
Expire in their rapture and wonder,
"As harp-strings are broken asunder

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"By music they throb to express."

This enamoured mystic school of Cyclopean art (so called) seems heedless to forget the heaven-born law of equal or exclusive gifts to none of Adam's race, as sons of men; of men, as men of varied stature, in the sense of either Gog, or Magog, or Goliath, or of David, Solomon, or Hiram, in the works assigned to each; or, again, in him, and those, who planned and built the "Corucesion' cavern of the Thames; or in him, and those, that schemed and forged the vast Chalybian iron cave, floating, as an aerial monster, on the wings of might, above the vapoured wrath of ocean fleets, across the Menai Straits; or, thirdly, in that contracted class of human size whose agency would, according to the formula, or fantastic rules laid down, be at once curtailed, by a borrowed' side-wind' of gigantic blast,

"As if dropped from some higher sphere

"To tell us of the gorgeous splendour there,"

or, would also be debarred from any notable participation in reference to the laws of mind,' as essence of the will divine' in man, as passing tenant of his god-like tabernacled home, to carry out, with the talents meted out to each, the aim and end of all created life, as evidenced in the logic of a bardic Watts, or in the rare and sound attainments, in classic lore, of good Professor Scholefield.

"The tidal wave of deeper souls
"Into our inmost being rolls,

"And lifts us unawares

"Out of all meaner cares."

No man, therefore, has a right to arrogate, on the behoof of one or other class, "yngwhyneb haul a llygad goleuni,' any exclusive claims or privileges of prescriptive mental superiority over his fellow man; either by virtue of, or in proportion to the accidental realities' of a maximum, a medium, or a minimum scale, from the rudis indigestaque moles' of a giant, or a Cyclops, down to a lady's graceful form of person and of foot.

Judge not, then, the present from the fickle stages of the past or the intervening mystic scenes of one or other, as criteria of primeval minds, parallel in science or in art. There is, there

was, there e'er will be in man, whate'er his coloured size may be, as in the ocean wave of a nation's life, a never-rippling ebb and flow of retrograding change, one while over another, as of evil over good, of virtue over vice, of idoled gods in shape of patronheroes, or of patron-saints, above His name in Jah,' of mental and artistic skill over grovelling forms of earth and barbaric depths of ignorance without shame, as chartered in the scale of time, of human weakness or of might.

"The end crowns all,

"And that old common arbitrator, Time,
"Will one day end it!"

Forget not, then, the vital spark of heavenly flame' issuing from eternal love, to dwell in 'frames' below by God's command, in infant man, in order thus to urge mankind to feel, believe, adopt, and act upon, another truth on the tablet of the memory, before its exit in eternal space, a cognate truth, as patent, if not as potent, as the first, that mind, and mind well taught and trained, in giant, canolddyn, or mannikin, becomes the sterling coin, the pearl of price, the envied standard of a man.

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"Explore the dark recesses of the mind,

"In that soul's honest volume read mankind,
"And own, in wise and simple, great and small,
"The same great leading principle in all.”

The Professor now shall give us the impressions of his thoughts; and adhered to, possibly, by the Toλo of mankind. Everything at Telmessus is Cyclopean; a certain vastness of proportion, as in the walls of Tirynthus and Crotona, excites a degree of admiration, which is mingled with awe. The kings of Caria and of Lycia have left behind them monuments defying the attacks of time, and barbarians. Some of the stones used in the construction of the theatre are nine feet long, three feet wide, and two feet thick; three immense portals, not unlike the ruins of Stonehenge, conducted to the arena. The stones which compose these gates are yet larger than those mentioned. The central gateway consists of only five, and the two others of three, cach placed in the most simple style of architecture."

Thus the learned Professor, and other historical travellers, unconsciously supply important evidence to the artistical and mechanical powers of the grand Cimmerian family in the gloomy shades of lost illumination.

“Shrine of the mighty! can it be
"That this is all remains of thee!"

But, with sorrow be it said, the principle of honour to whom honour is duc' is wrested from it by plagiaristic wiles. The tulit alter honores innovation is renewed throughout the classic world,

as a purely gigantic, or Cyclopean, emanation of one or other age, so as to exclusively ignore other portions of mankind less massive in corporeal might, though direct proofs and countless allusions to an 'aurea mediocritas' of human stature, to mathematical sciences applied in Druidical works of stupendous dimensions, are found throughout the records of the bards, as in the 88th triad.

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Tair gorchwyl gadarn Yns Prydain.

1.-Codi maen Cetti.

2.-Adeilaw Gwaith Emrys.

3.-A thyrru Cludair Gyfrangon.

"The three mighty labours of the Isle of Britain."

1. In the mechanical elevation of maen cetti, literally, a stonewood structure, which I conceive to represent a "cemmaes," or campasfa," a kind of circle for games; of which the walls were composed of blocks of hewn stones, with a superstructure of timber, with its "rhesi o eisteddfaau," or rows of seats; its "ffor," or passage between each; its "carch," a restraint, and other concomitant paraphernalia in such establishments. Archdeacon Williams, however, whose opinions in such matters are held deservedly high, avers that a secret, or sacred chamber, the sanctum sanctorum Druidum, can be detected in a part of the building answering the description given of an adytum by Pausanias, Cæsar, Cicero, and Sallust. Fragmental portions of this Druidical pre-historic relic are still discernible in Kent, in what is vulgarly called "Kitt's cotty-house."

2. In the construction, at Stonehenge, of the enormous edifices of Emrys, a cognate term with Rees, Rhys, Rhos-us of the Deffrobanian line of Trechu-an kings or princes.

3. In the accumulation of the tumuli, or pile of Cyfrangon. I am unable to point out this locality. Fragmental examples, however, of some may still be found in South Wales, and other portions of Britain.

All these facts, and others of like import, tend but to bid defiance, proud and loud, to every wind and wave of doctrine, or hurricanes of scornful ribald repartees, broached against the ageworn force and tenor of each triad clause, by Brobdinag style of men, who have, as snakes before the charmer, allowed themselves to be ensnared—or, alas! like tale-believing boys at mental night, before ideal beings of the nursery-by horrid cobwebbed fictions of an Arges, Brontes, or other Steropean monsters of Virgilian brains, so as thereby to vaunt unearthly claims; or, 'mid the lost domain of art and megalithic shrines, pander to