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ARTICLE XXXIX.

Of a Christian man's Oath.

As we confess that vain and rash Swearing is forbidden Christian men by our Lord Jesus Christ, and James his Apostle, so we judge, that Christian Religion doth not prohibit but that a man may swear when the Magistrate requireth, in a cause of faith and charity, so it be done according to the Prophet's teaching, in justice, judgment, and truth.

De Jurejurando.

Quemadmodum juramentum vanum et temerarium a Domino nostro Jesu Christo, et Apostolo ejus Jacobo, Christianis hominibus interdictum esse fatemur; ita Christianorum religionem minime prohibere censemus, quin jubente Magistratu in causa fidei et charitatis jurare liceat, modo id fiat juxta prophetæ doctrinam, in justitia, in judicio, et veritate.

What kind of swearing does this Article condemn? What does it allow? What are here meant by "faith and charity 1?" What is the Prophet's teaching here referred to? (Jer. iv. 2.) What sects have held that all oaths are unlawful"?

What is an oaths? What precepts of Scripture forbid vain and rash swearing? (Exod. xx. 7;

Matth. v. 34, &c.; James v. 12.)

1 Faith here means simply the business of establishing the credit of any thing; and charity includes any good and Christian motive.

2 The Anabaptists at the time when the Articles were drawn up, and the Quakers now.

3 An appeal to God to be witness to what you are saying.

Does it appear from the Old Testament that oaths were allowed in causes of faith and charity'? Is the same thing sanctioned in the New? Repeat Mark viii. 12. What is the Greek version of the words "there shall be no sign, &c.?" Did our Lord object to take the oath when it was administered to Him in the palace of the high priest? What instances do the Epistles furnish us with, of solemn appeals made to God? (Rom. i. 9; 2 Cor. xi. 31; Gal. i. 20, &c.)

What kind of swearing does our Lord condemn in Matth. v. 34*? Repeat James v. 12. What is meant by the expression "any other oath3 ?”

What three directions does the Prophet give with regard to the taking of an oath? In what form of words is the oath administered in our Courts of Justice??

Evidence from Antiquity. Shew from St. Cyril of Alexandria, that a Christian man's oath

1 See Genesis xxi. 23; xxvi. 28; Lev. v. 1, &c.

2 Ei dolnoεraι onμɛiov, &c., which was the regular form of an oath. See Matthew xxvi. 63, 64.

3 The words Thou hast said were the Eastern mode of affirmation.

4 Vain and rash swearing in common conversation, as is evident from the context.

5 Any other oath of that kind, such as those just enumerated. 6 It must be taken in truth, so as not to swear falsely; in judgment, so as not to swear ignorantly; and in righteousness, so as not to swear unjustly.

7 The witness pledges himself to speak the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth.

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