The ending of the Accusative Plural of I-nouns fluctuate
MSS. between is and es, the form is prevailing.

Cometimes fou

use the Verg.). words Te

the in such words as Plato, Macedo, Antiphetimes have but Nepos retains n in Cimon, Conon, Dion, Timoncas, Naiad Apollo Apollin- (Gr. 'AroλAwr-), draco dracon- (G; Macedon

alybon for C Martial epig matorum, t

Accusative Singular (Greek a, »).

Prose writers, rarely poets, latinise this Case by using the Latin ending m lampadem, tyrannidem, Phrygem, Paridem, Osirim. But the Greek a is used in some words by both: aethera (always), aera (rarely-em). Cicero writes Pana, hebdomada: and in poetry names of persons and places in a abound: Agamemnonă, Hectoră, Palladă, Phyllidă, Babylōnă, Salamină, &c.; likewise appellatives: heroă, Cyclopă, lampadă, tyrannidă, aegidă, &c.

Names in is fluctuate between the formations im in and ĭdem idă. Patronymics: Briseis, Nais, Nereis, Aeneis, &c., and many Female names, Amaryllis, Phyllis, &c. have ida: but exceptions occur; Alcestin, Mart.; Isin, Ov.; Irim, Verg., &c. On Nouns in is im (in) see p. 104.

Names in ēs ēti- (or ēs, ï-) also fluctuate. From Dares Daren, Daretă (Verg.), Daretem: Chremes, Chremem (en) and Chremetem (a); Thales, Thalen and Thaletem (@).

Similarly Gen. Sing. ētis and is.

Many names in es have Acc. S. em (en): Socratem (en); Xerxem (en): others em only : Aristotelem, Cic.

Names in cles have em or ča, rarely en: Pericles, Periclem or Periclea: rarely Periclēn.

Of Names in eus see the Decl. below.

See also the Syllabus of Cons. Nouns.

Genitive Singular.

Poets often use Gr. -os for is: Pallados, Thetidos, Peleŏs. A Gen. in 1 is taken by many Names in eus, ēs.

See Table of Declension.

Dative Singular.

The short is sometimes found in poetry: Daphnidi, Palladı. Nominative Plural.

Poets sometimes use the Greek es: Arcades, Phryges, Naiades, Erinyes (Verg.).

The Neuter Plural words Tempe, cete, melē, pelage (e for ea) are occasionally found.

Accusative Plural.

Prose writers sometimes have as: Arcadas, Cyclopas, Cic.; Senonas, &c., Caes.; Macedonas, Liv. Poets often as heroǎs, lampadǎs, lyncăs, Naiadăs, Nereidas, Erinyǎs.

Genitive Plural.

Catullus has Chalybōn for Chalybum; Curtius Malieōn for Maliensium; Martial epigrammatōn for epigrammatum : but Cic. has poematorum, transferring the word to Decl. 2. Dat. Abl. Plural.

The Greek ending sť (sťn) is very rarely used by poets: Troǎsin, Dryǎsin, Charlsin, Lemniăsin, Ov.

Nouns in mă are declined in the Plural after Decl. 2: Cic. uses poematis, aenigmatis, emblematis, &c.

I

Greek
Table.

ix. Greek Table.

(Greek Endings italic.)

I) Consonant Stems. See Syllabus.

Sing. Nom. V.-; Acc. em (ă); Gen. îs (os); D. ī (†); Abl. ě.
Plur. Nom. V. és ; Acc. ăs (es); Gen. um; D. Abl. ibus (să rare).

Examples:

M. Phryx Phryg-, lebēs lebēt-, gigas gigant-, aër aĕr-, herōs herō-. So Atlas Atlant-, but with Voc. S. a. See p. 98. F. chlamys chlamyd-, lampas lampǎd-.

C. lynx lync-..

On Neuters in mă măt-, as poema, see p. 98.

On Neuter E-stems and Fem. O- and Y-stems, see p. 103.

11) I-stems. See p. 104.

Sing. Nom. Is; Voc. ; Acc. im in; Gen. ĭs (cos); D. Abl. i.
Plur. Nom. V. es; Acc. is ēs; Gen. ium (eōn); D. Abl. ĭbus.

Examples:

F. basis, poesis, Charybdis, Nemesis, Lachesis, Syrtis.
M. Anubis, Albis, Athesis.

Acinaces, m. scimitar, is declined as nubes: but Names in
es are subject to flexional variations.

III) Heteroclite or Fluctuating Declension.

1) Third Decl. mixed with First and Second.

a) Nom. S. ēs; Voc. ē; Acc. em (ēn); Gen. îs, ī; D. ī; Abl. ē. Examples:

M. Aristoteles; Archimedes; Demosthenes; Euripides; Thucydides; Xerxes.

Hercules has Voc. ēs and Abl. ě (Hor.).

b) Nom. S. clēs; Voc. clēs clē; Acc. clem (clēn), cleă; Gen. clis, cli; Dat. cli; Abl. clē.

Examples:

M. Callicles, Damocles, Pericles, Sophocles, Themistocles.
c) Nom. S. eus; Voc. eù ; Acc. eum, ča; Gen. ĕi, êì, 1 (čðs) ; D.
ĕo, éò, îî; Abl. ĕo, êò.

Examples:

M. Nereus; Orpheus; Peleus; Perseus; Theseus; Tydeus.
Acc., ea, ea occur in poetry: Idomenea, Orphea (Verg.).
The Greek Gen. eos is confined to poets after the Aug. age.
With this Decl. of Perseus compare Perses, p. 87. Livy
uses the former for the last Macedonian king: Cicero the
latter.

d) The two Masculine names Achilles, Ulixes, have a
peculiar flexion:

Nom. S. es; Voc. ē; Acc. em,ēn, ča; Gen. Is, čos, ĕi, ī; D. â, ī; Abl. ē ĕ, i.