among all women, has changed the To her, who, like the rising dawn, To this Holy Virgin, who, being terrible as an army in array of battle, Overthrows heresies and the powers of darkness; Who, having become the Mother of the Sovereign Judge, who can refuse nothing to a mother, Offers to the guilty the hope of pardon; To this Mother, who, remaining at the foot of the cross of her Son, with a love truly maternal, but constant, Has felt her heart pierced through with the sword of grief; Who, by the last words of this dying Son, regarded the beloved disciple as her son; To this Divine Mother be blessing and praise ! And as, in one disciple, she us all received as her children, may she retain towards us all the relation of a Mother!" Such are the husks with which these men feed their deluded votaries. When will our people believe Popery to be as bad as their own authorized productions declare it to be? Poplar. The Letter Bor. B. H. COWPER. TESTIMONY AND APPEAL ON THE EFFECTS OF TOTAL ONE distinct personal testimony to a To boast of health would be impious, and to presume on its continuance would be irrational. What God has graciously bestowed, he may at any moment take away. I only speak of the past and the present, which I do with humble thankfulness; and my reason for speaking at all is a convic tion, that an incalculable amount of evil, as offensive in the sight of God as ruinous to man, would be prevented by the general discontinuance of the use of intoxicating drinks, but that men decline to abstain from them under the notion that they are necessary to health, or at all events not injurious, whilst they believe them to be conducive to personal enjoyment. Convinced that these notions, the latter as well as the former, are erroneous, I offer my own experience to show that they are so; and with the same view I add a few particulars. I did not adopt total abstinence owing to any illness or tendency to disease, nor because liquor was any considerable temptation to me. I had always used it moderately. My sole object was a desire to induce some whom I knew, by example, to abandon an indulgence which was leading them to ruin. And it seemed to me, that if I could do without strong drink, other persons in ordinary health might do the same: because my constitution is not robust; on the contrary, I have from childhood been rather pale and thin. Therefore the experiment of total than he who takes liquors: the digestive organs being generally in a healthier state, he enjoys food and innocent beverages with greater relish: if he loses the pungency of strong drink, he also escapes its painful consequences: 3rdly, because abstinence from liquor is no mean saving of money, which may be so much better applied: 4thly, because abstinence seemed in me a very fair one: I was an average subject: many of my friends even thought that I needed a little wine, dissuaded me from giving it up, and mourned over my unwise persistence: I myself had the prejudice that it helped digestion. Well, I tried the experiment- first for a month, then for another month, till at length I learned to laugh at the pre-it is a still more important saving of judices of myself and my friends, and in the consciousness of firm health and good spirits I have continued the practice to the present day. precious time: and 5thly, because it obviously keeps men out of many dangers and temptations. Therefore, in my judgment, enlightened self-interest, nay, an enlightened regard for mere physical enjoyment, might make a man give up strong drink. I do not presume to say that there are not persons who, from sickness or peculiarity of constitution, may not require wine or beer, at least occasionally. I know those who believe, and are so advised by their medical men, that it is needful for them. In such cases, the moderate use of alcoholic drinks seems to me justifiable. But my belief is, that to most persons in ordinary health they are not needful. And I take the liberty of just glancing at a few facts which seem to prove this beyond all reasonable question. Within fifteen years of life one passes through various circumstances, which would be likely to try the merits of any regimen. But I have never felt as if strong drink would help me in any of those circumstances;-certainly not in protracted study; as certainly not in the prolonged and exciting public meeting; not in active business, however pressing; not in travelling, by night or by day; not in pedestrian rambles on the mountains of Cumberland or Wales; not in the cold of winter; not in the heat of summer; not in the raw damp of intermediate seasons; not in the morning, not at noon, nor yet at night; not in anxiety and trouble; not in joy and social intercourse. I need it in none of these circumstances; it would do me mischief in any. It might cloud my intellect, or excite my brain, or disorder my stomach, or cause local inflammation more or less serious. There are those who think that wine or beer is needful whenever they feel fatigued or exhausted. But surely nature provides her own restorative at a much easier and cheaper rate. He who is tired should rest; he who is weary press,-joiners,-bricklayers,-masons, should sleep; he who is exhausted should take wholesome food or innocent beverages; he who is closely confined should take air and exercise. I repeat that in my own case alcoholic drinks are never necessary, and would never do me good. I claim no merit for total abstinence. 1st. because it is no privation: a total abstainer does not care or think about liquor, at least after the first few days or weeks: he forgets it: 2ndly, because I am firmly convinced that a total abstainer has more physical comfort, and even more gratification for his palate, First, I will speak of cases within my own personal knowledge. I know, and could name, many of the hardest work. ing men, who for years have not tasted drink, and who declare themselves far better without than with it,-glassblowers, forge-men, and others, who work in front of the hottest furnaces,—— pressers in dry-houses,-farmers working out of doors in summer's heat and winter's frost,-printers working at the &c. I know coachmen, exposed to all weathers, one of whom drove the nightmail over the hills of Scotland: I know medical men in large practice, driving about all day, and often disturbed in the night: I know ministers of religion and lecturers, among the most animated and laborious in the country, in the habit of speaking at great length in crowded meetings, and often out of doors: I know missionaries labouring in tropical countries: I know merchants, tradesmen, clerks, &c. of the greatest activity: I know literary men and editors of very sedentary habits: I know members of parliament and ministers of state, among the most constant in their attendance on the trying duties of parliament or of office: I know old men of near fourscore, children and young persons of all ages, nursing mothers, servants, in short, persons of almost every class that can be mentioned:-I know persons under all these varied circumstances, who act on the system of total abstinence, enjoying health and vigour, and believing that they are better without intoxicating liquor than they would be with it. Beyond my personal knowledge, instances without end might be adduced from unquestionable authority; but it may suffice to mention a few classes of cases. For example, the Governor of York Castle told me that he never knew a single instance of the health of a prisoner suffering from his being at once deprived of intoxicating liquor. It is notorious that there are soldiers who go through their arduous exercises, and whole crews of sailors and fishermen exposed to all weathers in all seas, practising abstinence with advantage. Mr. Mayhew says the same of the coalheavers of London. The ancient athletes, in training for their severe exercises, abstained from strong liquor, and modern athletes and pedestrians do the same. Captain Kennedy, of the Prince Albert exploring expedition, who last winter performed a journey of twelve hundred miles over ice and snow, along the most rugged coasts of the Arctic regions, with the thermometer far below the freezing point of mercury, without seeing the sun for months, ascribed, in his official despatch, the health of his crew to their having all strictly acted on the total abstinence principle. It is stated that the Duke of Wellington, who lived to the age of eighty-three, in his long "defensive warfare against death,” abstained from wine. So did the old Marquis of Winchester, who died in the reign of Elizabeth, at the age of ninety-seven. Millions of the Irish nation, under the influence of Father Mathew, abandoned drink. In some of the States of America, total abstinence has actually become the law; and through a great part of the United States it would be considered a shame for the ministers of religion to taste wine. All the Mohammedan nations, from India to the Adriatic and the Atlantic, have abstained from intoxicating liquors for twelve hundred years; and these include some of the handsomest and most athletic races of men in the world,-the Hill Coolies of India, the Affghan, Persian, Caucasian, Saracenic, Turkish, Arab, and Moorish tribes. The strongest man of whom we have any record never touched wine: the wisest man that ever lived emphatically condemned it. Finally, two thousand medical men in this country, including those of the very first rank for science and practice, signed the following certificate: "We, the undersigned, are of opinion,-1. That a very large proportion of human misery, including poverty, disease, and crime, is induced by the use of alcoholic or fermented liquors as beverages. “2. That the most perfect health is compatible with total abstinence from all intoxicating beverages, whether in the form of ardent spirits, or as wine, beer, ale, porter, cider, &c. "3. That persons accustomed to such drinks may, with perfect safety, discontinue them entirely, either at once, or gradually, after a short time. "4. That total and universal abstinence from alcoholic beverages of all sorts would greatly conduce to the health, the prosperity, the morality, and the happiness of the human race." Is there, then, sufficient motive for relinquishing strong drinks? In my judgment there are two motives, either of which justifies, and even demands it: 1st. A man's own safety and advantage; and, 2nd. The influence of his example, in inducing others to avoid the most fruitful of all causes of vice and misery. The peculiar danger of intoxicating drinks is in their extreme seductiveness, and in the all but unconquerable strength of the drinking habit, when once formed; and their peculiar malignity is in their being the parent or nurse of every kind of crime, wickedness, and suffering. I say boldly that no man living, who uses intoxicating drinks, is free from the danger of at least occasional, and, if of occasional, ultimately of habitual excess. I have myself known such frightful instances of persons brought into captivity to the habit, that there seems to be no character, position, or circumstances that free men from the danger. I have known many young men of the finest promise, led by the drinking habit into vice, ruin, and early death. I have known such become virtual parricides. I have known many tradesmen, whom it has made bankrupt. I have known Sunday-scholars, whom it has led to prison. I have known teachers, and even superintendents, whom it has dragged down to profligacy. I have known ministers of religion, in and out of the Establishment, of high academic honours, of splendid eloquence, nay, of vast usefulness, whom it has fascinated, and hurried over the precipice of public infamy, with their eyes open, and gazing with horror on their fate. I have known men of the strongest and clearest intellect, and of vigorous resolution, whom it has made weaker than children and fools. I have known gentlemen of refinement and taste, whom it has debased into brutes. I have known poets of high genius, whom it has bound in a bondage worse than the galleys, and ultimately cut short their days. I have known statesmen, lawyers, and judges, whom it has killed. I have known kind husbands and fathers, whom it has turned into monsters. I have known honest men, whom it has made villains. I have known elegant and Christian ladies, whom it has converted into bloated sots. Is it not notorious that under the ravages of drunkenness the land mourns?-that it is this which-I may almost say exclusively-fills our prisons, our workhouses, our lunatic asylums, our dens of pollution, and our hospitals;-which causes most of the shipwrecks, fires, fatal accidents, crimes, outrages, and suicides, that load the columns of our newspapers;-which robs numberless wives of a husband's affection, and numberless children of a parent's fondness;-which strips thousands of homes of every comfort, deprives scores of thousands of children of education, and almost of bread, and turns them on the streets; which leaves so many places of worship almost empty, and so many Mechanies' Institutes languishing, whilst the pot-houses are crowded; which brings down (it is estimated) 60,000 of our population every year to a drunkard's grave? And of all the victims of intemperance, be it remembered, there is NOT ONE who did not begin by moderate drinking, or who had the remotest idea, when he began, that he should be led into excess. Such, then, being the peculiar seductiveness and danger of the practice of taking intoxicating liquors, and such the enormous malignity of its consequences, is there not a strong, and even a resistless, ground for appealing to good men, to patriots, to philanthropists, above all, to Christians, and to Christian ministers, if not for their own sake, yet for the sake of others, whom they see gliding down by scores of thousands, as on a slope of ice, to the gulf of temporal and eternal ruin, to take their stand on the safe platform of Total Abstinence? It is universally admitted that the only hope for a person who is addicted to intemperance is in total abstinence. The habit is such that it may be broken by a sudden effort and entire discontinuance of the indulgence; but it cannot be given up gradually. It is like a chain of India-rubber, that may be snapped, but, from its peculiar tenacity and elasticity, cannot be broken by a gradual effort. No direct Scripture authority can be quoted for total abstinence: but it is worthy of remark, first, that the wines of Palestine and the East, in the time of Christ and the Apostles, as at the present day, were incomparably less intoxicating than the wines and beer of northern countries, and the vice of drunkenness was incomparably less prevalent; and second, that the principle of total abstinence, under circumstances like ours, seems to be involved in two memorable passages,-as regards a man's own interest and duty, in the precept of our Lord to pluck out the right eye or cut off the right hand or foot, if it cause to offend, and as regards our duty to our neighbour, in the declaration of the Apostle Paul"It is good neither to eat flesh, nor to drink wine, nor anything whereby thy brother stumbleth, or is offended, or is made weak." (Rom. xiv. 21.) As I myself was led by the example of some whom I respected to discontinue intoxicating liquors, others may possibly be led by my example: and if one drunkard should be encouraged by my appeal and testimony to snap the chain of his bondage, or one young man should be saved from so terrible a snare,-if one wife should be preserved from a broken heart, or one child from neglect and ruin,—I shall be thankful to my dying day. EDWARD BAINES. Leeds, November 9, 1852. The Counsel Chamber. DR. FRANKLIN'S LOAN. IT is said that Dr. Franklin once met with an honest young man, who was greatly in need of money. The doctor gave him ten dollars, but told him it was lent, not given to him. "With industry and perseverance," said he, you will not fail to secure ample means of support, and when you meet with another honest man in similar distress, you must pay me by lending this sum to him, enjoining upon him also, as soon as he shall be able, to discharge his debt by lending it to another when he shall meet with the like opportunity." Now, this principle of Dr. Franklin would work well in many other cases; for instance: You are the eldest of several brothers and sisters. In infancy and childhood you were the constant care of your mother-she sung you to sleep at night she was by your side when you awoke-she attended to your numerous wants-she dressed your doll or covered your ball-told you pretty stories-instructed you in the right way, and, in short, made it her study to make you good and happy; now, do you not owe her a debt for all this? I will tell you how to pay her. self. Your mother cannot give to each as much care and attention as she used to bestow upon you. But you can be of great assistance to her by doing many things for the younger children, which will relieve her of much care. You can amuse them when they are noisy or fretful. They often want some help when at play, which you can afford. You can be patient with them even when they are unreasonable and cross. O what a comfort such a daughter or such a son must be to a mother! And what a useful example to the younger children too! In this way you can do something toward paying the debt you owe your mother. For every friendly attention, for every kind word spoken, for every benefit bestowed, consider yourself in debt; and when you pay, pay with interest; that is, give more than you have received, and let no opportunity pass unimproved, when it is in your power to do good. The Bible tells us to do good unto all men as we have opportunity. Gal. vi. 10. PUT AWAY THAT NOVEL. DR. GOLDSMITH, who had himself written a novel, in writing to his broYou have, as I have said, several ther respecting the education of his brothers and sisters younger than your-son, uses this strong language: "Above |