Convalecer de enfermedad, To recover from sickness. Degenerar de su nacimien- To degenerate from one's to, ancestors. Deponer de un empleo, To depose from an employ ment. Derivar de otra autoridad, To derive from another's Descansar del trabajo, authority. To rest from labour. To come from a good family. To desert from the regiment. Extraer una cosa de otra, To extract one thing from RULE 126. Most verbs admit a regimen with en, denoting wherein the meaning of the said verbs is conspicuous; as Note a.-If these verbs have for their regimen an infinitive, it must be preceded also by en; as, deleytarse en oir, to take delight in hearing; occuparse en leer, to employ one's self in reading; Hemos menester pensar en ayudarte, We must think on helping thee. (Gil Blas, b. i. ch. 1.) RULE 127. Verbs denoting behaviour generally require con before the persons towards whom it is directed; as Ella se ha airado con She is affronted with her su hermano, El se casó con su prima, Me desahogaré con mi padre, Ajustarse con alguno, brother. He married his cousin. To settle with any one. Note a.-When the verb meterse is used in the sense of to meddle, or to interfere, it requires con before the noun if it be a person, and en if it be a thing; as, Aconsėjote, amigo Blas, que en adelante no te vuelvas á meter con frayles, I advise thee, friend Blas, not to meddle in future with friars. (Gil Blas, ch. 3.) No te metas en negocios agenos, Do not interfere with the affairs of others. Observation. When there is a noun in the sentence denoting the means whereby the action of the verb is effected, it may be governed with con, de, or á, according to the following rules-1st, If the noun signifies the instrument or weapon with which the action was done, it requires con before it; as, él la mató con el pié, he killed her with the foot; con un puñal, with a poniard; con un martillo, with a hammer. 2d, If the noun is the name of the injury or blow given with the weapon or instrument, it requires to be preceded by de or con when used in the singular number, and by á when in the plural; as, él la mató de, or, con un puntapie, he killed her with a kick; á puntapies, with kicks; de, or, con una puñalada, with a stab of a poniard; á puñaladas, by several stabs with a poniard; de, or, con un martillazo, with the blow of a hammer; á martillazos, by giving several blows with a hammer; Oyes, Gil Blas, trata de hacer tu deber, por que te advierto que si te acobardas con un pistoletazo, te levanto la tapa de los sesos. (Gil Blas, b. i. ch. 9.) Decia él que el Cid Ruidiaz habia sido muy buen caballero, pero que no tenia que ver con el caballero de la ardiente espada, que de solo un reves habia partido por medio dos fieros y descomunales gigantes, He used to say that Cid Ruidiaz had been a very brave knight, but that he was not to be compared to the knight of the burning sword, who with a single back stroke had cut in halves two fierce and monstrous giants. (Don Quixote, b. i. ch. 1.) ON VERBAL REGIMEN. Government, as has been already defined, is the power which one word has over another, when it determines its case, tense, or mood: therefore, when one verb requires another in any mood in particular, the second verb is said to be the Regimen or Government of the first verb. A verb may have its regimen in the infinitive, indicative, or subjunctive mood; as, No me podia mi tio proponer cosa mas de mi gusto, My uncle could not propose to me any thing more to my taste. (Gil Blas, ch. 1.) Díxome este que pensaba partir antes de amanecer, The latter said to me that he meant to set out before daybreak. (Ibid. ch. 2.) Pensé que nunca acabase, I thought that he never would have finished. (Ibid.) The regimen of a verb sometimes admits a preposition, whether it is governed in the infinitive or subjunctive mood; as, Apliquéme despues á la logica, que me enseño á discurrir y á argumentar sin término, I applied myself afterwards to logic, which taught me to reason, and to argue without bounds. (Ibid. ch. 1.) Y me dió tantas gracias como yo espolazos á la mula, para que quanto ántes me alejase de él, And he gave me as many thanks, as I kicks to the mule, that she might remove me from him as soon as possible. (Ibid.) REGIMEN IN THE INFINITIVE. RULE 128. If two verbs come together in English, and the second is in the infinitive, this mood is in general likewise used in Spanish; as Quiero aprender, I wish to learn. N.B. If the English infinitive can be resolved with a conjunction into another mood, the Spanish infinitive should seldom be used. See Observation after Rule 132. RULE 129. Verbs denoting to dare, to begin, to teach, to learn, to compel, generally require á before the infinitive which they govern; as No me atrevo á salir, Empezó á llover, Me enseña á baylar, I dare not go out. He set about it. He will learn to write. RULE 130. Verbs implying to submit, to oppose to exhort, or invite, to prepare, to assist, to be destined, and to accustom one's self, generally require á before the infinitive which they govern; as Me consideré obligado á I considered myself ob responder. Y así le convidé á cenar conmigo, Yo seguí al capitan, y Y disimulando mi sen- liged to answer. And so I invited him to sup with me. They exhorted me tỏ live like a Christian. I followed the captain, and whilst I helped him to undress. And disguising my feelings, I prepared myself to wait on such honourable folks. Note a.-Many verbs govern with the preposition á an infinitive, when it denotes the means whereby is effected whatever the governing verb signifies; as, él se mata á trabajar, he kills himself with working; ella se destriza á llorar, she wears herself out with weeping. RULE 131. Verbs signifying to abstain, to cease, to deprive, to finish, govern the infinitive with de; as Se abstiene de beber vi- He abstains from drink ing wine. Thou hast deprived me of her sight. I shall leave off writing at one. Cesaron de atormentar- They ceased to torment me, me. |