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In a fhort fpace of time borne every kind of misfortune, and felt every variety of fuffering?

How fhall I at this time dare to fpeak of myfelf? How fhall I paint the injuftice that I have experienced, when I fee before me ftill greater? Can I compare my sufferings with thofe of the King? No matter; I muft Speak, fince I am called upon; I muft lay open my heart, fince franknefs is required of me; it shall be worthy of a Conde; it shall be worthy of a Frenchman.

I have been reprefented as the fworn enemy of the French Nation; who, indefatigable of my hatred, have been endeavouring to raife enemies against them in all the Courts of Europe; as an enemy eager to bring fire and fword into the heart of his own country; and I am industriously reprefented as a tyger athirst for blood, watching the favourable moment to tear its prey in pieces.

Affuredly, neither my ancestors nor myfelf were ever partizans of despotiẩm; and the hiftory of France produces many examples to the contrary taken out of my family. -Henry Conde fought for liberty of confcience and the fecond Henry of the fame name attacked the defpotifm of the Regent and her Minifters during the minority of Louis XIII. and openly declared himfelf the Protector of the Tiers Etat. The Great Conde, united with the Parifians armed under his command, attacked the tyrannical power of Cardinal Mazarine.

In common with all good Frenchmen, I was defirous of the affembling of the States General, in 1789. I even advised the King to take this meafure. I always detefted abufes, and abhorred the defpotifm of Minigers, I have long formed, in the bottom of my heart, a fincere with for the restoration of the finances, and the regeneration of the kingdom. Alas! it is to this fatal defire, then participated by almost the whole nation, that France owes the evils which now confume her; and if the defire of doing good could be a crime, with what bitterness might we now reproach ourselves.

But it is not the thing itself, but the abuse of it, which has deftroyed the kingdom; it is envy, jealousy, ambition, and licentious

nefs, which, united under the mask of liberty, have laid waste this powerful Monarchy. And it is expected that I should come into the midft of the factious, to applaud thefe hor rors! even partake in them by my prefence ! A French Prince is wished for amidst thefe ruins, to witness the last gasp of Monarchy ! No, I would rather confent to a perpetual banishment; I would rather abandon all my poffeffions to fire and plunder, than to return into the kingdom in the midst of diforder, and after the commiflion of the most odious crime: No, France fhall never again behold me within the limits, fo long as reafon and juftice are banished from her, and fo long as the is the prey of the factious who mislead her. If the French, at a future time of opening their eyes, shake of the yoke of their new tyrants; if they will acknowledge that liberty does not empower men to feize and deftroy every thing, and fubject it to their pernicious chimeras; and if they should at length learn that a nation has not a right to be unjust to a fingle individual, then, I fay, I will haften with the greatest eagerness, I will fly into the arms of my fellow Citizens.

But, perhaps, this time is not fo far offfoon terror will poffefs the fouls of those criminally ambitious men, who have made the polifhed people in the univerfe the most favage. Heaven and men will not fuffer fø many crimes to go unpunished. As to myfelf, I shall not direct my arms against my country factious men always with to identify themselves with it; but the rest of the French, and all Europe, are not to be impofed upon. He is not a traitor to his country, who would take the mask of them; and a decree into which the religion of the Affembly has been surprised, and the illuforý sanction of the King, cannot make me a rebel. I have received the person who brought me this injurious decree, with attention due, at all times, and under all circumstances, to the character of an Envoy, and to the law of nations. I have received this decree, and this is my answer---I declare it boldly, and I make it public, that the Affembly, France, and Europe, may read at the fame time into the bottom of my heart, and judge me.

T

Declaration of Spain.

HE retreat from Paris, attempted by the Moft Chriftian King and his family, with his motives, all then unknown to his Catholic Majefty, affuredly had not, nor could poffibly have had, any other cause and object than the delivery of himself from po

pular infults, which the Affembly and the Municipality have not been able either to ftop or to punish, and to procure himfel. a place of fafety, wherein the Sovereign and the true and legitimate reprefentatives of the nation might deliberate with that freedom,

of

of which, to the prefent hour, they have been deprived-a privation, of which the proofs and the evidences are inconteftible. It is in this view, in that of the moft intimate ally of France, the relative and the friend of her King, and the most immediate neighbour of her territories, that his Majef ty takes the greateft intereft in the felicity and internal tranquillity of the French nation; and that, far indeed from meditating its difturbance, he has taken the refolution to exhort the French---to conjure them, to refect difpaffionately upon the measure their Sovereign has been forced to take, and to re

confider thofe criminal proceedings which have adminiftered the caufe to respect the high dignity of his facred perfon, his liberty, and immunities, and thofe of the whole Royal Family; and to reft affured, that whenever the French nation fhall fulfil its duties, as the King hopes, they will difcover in his Majefty's conduct the fame fentiments of amity and conciliation which he has ever teftified, and which, every way confidered, accord better with his fituation than any other measure whatsoever. Aranjuez, July 1, 1791.

D

A Letter from M. de Bouille to the National Affembly,

ATED Luxembourg, June 29, was this day read to the National Affembly. It was addreffed to the Legislative Body, and preceded by the following note, addreffed to the Prefident:

"M. le Prefident,

86 I have the honour to fend you the accompanying letter, addreffed to the National Affembly. I think it fufficiently interefting to deferve being laid before them.

(Signed) "Le Marquis de Bouille." "Gentlemen,

"The King has lately made an effort to break the chains with which, for a confiderable time past, you have held him and his family. He is yet your captive, and his days, as well as thofe of his Queen, are, I fhudder to think of it! yet at the difpofal of a people whom you rendered ferocious, fanguinary; and who are become the object of contempt of the univerfe. It is of importance to you, Gentlemen, that you should know the causes which produced the event which now occupies your attention, and you will fee that, if it has been noble and courageous on the part of the King to come and feek an afylum with me, he has therein lefs confulted his own welfare than that of a eruel people whom he yet loves. Difengaged, however, from the ties which bound me to you, I am about to speak the language of truth, which you doubtlefs will reject.

The King had become a prifoner to his people.-Attached to my fovereign, although detefting the abuses refulting from an authority too powerful, I mourned over the phrenzy of the people-I blamed your proceedings, but I hoped, in the end, the wicked would be confounded; that anarchy would have an end, and that we should have a government that could at least be endured. My attachment for my King and my country, gave me fufficient courage to fupport all the outrages which I have experienced, and the shame and

the humiliation of addreffing you. I faw that the spirit of faction prevailed-that fome were defirous of a civil war-that others withed for a republic, and that in the last party was M. la Fayette. Clubs were established to destroy the army, and the populace were no longer directed but by cabal and intrigue, the King being without forces, and even without importance-the army without commanders, and without fubordination. No means of re-establishing order appearing, I propofed to the King to quit Paris, and to retire to the frontiers, perfuaded that it would produce a happy change. This propofal the King and Queen conftantly refused, alledging the promife which they had made, not to feparate themfelves from the National Affentbly. I urged in anfwer, that a promife extorted by force was not binding. The tranf action of the 28th of February induced me to renew my folicitations: but the King again reminded me of the Constitution-the Queen agreed with him in opinion, and rejected all the propofals which I made to that purport. I knew that all the powers of Europe were arming against France-It was in the power of the King to to fave that beautiful kingdom. I knew that its towns were dismantled, its finances exhausted, and that its fictitious money could not supply the fpecie that was wanting---befides, I did not doubt but that the people would throw themfelves into the arms of their King, and entreat him to prevent the evils with which they were threatened.

"After the obftacles which were thrown in the way of the journey to St. Cloud on the 18th of April laft, I prefented to him that there remained but this one step to be taken to save France.

(To be concluded in our next.)

FOREIGN OCCURRENCES.

Petersburgb, June 20.

the progrefs of time, all the above-mentioned

WHENEVER the Courts of Berlin inconveniencies, without having any parti

and London, and other powers, m de known to the Empress their defires of feeing the war, which unhappily broke out between Ruffia and the Porte, fpeedily finished, her Majefty always thewed fuch inclination as fully demonstrated a perfect concurrence in the withes of fucn powers, of which, in all the Cabinets, are to be found the most incontrovertible proofs.

The memorial delivered on the 26th of May, New Stile, by the Minifters of the two first-named powers, only mentions in general terms the procuring a faiety for the Ottoman Porte in the next peace, and commencing a negotiation on that subject. Her Majefty can penetrate its object and aim the lefs, as the flatters herself in having offered all that peaceableness, generofity, and condefcenfion, fuggefted to her for the general conveniences confiftent with her dignity, the juftnefs of her caufe, and her care for the fafety and tranquillity of her empire.

For, after having been unlawfully challenged and attacked, as is well known to all the world, and which have been particularly acknowledged and confeffed formerly by the Courts of London and Berlin; after a heavy expensive war during four years, though on the part of Ruffia it has been attended with uninterrupted advantages, and which have put her in poffeffion of feveral provinces, and ftrong places, under the Turkish dominion; the Emprefs, conformable to the laws adopted and acknowledged by all natins, ought to have a due right of ke ping the whole of thefe conquests, or at least a part, as a juft, but yet too mall an indemnification for fo many difaiters, and incalculable loffes, of which the heavy burden has been fupported all the time by her d minion.

However, her Majesty, be ng inspired with mederation and difinterestednefs, has not hefi. tated to make a facrifice of all the avantages which the progrefs of her arms jeemed to promife her, by making no conditions for hertelf, excepting only to fecure the ftability of a peace which the wishes to concla e, by fixing a new frontier, and which frontier, far from expofing the defenfive treaty of the Porte, on the contrary infures it, as it removes all saufes of difference and contentions, which an immediate neighbourhood is but too much liable to, and which have become a fource and occafion of diffentions and bloody wars. A river, like that of the Neifter, offers a frontier as natural, and as fit to prevent, in POL, MAG. VOL. XX. JULY, 1791.

cular influence (which can eafily be demonftrated) on the power of both parties intereft ed; her Majesty thinks it neceffary to infift upon this demarcation of frontiers, the more fo, as the thereby makes it agree to profpects which the Courts of Berlin and London feem to have at heart, for the fafety of the Ottoman Porte, and for the prefervation of the la ting and univerfal tranquillity of Europe, which the Emprefs has alfo ever made a subject of her continued and moft animated

care.

Guided by thefe motives, evidently the bafis of equity and justice, her Majesty has o dered her Ministers to declare to the Courts of Berlin and London, that the still continues in the fame peaceable and moderate fenti ments which the has ever fhewn; and that fhe will avail herself with the greatest pleafure of every impartial and amicable ftep which the Courts thall think proper, for the continuation of the falutary work of peace, provided her dignity and the welfare of her fubjects be provided for in fuch a manner as a juft caufe and reafon prefcribes and requires. (Signed) COUNT D'OSTERMAN.

June 6, 1791.

Berlin, June 28.-We are no longer in any doubt of the fuccefs of the negociation at Percersburgh, as orders have been fent from thence, that a confiserable body of the army in Pomerania fhou d march back into its old quarters, and that the regiments of infantry in Pruffia thould be allowed a furlough of three months to get in the harvest, at the faine time that they remain on full pay. Thef orders would certainly neve have been given, hat there been any doubt of the fuc cefs of the negociation. General Mollendorff is gone to Pruffia, as well for the purpole of dividing the troops in this province; which yet remain on the field establishment, (the ftition of fo large a force being much complained of by the country people,) as to be as near on the fpot as poffible to give the Grand Duke of Ruffia his affiftanee, if ne cellary, in the event of the Enprefs's death. The Raffian Minifter, M. Von Allopent, has confirmed this news of the illness of his Sovereign. The ever might be a very hap py circumstance for Pruffia, if in this cafe the two kingdoms might once more become in ftri&t alliance.

At the fame time that there is this profpect of peace with Ruffia, we are forry to say that fresh difputes have broken out in

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another quarter. There is no longer any doubt of the peace between Auftria and the Porte being broken, and it feems that Pruffia is exactly in the fame fituation as it was last year, before the Convention at Reichenbach. The long abfence of the Emperor from his dominions appears now to be a political meafure, in order to be at a distance from Vien. na, and thereby to give time for entering into any immediate negotiations on this head with Pruffia.

Yesterday all the Minifters were convened to an extraordinary Cabinet Council, after which fourteen couriers were fent off with orders to remain at a particular rendezvous, three German miles from Berlin, where they received their final difpatches, and the orders for the different routes they were each to take. This precaution was taken for the purpose that their journeys might remain a profound fecret. Such extraordinary preparations give great room for conjecture that fomething im portant is going forward.

Conftantinople, June 28.-The Ottoman fleet proceeded for Varna, with a fair wind, on the 30th ult.

This refidence continues to enjoy the greateft tranquillity, and is again nearly free of the plague, which however continues to rage in Egypt and in mott parts of the Morea.

Madrid, June 18.-The fuccefs of the inoculation, under the care of the phyfician Jofeph Abad, fully anfwers the idea formed of his talents; as in the city of Balbatro, according to an exact account which has been taken, out of 511 perfons inoculated from the 20th of March 1790, to the 4th of Maj 1791, only one perfon has died, a young man, 30 years of age, who had been for three years ill of an hectic fever.

Breflaw, dy 2.-On the 15th of June, Field Marthal Prince Repnin, who was pofted in the environs of Galatz, ordered a detachment of his army, under the command of Lieutenant General Kutufow, to pass the Danube; near Bubada this detachment attacked a body of 23,000 men, compofed of Turks and Tartars, commanded by the Kan, three Serafkiers, and five Sultans-defeated it-killed 1500 men-took poffefion of the camp, eight pieces of cannon, a great quantity of powder, and a m.gazine containing 30,000 bushels of flour. This fuccefs in duced the Prince to approach Brailow. The Grand Vizier, who was potted near Siliftria with a refpectable force, had thrown a bridge over the Danube, for the purnofe of fuccour ing that fortrefs. The Ruffans, who were ignorant of this difpofition, had formed a design to surprise the place; but the garrifon was prepared for whatever might happen. Two French engineers, who were in Brailow, had railed two redoubts, each mounted with twelve guns, and mined. Thus fituated,

after having received from Sziftova an inti mation of the projected attack, the garifon waited for the enemy, and, on their arrival, by a crofs fire, killed 1120 men, the mise under one of the redoubts was fprung, whereby fome battal ons were blown up, and the remainder took to flight. The Ruthians had three thousand men killed or wounded, among whom were fome diftinguished veteran Officers.

Vienna, July 2.-Our Minister, Baron Van Herbert, is ordered by the Emperor first to fettle a prolongation of the truce, and then proceed to Siftovia. It is faid that the Empe ror, whofe difpofition is really pacific, is inclined to give np fome of the districts to which he has a juft claim, in order to conciliate matters; and that, in confequence of this, the warlike preparations which were going forward are put a stop to.

Bareith, July 5.-The Regency of Hanover has eftablished a duty of five per cent, on all articles of luxury, fuch as jewels, trinkets,

&c.

An additional duty has alfo been laid on English beer, playing cards, and brandy.

Colone, July 6.-His Royal Highnefs Monfieur, Madame, and the Count d'Artois, with their fuits, paffed through this city this day at two o'clock in the afternoon, in their way from B.uffels to Coblentz.

Berlin, July 9.--The news of the day is, that the Count Van Hertiberg, who has fo many years held the place of Prime Minifter, has, at his own carneft requifition, obtained leave to refign, by an order worded in the moft flattering terins. The King offered him his entire falary during his life, but the Count did not accept it. He purpofes paffing the remainder of his days in philofophic retirement upon his eftate at Britz, not far from Berlin.

Paris, July 14.-This being the celebra. tion of Confederation, the day continued unclouded, and the fpectacle, in magnificence and multitude, could only be furpaffed by the fcene of the former year.

The Altar was erected in the centre of the Champ de Mars, and was the fame in its conftruction as before; but the allegorical paintings in chiaro fcuro, and the inferiptions, were new, and are thofe which it is intended to make permanent, by a fuperb edifice of marble, in the fame place.

The 60 battalions of the Parifian guards were arranged as before, and formed an immente fquare.

The proceffion was conducted with the greatest order, the different orders dreft in their medallions took their station directly op fite to the Altar, where tents had been erected in cafe of rain, and covered chairs were placed before them. From this point the orders were given, and every thing was done; and here, by the politeness of the na

tion,

tion, feveral Englishmen were placed. Colonel Tarlton rode, in his American uniform, with M. de la Fayette, who, at ended by his efcort, rode round the circle. The Mafs was faid by the Bishop of Paris, attended by

all the Ecclefiaftics of the metropolis. After this the Colours received the benediction, and marched off to their feveral ftations, to the tune of ca ira. The ceremony concluded with the grand Te Deum.

DOMESTIC CHRONICLE:

THE following is an account of the lofs of the hip Neptune of Leith, in Greenland, on the 23d of May laft..

On the 21st of May the thip was lying at a field of ice, in length 40 or 50 miles, another nearly the fame fize drifting down by a gale of wind at the fame time. On Saturday night, at ten o'clock, the 21ft, the two fields met directly at the fpot where the ship was lying, which fqueezed her with fuch violence, that in balf an hour they obferved the water above the fift tier of cafks in the hold, at the fame time the hip's company were employed fawing a dock for the thip; but the preffure being fo hard, jammed the ice Taws, which rendered every effort of that kind ineffectual.

The water till continued to rush into the fhip in fuch a manner, that at twelve o'clock it was within a foot of the lower deck beams. They immediately hoifted a fignal of diftrefs at the topmaft head for affiftance from about 50 fail of Dutch and English thips near them; but all being in fech a dangerous fituation, I could give little help. By the affiftance they received, and getting two more pumps from the other hips, they kept the fhip from finking till Monday noon, when the ice flacked.

As the principal leak was not far under water, they ufed every means to stop it, cut up pieces of beef and oakum, and let them down along the fide with a fail, which they found of great ferviee; fo that, in two hours after, the thip was confiderably l'ghtened.

They immediately fixed an anchor on the ice, and got the thip hove down fo far as to get at the place where the was moft bruifed, over which the carpenters nailed canvas and boards, and it was fo perfectly water-tight, that the crew had every hope of faving the fhip, when, at fix in the evening, the ice got in motion a fecond time, and fqueezed with fuch force, that it moftly cut the thip in two, and in five minutes the was fo far under water, that the people who were on board were obliged to fave themselves on the rigging.

The Royal Bounty of Leith, at the fame time, was within ten yards, and was lifted up by the ice three or four feet; but being a fharp fhip got no damage.

11. A few days ago died, at a poor houfe in Hoxton, Mr. James Balthouse. As a

fingular inftance of profufion, he had formerly expended near 3000l. in one public-houfe in the city, which had fallen to him by the death of a relation; in confideration of which he was for feveral years allowed a pint of beer a day by the publican after he was reduced, and filled the places of a watchman and freet-keeper previous to his falling upon the parish.

12. A duel was fought between Mr. Graham of Lincoln's-inn, and Mr. Julius of the Temple; the latter was in the office of Mr. Graham's brother, and both parties were on terms of frict acquaintance. The difpute originated on Monday evening, in a company where both were prefent, Mr. Graham was fpeaking to a lady, when Mr. Julius faid, he was a hypocrite in affairs of gallantry, and cautioned the lady on the fubject; at the fame time, he gave his reafons for thinking fo.

Mr. Graham found himself hurt at the imputation, and fome words enfued, but the affair was feemingly made up, through the interpofition of friends, and both parties thook hands. The circumftance, however, rankled on Mr. Graham's mind, and the next day he called at his brother's chambers, where he knew Mr. Julius attended. He told the latter that he confidered thofe chambers as his own, and infifted on his walking out of them. He followed him down the ftair-cafe, when fome further words paffed; on which, Mr. J. faid he could not put up with them, and that Mr. G. muft go out with him. He faid it was what he wished. The parties immediately called on two friends, who attended them in poft chaifes, and they took one of Mr. Hunter's pupils with them, Mr. H. not being himself at home.

On coming to the ground on Blackheath, both parties fired together, and Mr. Graham fell. The report of the piftols foon drew together feveral people, who wished to ftop Mr. Julius from going off, by taking hold' of the horfes of the chaife. Mr. Julius fwore he would fhoot the first perfon that attempted fo to do, and at the defire of Mr. Graham the people fuffered him to proceed towards Dover. Mr. Graham was thot above the hip, and languished until Wednesday morn➡. ing, when he died.

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