will be the percentage of confirmed cases.

The longer the disease has

existed, the more pronounced will be the mental deterioration even should arrest take place under treatment.

The less frequent the seizures, the better prognosis as to arrest or improvement and the preservation of the mental faculties. The more frequent the attacks, the more frequent and profound the dementia, as a general rule. In cases where the attacks are very frequent, it is very difficult to secure even a slight arrest in their frequency or violence.

Grand mal cases are more favorable than petit mal cases. It is very difficult to secure arrest in the latter form of epilepsy. Mental failure is more likely to occur in petit mal cases than in those with grand mal. In some instances the mind is least affected in a few cases of petit mal, while it was most profoundly affected in cases with a combination of grand and petit mal.

In some instances there may be a very long interval of freedom from attacks, followed by recurrence. There are some genuine examples of cure. Russell Reynolds gives 10 per cent. as free for 4 to 8 years; Habermaas, 10.3 per cent., for 5 to 10 years; and Turner, 10.2 per cent. for 9 years.

THE TREATMENT AND REFORMATION OF INELRIATES.

At a recent meeting of the Society for the Reformation of Inebriates, held in the Government House, there was a good attendance of those interested in the movement. A constitution for the Society was adopted. There was considerable discussion on some of the proposa's submitted, especially with regard to lengthy commitments. It would seem as if

this Society is destined to accomplish some useful reforms.

:

The following recommendations are also respectfully submitted :— 1. That in this inebriate reform movement the kind co-operation of the Inspectors of Prisons and Charities be respectfully requested.

2. That the attention of the medical members of the Ontario Legislature as well as that of other private members of the House be called to the inebriate reform question and their influence requested in favor of adequate provision being made in this Province for the reformation of indigent inebriates.

3. That an interview with the Premier and Provincial Secretary be requested as soon as may be considered advisable for the discussion of the following: (a) An annual grant to this Society to promote the inebriates reform movement. (b) The introduction of the proposed Bill or one on similar lines, for the economical treatment of indigent inebriates, at the next Session of the Ontario Legislature. (c) For the purpose of being able to make use of the same as an object lesson, in the meantime,

the immediate introducion (at the outset on a small scale) of the proba

tion system.

4.

That the Toronto Board of Control be asked to co-operate with the Ontario Government in the early introduction of the probation system for the reformaton of indigent inebriates and that the Prisoners' Aid Association and the Toronto City Mission be asked to co-operate in the care and supervision of inebriates placed on probation on suspended sen

tences.

5. That the County Judges and Police Magistrates of the Province be requested to co-operate in the introduction of the probation system and also to consider the propriety of imposing longer sentences in the case of confirmed drunkards-more especially in the case of degraded female drunkards having a long Police Court record.

PERSONAL AND NEWS ITEMS.

Dr. Dougald McBain has decided to locate in St. Thomas, Ont. Dr. Perry G. Goldsmith, of Belleville, has been ill for some time with typhoid fever, but is now making a good recovery.

Dr. Rogers and wife of Ingersoll, have arrived home from a sojourn of a few months in Great Britain, looking quite well after their absence. Dr. and Mrs. L. F. Millar, late of Brunswick avenue, left Toronto in the latter part of November for Southern California. They will spend the winter in Pasadena, returning in April.

The marriage of Miss Clara Clarke eldest daughter of Mr. W. A. Clarke to Dr. Morley Currie, B.A., M.P.P., of Picton, was celebrated at the resident of the bride's parents in Avenue road, Toronto, Nov. 23.

About fifty relatives and friends assembled in the home of Mr. E. P. Roden, 123 Dovercourt road, Toronto, on 7th December, to witness the marriage of his second daughter, Miss Eva P. Roden, to Dr. R. W. Irving, of Gananoque.

Dr. Charles E. Treble has returned home after an extended period of post-graduate study in Great Britain. Dr. Treble is a graduate of Toronto University, and while in London attained to the double qualification of M.R.C.S., England, and L.R.C.P., London.

Dr. A. Lesage has been notified by the French Government that he has been decorated officer of the French Academy, and Dr. A. Foucher as officer of Public Instruction, for their work in organizing a convention of French doctors in America. Both doctors live in Montreal.

Dr. Ernest Curran, who has been taking a post graduate course at Edinburgh since last spring, successfully passed his examinations for the diploma of L.R.C.P.&S., Edinburgh He will probably not return home till next year, taking a course in the London hospitals meantime.

RESULTS OF EXAMINATIONS OF THE COLLEGE OF

PHYSICIANS.

The results of the final, intermediate and preliminary examinations held in November of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario

are:

The following passed the final examination: J. A. Anderson, Smith's Falls; A. H. Adams, Whitby; J. V. Brown, Barrie; R. M. Boyd, Crookston; H. H. Bleecker, Trenton; T. Carson, Orangeville; A. H. Campbell, Ailsa Craig; D. J. Cochrane, Durham; A. W. Canfield, Woodstock; M. Caverly, Albion; H. W. Coulter, Ottawa; J. W. Cook, Strathroy; M. H. Embree, Toronto; W. S. Fawns, Udora; J. Ferguson, J. G. Fitzgerald, Harriston; R. J. Gardiner, Smith's Falls; J. F. Goodchild, Craigleith; B. H. Hamilton, Auburn; L. R. Hess, Hamilton; R. Ingram, Ridgetown; D. S. Johnston, Orillia; A. C. C. Johnson, Toronto; D. Kappele, Hamilton; F. Large, Listowel; W. A. Lawrence, Ithaca, N. Y., H. H. Murphy, Antrim; C. M. McKay, Woodstock; H. G. McLay, Aylmer; D. W. McKechnie, Dundas; F. C. Neal, Walton; J. M. Park, Abingdon; J. M. Robb, Blind River; N. H. Sutton, Ida; D. M. Sutherland, Norwich; W. E. Somers, Waterford; N. F. Sutton, Maynooth; A. A. J. Simpson, Whitechurch; D. J. Sweeney, Caledon; T. J. C. Tindle, Peterboro'; C. E. Treble, Toronto; J. H. Tandy, Kingston; W. S. Turnbull, Milverton ;.

T. D. White, Brantford.

The following passed the intermediate examination: G. B. Archer, Campbellford; W. A. Burr, Fergus; G. H. Bleecker, Trenton; R. M. Foyd, Crookston; R. S. Conboy, Toronto; H. W. Coulter, Ottawa; J. W. Cook, Strathroy; D. Evans, Virginia; F. S. Eaton, Freeland; James Fettes, Yeoville; R. J. Gardiner, Smith's Falls; W. Gibson, Emerald; J. F. Goodchild, Craigleith; J. C. Gormley, Finch; A. A. Jackson, Toronto; H. H. Murphy, Antrim; H. G. McLay, Aylmer; D. W. McKechnie, DunA. M. Kennedy, Barrie; J. S. LeDrew, Toronto; J. B. Larocque, Alfred; das; J. P. McKinnon, Hillsburg; W. G. Reive, Markham; A. E. Stewart, Ruthven; D. J. Sweeney, Caledon; J. H. Tandy, Kingston; W. S. Turnbull, Milverton; K. H. VanNorman, Toronto; J. A. Wright, London; O.

M. Wilson, Ottawa.

The following passed the primary examination: W. Bethune, Hamilton; D. Black, Toronto; R. M. Boyd, Crookston; M. Caverly, Albion; R. O. Coghlan, Wyoming; V. E. Cartwright, Aldershot; R. G. Carson, Sunderland; R. J. Gardiner, Smith's Falls; J. F. Goodchild, Craigleith; J. C. Gormley, Finch; M. Galbraith, Mount Forest; H. Glendenning, Vallentyne; R. L. Hutton, Brantford; R. E. Hughes, Ottawa; T. R. Henry, Harriston; G. O. Ireland, Toronto; W. H. Keen, St. Mary's; C. A. Langmaid, Bowmanville; O. K. Lang, Granton; Cora Murdoch, Sarnia; H. H. Murphy, Antrim; S. J. Magwood, Toronto; D. F. McLachlan, Glencoe; A. J. McComb, Trenton; P. J. McCue, Toronto; D. W. McKechnie, Dundas; C. R. Newman, Dunnville; W. C. Pratt, Petrolea; E. C. A. Reynolds, Scareboro Junction; J. R. Serson, Morpeth; H. A. Stewart, St. Thomas; O. M. Wilson, Ottawa; R. E. Wodehouse, Blenheim; R. A. Williams, Ingersoll.

OBITUARY.

HENRY PIGEON, M. D.

Dr. Henry Pigeon died very suddenly at his home, Charlotte Street, Peterborough, 7th December. He had been ill for a few days from a cold, but gradually improved. His heart, however, became violently affected, and death resulted. Dr. Pigeon was born in Gloucestershire, England, 65 years ago, and had been practising in Peterborough for upwards of 21 years. Dr. Pigeon was twice married, and is survived by a widow, four sons and one daughter.

ROBERT MORRIS, M.D.

Dr. Robert Morris, one of Ogdensburg's oldest and most highly respected citizens, passed away 18th November, after a long illness. Dr. Morris was a man possessed of wonderful degree of vitality and energy of both mind and body. He was aged 94. For many years he was the principal physician and surgeon of the city. He was a gentleman of the old school and his kindly manner and sincere interest in all persons with whom he came in contact won for him the esteem of all. The city's educational interests were always of much importance to him.

D. C. MACCALLUM, M.D.

Dr. Duncan Campbell MacCallum, one of the oldest and most prominent physicians of Montreal died on 13th November, in his 81st year.

For more than a quarter century he was connected with the medical staff of McGill University, and at the time of his death was emeritus professor in the faculty.

The late Dr. MacCallum was born at Isle aux Noix, Que., November 12, 1825. He pursued his medical studies at McGill University and graduated M.D., in 1850. He continued them in London, Edinburgh, and Dublin, and was admitted M. R.C.S., Eng., 1851.

In

Returning to Canada, he entered on the practice of his profession in Montreal and was appointed demonstrator of anatomy in McGill University in 1854. From that time until 1883 he was connected with the university, occupying various positions in the faculty of medicine. August, 1856, he was preferred to the chair of clinical surgery. In November, 1860, he was transferred to the chair of clinical medicine and medical jurisprudence, and in April, 1868, received the appointment of professor of midwifery and the diseases of women and children, which position he held until his resignation in 1883, on which occasion the governors of the university appointed him professor emeritus, retaining his precedence in the university.

For upwards of thirty years he was actively engaged in the teaching of his profession. He was elected visiting physician to the Montreal General Hospital, February, 1856. He discharged the duties of that position until 1877, when he resigned, and was placed on the consulting staff. From 1868 until 1883 he had charge of the university lying-in hospital, and for a period of fourteen years he was physician to the Hervey Institute for children.

Dr. MacCallum always took a warm interest in the literature of his profession, and articles from his pen appeared in the British Medical, and Surgical Journal, and the Canadian Medical Journal. In 1854 he, in conjunction with Dr. Wm. Wright, established and edited the Medical Chronical, which had an existence of six years. He published in 1901, for private distribution, his addresses delivered at various functions. His essay, printed in the McGill University Magazine last year, "Reminiscences of the Medical School of McGill University, also attracted a great deal of attention.

In October, 1867, Dr. MacCallum married Mary Josephine, daughter of the late Hon. Hypolite Guy, a judge of the Superior Court of Quebec. He leaves his wife and five children, four daughters, Mrs. T. Starkey, Mrs. E. Desbarats, Mrs. D. Shepherd, Miss MacCallum, and one son, Duncan Guy MacCallum, a student in the medical faculty, McGill.