Against Prediction: Profiling, Policing, and Punishing in an Actuarial AgeUniversity of Chicago Press, 15. sep. 2008 - 250 sider From random security checks at airports to the use of risk assessment in sentencing, actuarial methods are being used more than ever to determine whom law enforcement officials target and punish. And with the exception of racial profiling on our highways and streets, most people favor these methods because they believe they’re a more cost-effective way to fight crime. |
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Side 5
... Random sampling, it turns out, is the only way to achieve a carceral population that reffects the actual offending population. It is thus the only way to fulfill a central moral intuition regarding just punishment, namely, that ...
... Random sampling, it turns out, is the only way to achieve a carceral population that reffects the actual offending population. It is thus the only way to fulfill a central moral intuition regarding just punishment, namely, that ...
Side 10
... the lowest risk, incarceration bound, drug and property offenders for placement in alternative (nonprison) sanctions.” 18 After examining a random sample of more than two thousand drug, fraud, and larceny cases, 10 chapter one.
... the lowest risk, incarceration bound, drug and property offenders for placement in alternative (nonprison) sanctions.” 18 After examining a random sample of more than two thousand drug, fraud, and larceny cases, 10 chapter one.
Side 11
... random sample of 579 felony sex-offenders released from prison between 1990 and 1993, the commission reviewed narrative accounts in pre- and postsentence investigation reports, rap sheets, criminal background records, and other ...
... random sample of 579 felony sex-offenders released from prison between 1990 and 1993, the commission reviewed narrative accounts in pre- and postsentence investigation reports, rap sheets, criminal background records, and other ...
Side 29
... random searches, or random audits, or random policing. Barring randomization, our results will be distorted. What the ratchet effect does is to disproportionately distribute criminal records and criminal justice contacts, which has ...
... random searches, or random audits, or random policing. Barring randomization, our results will be distorted. What the ratchet effect does is to disproportionately distribute criminal records and criminal justice contacts, which has ...
Side 38
Du har nået visningsgrænsen for denne bog.
Du har nået visningsgrænsen for denne bog.
Indhold
| 1 | |
| 7 | |
Part I The Rise of the Actuarial Paradigm | 39 |
Part II The Critique of Actuarial Methods | 109 |
Part III Toward a More General Theory of Punishing and Policing | 193 |
Acknowledgments | 241 |
Appendix A | 245 |
Appendix B | 261 |
Notes | 267 |
References | 311 |
Index | 331 |
Andre udgaver - Se alle
Against Prediction: Profiling, Policing, and Punishing in an Actuarial Age Bernard E. Harcourt Ingen forhåndsvisning - 2006 |
Against Prediction: Profiling, Policing, and Punishing in an Actuarial Age Bernard E. Harcourt Ingen forhåndsvisning - 2007 |
Almindelige termer og sætninger
actuarial methods African American analysis arrest associated assume assumptions behavior Black Burgess method carceral contacts clinical commission context convicted crime in society criminal justice criminal law criminal profiling criminal record Criminology critique Delinquency developed differential disproportionate drug drug-courier drywall economic models efficiency elasticity of offending Ernest Burgess future dangerousness Glueck group traits higher higher-offending group Hispanic hit rates Ibid Illinois incarceration increase individual inmate Journal of Criminal Knowles Laune law enforcement LSI-R marijuana minority motorists offending population offending rates offending to policing overall crime parole board parole decision Parole Prediction penology percent Persico persons police officer police searches prediction instruments prediction tool prior criminal history prison probation profiled crime punishment race racial groups racial profiling random ratchet effect Recidivism recidivists release result Risk Assessment Salient Factor Score sample search rate selective incapacitation statistical statistical discrimination targeted terrorist tion Vold white motorists
Populære passager
Side iv - Director of the Center for Studies in Criminal Justice at the University of Chicago. The instant volume is a revised and expanded version of the Thomas M. Cooley Lectures presented at the University of Michigan Law School in March 1974. 2. "Again
Side 15 - The agent testified that the respondent's behavior fit the so-called "drug courier profile" — an informally compiled abstract of characteristics thought typical of persons carrying illicit drugs. In this case the agents thought it relevant that (1) the respondent was arriving on a flight from Los Angeles, a city believed by the agents to be the place of origin for much of the heroin brought to Detroit; (2) the respondent was the last person to leave the plane, "appeared to be very nervous...
Side 312 - Yet shun their fault, who, scandalously nice, Will needs mistake an author into vice ; All seems infected that th' infected spy, As all looks yellow to the jaundic'd eye.
Side 90 - A prior conviction for the crime type that is being predicted. - xvi 3. Juvenile conviction prior to age 16. 4. Commitment to a state or federal juvenile facility. 5. Heroin or barbiturate use in the two-year period preceding the current arrest.
Side 45 - ... and moral make-up, his emotional temperament, the surroundings of his youth, his present home, and other conditions, — all the influencing circumstances. And it means that the effect of different methods of treatment, old or new, for different kinds of men and of causes, must be studied, experimented, and compared. Only in this way can accurate knowledge be reached, and new efficient measures be adopted. All this has been going on in Europe for forty years past, and in limited fields in this...
Side 43 - And as to treatment, modern science recognizes that penal or remedial treatment cannot possibly be indiscriminate and machine-like, but must be adapted to the causes, and to the man as affected by those causes.
Side 216 - Five factors are considered by the interviewers in deciding whether the accused may be a good risk on parole and whether his case should be investigated further: 1. Present or recent residence at the same address for six months or more. 2. Current employment or recent employment for six months or more. 3. Relatives in New York City with whom he is in contact. 4. No previous conviction of a crime. 5. Residence in New York City for ten years or more.