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In the voyage undertaken this year (1586) by the earl of Cumberland, and intended for the South sea, Ralegh was a sharer. His fine pinnace, the Dorothy, joined the fleet at Plymouth in August; and though the voyage was performed no farther than the latitude 44°, some small prizes were taken in the course of it. He also fitted out this He also fitted out this year two pin.

naces for the Azores, which proved a very beneficial adventure. The narrative of it, written by Mr. John Evesham, will be found in the Appendix, (N°. VI.)

About this time, Sir Walter also received the additional honour of being appointed captain of the guard to her Majesty, and lieutenant-general of the county of Cornwall. In the session of parliament 1587. which was dissolved March 234, 1587, he was a member of the committee for conferring on the amendment of some things whereunto ministers are required to be sworn, and that some good course' jesty, pointed at Sir Walter Ralegh, and said, see, the knave commands the queen, for which she corrected him with a frown, yet he had the confidence to add, that he was of too much and too intolerable a power. Going on with the same liberty, he reflected on the over-great power and riches of the earl of Leicester, which was so universally applauded by all who were pre sent, that the queen thought fit at that time to bear these reflections with a seeming unconcernedness; yet was so offended that she forbade Tarleton and all her jesters from coming near her table. Bohun's character of Queen Elizabeth, 8, 1693, p. 353.

* Hakluyt's Voyages, III, 769.

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Appendix, N°. II, the superscription and date.

might be taken to have a learned ministry, the queen having, in her speech at the close of the last session, remarked on some faults and negligences of the bishops; which, she added, if you my lords of the clergy do not amend, I mean to depose you. By some notes of this reign left by the lord-treasurer Burleigh, we find that, in the year 1587, Sir Walter also received a grant of the lands of Anthony Babington, the hero of the conspiracy in favour of Mary Queen of Scots, which goes by his name.

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He was now likewise preparing to replace his first and unsuccessful colony in Virginia, by sending out a new one, to consist of 150 men, under the command of Mr. John White, appointed governor, and twelve assistants; to whom he gave a charter, and incorporated them under the firm Governor and assistants of the city of Ralegh in Virginia. Although the returns he had received from Virginia, the Spanish prizes he had taken, and the frugality of the royal favour, had by no means repaid his large expenditure on this plantation, his enterprising genius did not hesitate in persevering in its purpose.

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The following is an extract from the account. given us by the contemporary naval historian of this fourth voyage.

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Extract from the fourth voyage made to Virginia, with three ships, in the year 1587, wherein was transported the second colony.

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July 22, we arrived safe at Hatteras, where our ship and pinnace anchored. The governor went aboard the pinnace, accompanied with forty of his best men, intending to pass up to Roanoke forthwith, hoping there to find those fifteen Englishmen, whom Sir Richard Greenville had left there the year before, with whom he meant to have conference concerning the state of the country and savages. Meaning, after he had so done, to return again to the fleet, and pass along the coast to the Bay of Chesapeak, where we intended to make our seat and fort, according to the charge given us among other directions in writing, under the hand of Sir Walter Ralegh. But as soon as we were put with our pinnace from the ship, a gentleman, by the means of Ferdinando, who was appointed to return for England, called to the sailors in the pinnace, charging them not to bring any of the planters back again, but to leave them in the island, except the governor and two or three such as he approved, saying that the summer was far spent, wherefore he would land all the planters in no other place. Unto this were all the sailors, both in the pinnace and ship, persuaded by the master: wherefore it booted

'See Hakluyt's Voyages, III, 280.

not the governor to contend with them, but passed to Raonoke, and the same night at sun-set went aland on the island, in the place where our fifteen men were left; but we found none of them, nor any sign that they had been there, saving only we found the bones of one of those fifteen, which the

had slain long before.

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July 23, the governor, with divers of his company, walked to the north end of the island, where Mr. Ralph Lane had his fort, with sundry necessary and decent dwelling-houses, made by his men about it the year before, where we hoped to find some signs, or certain knowledge, of our fifteen men. When we came thither, we found the fort rased down, but all the houses standing unhurt, saving that the nether rooms of them, and also of the fort, were over-grown with melons of divers sorts, and deer within them, feeding on those melons; so we returned to our company, without hope of ever seeing any of the fifteen men living. The same day order was given that every man should be employed for the repairing of those houses which we found standing, and also to make other new cottages, for such as should need.

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July 25th, our fly-boat, and the rest of our plan.ers, arrived all safe at Hatteras, to the great joy and comfort of the whole company. But the master of our admiral, Ferdinando, grieved greatly at their safe coming. For he purposely left them in the Bay of Portugal, and stole away from them in

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the night, hoping that the master thereof, whose name was Edward Spicer, for that he never had been in Virginia, would hardly find the place; or else, being left in so dangerous a place as that was, by means of so many men of war as at that time were abroad, they should surely be taken or slain. But God disappointed his wicked pretences.

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July 28th, George Howe, one of our twelve as sistants, was slain by divers savages, who were come over to Roanoke, either on purpose to espy our company, and what number we were, or else to hunt deer, whereof were many in the island. These savages being secretly hidden among high reeds, where oftentimes they find the deer asleep and so kill them, espied our man wading in the wa ter alone, almost naked, without any weapon, save only a small forked stick, catching crabs there withal, and also being strayed two miles from his company; and shot at him in the water, where they gave him sixteen wounds with their arrows, and after they had slain him with their wooden swords, they beat his head in pieces, and fled over the water to the main.

July 30th, Mr. Stafford, and twenty of our men, passed by water to the island of Croatoan with Manteo, who had his mother and many of his kindred dwelling in that island, of whom we hoped to understand some news of our fifteen men, but especially to learn the disposition of the people of the country toward us, and to renew our old friendship

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