At this point called Tierra de Brea or Piche, there is that abundance of stone pitch, that all the ships of the world may be therewith laden from thence. We made trial of it, in trimming our ships, to be most excellent good, and melteth not with the sun as the pitch of Norway, and therefore for ships trading to the south parts it is very profitable. Thence we went to the mountain-foot called Annaperima, and so passing the river Carone, on which the Spanish city was seated, we met with our ships at Puerto de los Hispanioles, or Conquerabia.

• This island of Trinidado hath the form of a sheep-hook, and is but narrow; the north part is very mountainous, the soil is very excellent, and will bear sugar, ginger, or any other commodity that the Indies yield. It hath store of deer, wild porks, fruits, fish, and fowl. It hath also for bread sufficient mais, cassavi, and of those roots and fruits which are common everywhere in the West Indies. It hath divers beasts which the Indies have not. The Spaniards confessed that they found grains of gold in some of the rivers, but they having a purpose to enter Guiana (the magazine of all rich metals) cared not to spend time in the search thereof any farther. This island is called by the people thereof Cairi, and in it are divers nations; those about Parico are called Iaio, those at Punto Carao are of the Arwacas, and between Carao and Curiapan they are called Salvaios, between Carao and Punto Galera are the Nepoios, and those about the Spanish city term

themselves Carinepagotos. Of the rest of the nations, and of other ports and rivers, I leave to speak here, being impertinent to' my purpose, and mean to describe them as they are situate in the particular plot and description of the island, three parts whereof I coasted with my barge, that I might the better decribe it.

6

Meeting with the ships at Puerto de los Hispanioles, we found at the landing-place a company of Spaniards, who kept a guard at the descent, and they offering a sign of peace, I sent Captain Whiddon to speak with them, whom afterward to my great grief, I left buried in the said island after my return from Guiana, being a man most honest and valiant. The Spaniards seemed to be desirous to trade with us, and to enter into terms of peace, more for doubt of their own strength than for aught else, and in the end, upon pledge, some of them came aboard. The same evening there stole aboard of us in a small canoe two Indians, the one of them being a cassique, or lord of people, called Cantyman, who had the year before been with Captain Whiddon, and was of his acquaintance. By this Cantyman we understood what strength the Spaniards had, how far it was to their city, and of Don Antonio de Berreo the governor, who was said to be slain in his second attempt of Guiana, but was not.

• While we remained at Puerto de los Hispanioles some Spaniards came aboard us to buy linen of the company, and such other things as they wanted, and

also to view our ships and company; all which Ientertained kindly, and feasted after our manner. By means whereof, I learned, of one and other, as much of the estate of Guiana as I could, or as they knew. For those poor soldiers having been many years without wine, a few draughts made them merry, in which mood they vaunted of Guiana, and of the riches thereof, and all what they knew of the ways and passage, myself seeming to purpose nothing less than the entrance or discovery thereof; but bred in them an opinion that I was bound only for the relief of those English whom I had planted in Virginia, whereof the bruit was come among them, which I had performed in my return, if extremity of weather had not forced me from the said coast.

'I found occasions of staying in this place for two causes. The one was, to be revenged of Berreo, who the year before betrayed eight of Captain Whiddon's men, and took them while he departed from them to seek the E. Bonaventure, which arrived at Trinidado the day before from the East Indies; in whose absence Berreo sent a canoe abcard the pinnace, only with Indians and dogs, inviting the company to go with them into the woods to kill a deer, who, like wise men, in the absence of their captain, followed the Indians, but were no sooner one harquebus-shot from the shore, but Berreo's soldiers lying in ambush had them all, notwithstanding that he had given his word to Captain Whiddon, that they should take water and wood safely. The other

cause of my stay was, for that by discourse with the Spainards, I daily learned more and more of Guiana, of the rivers and passages, and of the enterprise of Berreo, by what means or fault he failed, and how he meant to prosecute the same.

• While we thus spent the time, I was assured by another cassique of the north side of the island, that Berreo had sent to Marguerita, and to Cumana, for soldiers; meaning to have given me a cassado at parting, if it had been possible. For although he had given order through all the island, that no Indian should come aboard to trade with me upon pain of hanging or quartering, (having executed two of them for the same, which I afterward found), yet every night there came some with most lamentable complaints of his cruelty; how he had divided the island, and given to every soldier a part, that he made the ancient cassiqui, which were lords of the country, to be their slaves, that he kept them in chains, and dropped their naked bodies with burning bacon, and such other torments, which I found afterward to be true. For in the city, after I entered the same, there were five of the lords or little kings (which they call cassiqui in the West Indies) in one chain, almost dead of famine, and wasted with torments; these are called in their own language acarewana, and now of late, since English, French, and Spanish are come among them, they call themselves capitains, because they perceive that the chiefest of every ship is called by that name. Those five capitains in the chain were

called Wannawanare, Carroaori, Maquarima, Tarroopanama, and Aterima.

• So, as both to be revenged of the former wrong, as also considering, that to enter Guiana by small boats, to depart 400 or 500 miles from my ships, and to leave a garrison in my back interested in the same enterprise, who also daily expected supplies out of Spain, I should have savoured very much of the ass, therefore, taking a time of most advantage,

I set upon the corp du guard in the evening, and: having put them to the sword, sent Captain Calfield onward with sixty soldiers, and myself followed with forty more, and so took their new city, which they call S. Joseph, by break of day. They abode not any fight after a few shot, and all being dismissed but only Berreo and his companion, I brought them with me aboard, and at the instance of the Indians I set their new city of S. Joseph on fire.

The same day arrived Captain George Gifford with your lordship's ship, and Captain Keymis, whom I lost on the coast of Spain, with the gallego, and in them divers gentlemen and others, which to our little army was a great comfort and supply.

• We then hastened away toward our purposed. discovery. And first I called all the captains of the island together that were enemies to the Spaniards, for there were some who Berreo had brought out of other countries, and planted there to eat out and waste those that were natural of the place, and by. my Indian interpreter, who I carried out of Eng