Perchance, because some of these words acquired the same bad odour as has pamphlet: if we may believe the following words from the Fr. Dict. by J. Ch. Laveaux, which describes it as "un môt Anglais on le prend souvent en mauvaise part."

Of the Fr. word lampons, from which our lampoon is derived, the same Dict. adds:

"Expression populaire. Sorte de chanson à boire, où l'on répète à la fin de chaque couplet, lampons, pour dire, buvons. Cette chanson n'est plus d'usage, même parmi la populace."

In a short time, I dare say, the word will drop out of future French dictionaries, and should our word lampoon ever be revived in France, it will doubtless figure in new dictionaries as "un môt Anglais."

Brochure very probably was the fashionable word in France, and jostled pamphlet out of its place as it bids fair to do here.

If pamphlet were an English word, would it have been adopted into the French language without a change in spelling, indicative of a Frenchman's effort to pronounce our word pamphlet as we do? Is not this the case with biftec, bouledogue, and rosbif? the only three English words naturalised in France which occur to me at the

Interchange of "a" and "i" (2nd S. i. 236.; ii. 437. 457.)-Though I believe that E. C. H. is right in saying that long i is but seldom converted into a, allow me to remind him of the following statement in Matthiæ's Greek Grammar:

"A, or q, and et are interchanged by the Dorians, e.g κλάξ, ἀπόκλαξον, for κλείς, ἀπόκλεισον. See Valck. ad Theocr. Id. vi. 22."

Since the Greek a represents the long i, I consider the above as a fair example. ROVILLUS. Norwich.

Corder for the murder, I visited the Red Barn, and saw the place where the remains were found. It was the bin on the right side of the barn, as you entered by the front doorway. The barn was of wood, and had been painted red, though very little colour then remained. It has since been pulled down. It stood high up in a field, near the few houses which compose the village of Polstead in Suffolk.

When Corder had murdered his unhappy victim, he dug a shallow grave for her in. the Red Barn; and when the harvest was got in, he took care to have the bin filled with corn, and was present himself to see it carefully stacked. The men complained of a bad smell in the barn, for the corpse of his victim was but thinly covered with earth; but Corder said it proceeded from dead rats, and no further notice was then taken of the circumstance. He was observed always to leave the barn the last, and to take the keys in his pocket. What led to the discovery of the murder was the circumstance of the father of the poor murdered young woman dreaming for three nights that his daughter had been murdered, and buried in the Red Barn. In consequence of this the corn was removed, and the body discovered a slight depth underground. But the three dreams I never considered so extraordinary.or important as. they were represented. The father would naturally be anxious and constantly thinking of his lost child; and suspicion had already rested on the murderer. Moreover, the Red Barn was the very place to deposit the body, and hints had been frequently dropped as to the probability of her being there. These circumstances I think quite sufficient to cause the father's dreams, and to take away much of the mysterious significancy which was at the time attached to them. F. C. H.

Precentor of the Province of Canterbury (2nd S. ii. 389. 459.) —

"It may be mentioned here, that, by the regulations of the Province of Canterbury, the Bishops are considered as forming a Cathedral Chapter, of which the Primate is the Bishop, the Bishop of London Dean, the Bishop of Salisbury Precentor, the Bishop of Lincoln Chancellor, and the Bishop of Winchester Sub-dean."— First Report of Her Majesty's Commissioners for Inquiring into the State of Cathedral and Collegiate Churches, &c., appointed Nov. 10, 1852 (Report printed 1854), p. ix. Murg.; Lyndwood's Provinciale; Wilkins, ii. 115.

J. SANSOM.

Organ Tuning (2nd S. ii. 457.)-With reference to MR. DIXON'S observations on the above subject, I am most happy in stating, that it is an error to speak of the late Col. Perronet Thompson, for that gentleman is still living, and now holds the rank of Major-General.

General Perronet Thompson has written several works relative to tuning; among others, are Instructions to my Daughter for playing on the

Enharmonic Guitar, folio, Goulding, 1830. Also, articles on the same subject in the Westminster Review, under the following titles, "Enharmonic of the Ancients," "Harmonics of the Violin," "Enharmonic Organ," "Woolhouse's Essay on Musical Intervals," &c., &c. The above were published in the Westminster Review between the years 1832 and 1835; but the whole of MajorGen. Thompson's articles in that periodical, with other works by him, were republished in 1842, in 6 vols. small 8vo., by Effingham Wilson, Royal Exchange.

An enharmonic organ that had been constructed under Major-Gen. Thompson's superintendence was exhibited among the musical instruments at the Great Exhibition in Hyde Park

in 1851.

Kensington.

R. H.

says

Clergymen wearing Cassocks (2ad S. ii. 412.) If any proof were wanting that clergymen, in the last century, were in the habit of wearing their cassocks in some cases as their every-day costume, that proof is to be found in Joseph Andrews. Parson Adams travelled about the country in it. "Is the gentleman a clergyman then?" Barnabas, "for his cassock had been tied up when he first arrived." "Yes, Sir," said the footman, "and one there be but few like." And when the hounds attacked him, cheered on by their master, to the infinite disgust of the huntsman, who said, "That it was the surest way to spoil them to make them follow vermin, instead of sticking to a hare," he escaped with the loss of a third part of it.

It is clear that Fielding would not have clothed parsons in a mere fancy dress. R. W. B. Knowledge is Power" (2nd S. ii. 352.) → The original idea is King Solomon's, Proverbs, xxiv. 5., "A wise man is strong." P. P.

-

"Drowned" in the sense of "Buried" (2nd S. ii. 221.) — MR. JAMES GAIRDNER has supplied you with an ingenious and elaborate article on the use and abuse of the word drown.. His theory goes to prove that drown is analogous to bury, and that so far as the Duke of Clarence is concerned, he was not drowned in a butt of malmsey, but simply buried, or his body consigned to the deep in a vessel of that description.

On reading Kennett's History of England the other day, I met with a passage in which the word drown is certainly not applied in its usual signifi

cation:

"But the princes drew their cannon up another hill on the right hand of the enemy, there being a large bottom, and a hill of vineyards, betwixt the two armies, which were not visible but from thence; for the one hill drowned the other to them in the bottom."- Vol. ii. p. 723.

Duc de Lauragnois (1st S. ix. 638.) - Your assertion that the duke wore the remains of his correspondent appears to doubt the truth of the wife's body in a ring. I believe that it is the truth; and I have always understood that the chemical process to which E. H. A. alludes was of the body was reduced to a caput mortuum in the repeated combustion; till at length all that remained crucible, the size of a small pebble, and of a glassy, green, appearance.

I should think that this ring is still in existence, and probably treasured as an invaluable relic by the representatives of the duke. HENRY T. RILEY.

Sayings about the Weather (2nd S. ii. 227.) — The "saying" recorded by CUTHBert Bede is not confined to Worcestershire. It extends to Norfolk, where it is worded thus:

"Saturday's change, and Sunday's full, Never brought good, and never wull !” I suspect the first line in the Worcestershire saying ought to run thus, to rhyme with the second:

'Saturday's change, and Sunday's full moon."

F. C. H. In the county of Dorset the lines run thus: "A Saturday's change and a Sunday's full Comes too soon whenever it wool."

CLERICUS RUSTICUS. Custom at Dunchurch Church (2nd S. ii. 266.)— I remember reading (in an old book of anecdotes, accustomed to go round the edifice, during service, I believe) that at a certain church the beadle was carrying a long staff, at one end of which was a fox's brush, at the other a knob; with the former he gently tickled the faces of those sleepers who were of the female sex, while on the heads of their male compeers he bestowed with the knob a rap. And often in country churches, where the children of the national schools sit in the aisles, the beadle may be seen rapping those who fall asleep (as well as those who are disorderly) with a cane. I have seen it done at Little Hampton Church, Sussex. I should think such work would seldom be performed by the churchwarden. THRELKELD.

sensible

Cambridge.

Gelsthrop Arms (2nd S. ii. 211. 377.)- In reply to C. T., I have no authority to state whether there was either an individual or a family entitled to armorial bearings of this name. My desire for information on this point arose from finding the name in connexion with the ancient, but now extinct, family of Pendock, formerly of Pendock and Gotherton, co. Worcester. Richard Pendock, of this family, married the heiress of the feudal family of Barry of Tollerton, co. Notts; and in the pedigree before me, their great grand-son, Richard Pendock of Tollerton, married Anne (Elizabeth), daughter of William Gelsthorpe of Wharton. The connexion of the Gelsthorpes with Fishlake, co. York, is not mentioned in this pedigree; but in Burke's Commoners (vide Barry of Roclaveston), there is a short notice of the Pendocks, in which William Gelsthorpe is stated to have been of Wharton and Fishlake.

I have not been able to ascertain any bearings ascribed to the name of Gelsthorpe, and have only concluded they might be entitled to arms from their alliance with the Pendocks. T. B.

Naked Boy Court (2nd S. ii. 387. 460.)-Pannier Alley and Naked Boy Court were not one and the same place, as suggested by MR. TAYLOR: the former running from Blow-bladder Street (so called from the bladders formerly sold there, when the shambles were in Newgate Street,) to Paternoster Row, while the latter was situated on Ludgate Hill. It is probable the name of Naked Boy Court took its origin from a sign at some time affixed to one of the houses situated therein, and was not peculiar to Ludgate Hill; as there were other places of the same name, in Little Elbow Lane, Thames Street, and the Strand, while Naked Boy Alleys were situated in Piccadilly and Southwark; and Naked Boy Yards in Back Street, Lambeth, and Deadman's Place; whilst Pannier Alley, more probably, derived its name from being the standing-place of bakers with their panniers, when bread was sold, not in shops as at the present day, but in markets only.

EVERARD HOME COLEMAN.

79. Wood Street, Cheapside.

Names of Streets (2nd S. ii. 387.)-The two Queries in "N. & Q." on "Public House Signs," "The Naked Man" and "Naked Boy Court," remind me of a very remarkable name of a street in Amiens, some thirty-five years since, which gave strong reminiscence of the revolutionary period of 1792. The street bore the ominous name of Rue Corps nu sans tête. Our neighbours have, to English ears at least, some very strange names for their streets: few places perhaps more than Boulogne-sur-Mer, which rejoices, among others, in the following: Rue des Vieillards, Rue Fiel de Boeuf, Rue Puits d'Amour, Rue tant perde

-

tant paye possibly formerly the location of a gambling house. But under what circumstances the following singular appellation was given has always been a puzzle to me, Rue écoute si pluie. I should be glad if any of your intelligent correspondents could give the origin of these odd phrases, particularly the last two? R. H. Kensington.

Races on Foot by naked Men (2nd S. ii. 329.) –

In reply to a Query by your correspondent, HENRY T. RILEY on this subject, such races as he describes are now in vogue in South Staffordshire; and were, until within the last few years, very common in fact, all the foot-races I have heard of in this vicinity have come off in the same manner as the first race described by MR. RILEY on Whitworth Moor. One Whitmonday, about four years ago, I saw a race "against time" run on a public turnpike road in Westbromwich, by a man whose only clothing was a very small pair of drawers; this race was witnessed by some hundreds of people of both sexes. In the summer season, I have often come upon a batch of "runners" practising in a secluded spot for some forthcoming race, and they were invariably divested of all clothing, save the drawers; their object being to carry as little weight as possible. E. P. Dudley.

Miscellaneous.

NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.

Mr. Peter Cunningham is a very lucky fellow. He has been entrusted, and his peculiar knowledge justifies the selection, with the editorship of the first collected edition be the standard one, Cunningham's Walpole will henceof an English Classic; and as this will no doubt hereafter forward be as regularly quoted as Tyrwhitt's Chaucer. That Walpole is an English classic, who will gainsay? With the exception of James Howel, he was in point of time the first of English letter-writers. That he is first in literary rank the majority of readers will readily admit. With fancy and imagination enough for a poet, learning sufficient to have established his reputation as a scholar, wit equal to both, and a social position which put him in possession of all the gossip and scandal of the day, what wonder is it that Horace Walpole should shine preeminent as a letter-writer? His style, modelled upon is perfect in its ease and simplicity; and his pictures of those sparkling French writers whom he so delighted in, society combine at once the truth of Hogarth and the grace of Watteau. When we add that in his delightful correspondence one may read the political and social histhe Second to the breaking out of the first French Revotory of England from the middle of the reign of George lution, we do not risk damaging our reputation as prophets, when we predict that, great as has been the success of former publications of these Letters, yet greater suc cess will attend the present edition. For be it remembered, this edition contains not only all the letters hitherto

published, arranged in chronological order, and many now first collected or first made public, but also the notes of all previous editors, among whom are Lord