some study and advance in the serum-therapy has been made. The author has been very painstaking in his work and has done it in the midst of his official duties. He has given very well a summary of the most important experimental evidences in the field of research to which it relates. Unsolved questions receive little attention. He has quoted freely from his Manual of Bacteriology. The book is well written, and the publishers have done an excellent piece of work. The author spells the name " Vaughn" instead of the correct way 66 Vaughan."

REPRINTS, ETC., RECEIVED.

A Dressing for Fractures of the Lower Extremity. By M. A. Verder, M. D. Reprint from the Medical News.

An Improved Binaural Stethoscope and Improved Soft Rubber Bell. By R. K. Valentine, M. D. Brooklyn. Reprint from the Medical News.

The Charity Hospital and the Alumni. Inaugural Address delivered before the Charity Hospital of Louisiana. Alumni Association. By Joseph Holt, M. D., President.

Weekly Abstracts of Sanitary Reports. Volume IX. 1894. Issued by the Supervising Surgeon General M. H. S. Washington: Government Printing Office. 1895.

The Relations of Infectious Processes to Mental Disease. By Charles K. Mills, M. D. Reprint from the Transactions of the Congress of American Physicians and Surgeons. 1894.

A New Apparatus for Applying Plaster Jackets, with a Brief Review of the Methods Hitherto Used. By R. Tunstall Taylor, M. D. Reprint from the Johns Hopkins Hospital Bulletin.

Annual Report of the Supervising Surgeon General of the Marine-Hospital Service of the United States for the Fiscal Year 1893; In Two Volumes. Washington: Government Printing Office. 1895.

Recent Improved Methods in Infant Feeding; with especial Reference to Modified Milk. By R. Tunstall Taylor, B. A., M. D., Surgeon to the Hospital for the Relief of the Crippled' and Deformed, Baltimore. Reprint from the Medical News.

THE INDEFINITE MEDICAL NOTE.
Canadian Practitioner.

THE practitioner, to gain knowledge from the experience of others, should be possessed of accurate and clear information. To accomplish similar results - by following any one man's practice — one must first learn thoroughly his details of technique, etc. Medical journals frequently contain a department of "Notes," which is often a source of embarrassment to their readers and annoyance to the authority referred to.

DEADBEAT-ISM.

Kansas Medical Journal.

THERE is a disease more or less common in every locality characterized by a constantly manifested tendency to get something for nothing. The symptoms develop rapidly on acquaintance and become chronic. There are no periods of remission, though the symptoms are not always recognized on first acquaintance. The disease seems to affect all classes of people and when once acquired seems very difficult to cure. It is sometimes called "dead beatism." Physicians very frequently meet these cases. They seldom come for the relief of this particular malady, but it is nevertheless very important to recognize it.

THE FOOLISH PHYSICIAN.
Ontario Medical Journal.

ONE glaring example of this is in the case where he is kindly requested by some not unwealthy insurance company to give his opinion whether or not they would be safe in accepting for insurance some applicant whom he has at some time or other attended, and in whose medical application he is referred to as the doctor who was in attendance. He is asked to give the particulars as to duration and severity of the trouble, and what effect it has had on the applicant as a risk. It is the custom to give this opinion gratis, the company usually remembering to furnish an addressed envelope adorned with a postage stamp. Such an opinion is of vastly more value to the company than many postage stamps, and in unfavorable cases may save them thousands of dollars; yet at present, in the absence of any regulation in the matter, the physician feels bound to give the opinion for the sake of the applicant. By no stretch of the imagination could one fancy a member of the legal profession acting so foolishly.

PUBLISHERS' DEPARTMENT.

All letters containing business communications, or referring to the publication, subscription, or advertising department of this Journal, should be addressed as undersigned.

The safest mode of remittance is by bank check or postal money order, drawn to the order of the Maryland Medical Journal; or by Registered letter. The receipt of all money is immediately acknowledged.

Advertisements from reputable firms are respectfully solicited. Advertisements also received from all the leading advertising agents. Copy, to ensure insertion the same week, should be received at this office not later than Monday.

Physicians when communicating with advertisers concerning their articles will confer a favor by mentioning this Journal.

PHARMACEUTICAL.

I HAVE derived the most satisfactory results in all nervous troubles from the use of Peacock's Bromides. I frequently prescribe it and I invariably do so when bromides are indicated, since I am certain to get permanent results. Frederick G. Moore, M. D., 82 West Dedham Street, Boston, Mass.

DR. E. P. HERSHEY, who is Professor of Clinical Medicine in the Gross Medical College and also one of the physicians at St. Anthony's, the largest hospital here, in his lecture to his class at the college on Scarlet Fever, said that the most important thing in scarlet fever was keeping clean and in an antiseptic condition the mouth, nose and upper air passages, and that for this purpose he knew nothing better than Pasteurine, which he says he likes better than Listerine, which he formerly used, because it is a more powerful antiseptic, has such a pleasant odor and tastes and costs less.-Gross Medical College Bulletin, February, 1895.

THE duration of the disease was one year, and this long period was consumed by reason of the irritable condition of the gastro-intestinal tract. The slightest change in the diet would provoke a sharp attack of diarrhea. I placed the child on freshly-filtered milk, cream and boiled water, equal parts, which she failed to digest. I then commenced with peptonized milk, which did well for a short time. Finally, I was compelled to resort to equal parts of filtered milk, cream and boiled water with the addition of two teaspoonfuls of Mellin's Food to each bottle. This seemed to meet the necessities of the case exactly. Meatjuice, 3 j, t. i. d., and a salt bath every day were also ordered. Medicinally, I prescribed 2 grains of the ammoniated citrate of iron in freshly expressed orange juice. This was also too irritating to the bowels, but after reducing the dose so that she might receive 1 grain of the iron and a half drachm of the orange juice twice a day, a marvellously rapid improvement was seen, which soon terminated in complete recovery.- Prof. William C. Hollopeter, in the Medical Bulletin, Philadelphia.

FOR all malarial conditions quinine is the best remedy we have. But associated with this condition there is always more or less

pain, which often renders the life of the individual uncomfortable, if not positively miserable. Antikamnia will remove these unpleasant symptoms and place the system in the best condition for the quinine to do its work. There are a number of ailments, not closely defined, which are due to the presence of the malarial poison. All such conditions are greatly benefited by the use of antikamnia and quinine. In headache (hemicrania), in the neuralgias occurring in anemic patients who have malarial cachexia, and in a large number of affections more or less dependent upon this cachectic condition, the regular administration of this combination will produce the most happy results. In cases of malarial fever it should be given as a prophylactic and

cure.

"Antikamnia and Quinine" are put up in tablet form, each tablet containing two and one-half grains of antikamnia and two and one-half grains of quinine, and is the most satisfactory mode of exhibition.

THE real value of the medicinal peroxide of hydrogen preparations found in the market was ably set forth in an article which recent. ly appeared in the Times and Register by H. Endemann, Ph. D., formerly Associate Chemist to the New York City Board of Health. In this valuable article, the writer states that a standard solution of medicinal H2O2 must answer the following tests:

1. It should contain at least fifteen volumes of available oxygen. 2. The quantity of free acids contained in 100 cubic centimeters should require not less than I c.c. and not more than 3 c.c. of normal volumetric soda solution, to be made neutral. Such a small quantity of free acids is not objectionable. 3. It should not contain any soluble baryta salt. 4. It must be free from sediment. The different brands which he found on the market, being submitted to the above tests, run from 35 to 55 per cent. below the standard, except Hydrozone and Marchand's, which gave the following results: HydrozoneVolume of Available Oxygen determined by means of a solution containing 5.665 Grammes of Permanganate of Potash per liter of distilled water, 27.35; Residue obtained from 100 c.c. of Peroxide of Hydrogen dried at 120 degrees, C. 0.2180; Acidity expressed in cubic centimeters of normal volu

metric soda solution for 100 c.c. of Peroxide, 3.11; Baryta found in Soluble Baryta Salts contained in 100 c.c. of Peroxide, None; Marchand's, volume of available oxygen determined by means of a solution containing 5.665 grammes of permanganate of potash per liter of distilled water, 16.55 ; residue obtained from 100 c.c. of Peroxide of Hydrogen dried at 120 degrees C., 0.564; acidity expressed in cubic centimeters of normal volumetric soda solution for 100 c.c. of Peroxide, 1.29; baryta found in soluble baryta salts contained in 100 c.c. of Peroxide, none.

TO THE intelligent, the true cause of rheumatism and gout is no longer veiled in obscurity, for it is now an established fact that they depend upon the presence of an increased amount of lactic acid in the system, from malassimilation (imperfect first or second digestion), or from want of a proper elimination of deteriorating substances (effete products), through functional disorder of the kidneys, or from suppressed perspiration. Hence, the impropriety and great danger in attempting to cure or even to mitigate the pains of rheumatism, neuralgia or gout, by the use of local applications, such as the various liniments, embrocations, plasters, etc., for it is not only impossible for them to cure, but they will invariably increase the tendency of those dis. eases to metastatize, that is, to pass from the parts primarily affected to the internal organs. Ninety-nine out of every one hundred cases of organic disease of the heart can be distinctly traced to such improper and pernicious treatment. Then in order to effect a radical cure and prevent a more serious form, such as organic disease (conditions in themselves frequently beyond the reach of remedies), it behooves us to remove the cause upon which the disease depends. For a severe attack of rheumatism, neuralgia or gout, give from 25 to 30 drops of Freligh's remedy, mixed in an ordinary wine glass from onehalf to two-thirds full of cold water, three times a day; if the pains are very severe, it may be given every two, three or four hours, until relief is obtained. But when the disease is chronic and the pains not very severe, from 10 to 15 drops once a day, or morning and evening, or morning, noon and night, as the case seems to require, will be sufficient to relieve the pain and eradicate the cause from the system.

WHOLE NO. 745

IN view of the fact as shown by statistics taken from the United States census, about one-half of the recorded deaths for one year occurs in children under five years of age, and about onefourth under one year of age, it behooves us of the medical profession to pay great and very especial attention to the diseases of infants and to study carefully the therapeutic indications involved.

The field is fertile, and judging from experience, well worthy of careful culti vation. The harvest shall be a rich one of precious lives saved for the further advancement of civilization and to the glory of God.

The present may be called the age of the microscope. Experimenters are now, as never before, devoting their time and energies to pathological investigation and to bacteriological research. No man can serve two masters, and in just proportion must the therapy of disease suffer. Assigning a duly prominent place to pathology, without thorough knowledge of which no one is prepared to treat scientifically; acknowledging, at the same time, the incalculable benefit resulting to humanity through the efforts of these patient investigators; still, without a sound therapeutic groundwork, the novice, trembling upon the

threshold of the great temple of medicine, may be likened to the mariner, who has a most accurate chart, but no rudder with which to guide. Therefore, in view of these facts and that the season is fast approaching in which these affections are manifest in greatest frequency and intensity, I deem a few remarks on this subject not inappropriate. If in so doing I may present old facts in a new light, if I may help the young practitioner over the path I found so rugged and give the result of a not inconsiderable experience to the saving of even one life, I shall consider my time and labor amply rewarded.

It is proposed to follow in this paper the classification of Dr. L. Emmett Holt, which is one based upon clinical observation, rather than strict pathological foundation. In his classification no special mention is made of dysentery, because, as he says with great truth, there are many cases met with presenting symptoms that lead us to infer the small intestine to be the principal portion of the tract affected and the autopsy revealing an ulcerative condition of the large bowel alone. Vice versa, many cases presenting predominent dysenteric symptoms also reveal, at the necropsy, an extensive inflammatory condition of the ileum.

According to his classification we have: 1. Simple diarrhea.

2. Acute mycotic diarrhea. (a) Acute dyspeptic diarrhea. (b) Cholera infan

tum.

3. Acute entero-colitis.

4. Chronic diarrhea.

Before entering into the consideration of the individual cases, as here presented, it is well to notice briefly such indications as apply to this class of affections collectively. True to the old adage that an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure, we must devote our attention to prophylaxis, the constant and worthy aim of the conscientious physician. So long as old women continue to advise bathing eyes with warm milk for conjunctivitis, so long as mothers and nurses continue the disgusting and abominable practice of abominable practice of chewing food and stuffing the baby with detritus, mixed with their own spittle, just so long must the physician continue to make inquiry as to the daily habits of families and to teach them the ordinary rules of hygiene. When called to a sick infant it is well to be guided by the mother in seeking to find the nature of the child's ailment, otherwise we are liable to be greatly mistaken in a "snap diagnosis." Beyond this, be her station never so exalted, her surroundings the best, make it a point to direct inquiries and to give directions as if she were ignorant of the simplest hygienic rules. One of the greatest prophylactic measures at our command is the daily bath. The child's bath tub should be used for no other purpose. Many of us have seen it converted into a receptacle for slops. It should be kept as clean as the advertisers of sapolio claim it can be. It should be of tin and should be portable. The child should always be bathed in the morning. The room warm and free from draughts. The child should be stripped and placed in the bath, but never when its stomach is full of food. The bath should be not lower than 85° and not higher than 95° F. Unirritating soap should always be used. The child should be kept in the bath about five minutes, the nurse rubbing its body and limbs all the time.

The bath is completed by placing a small sponge saturated with cold water at the nape of the neck and squeezing it so that a stream of cold water shall suddenly flow along the course of the spinal column. The child is now quickly wrapped in a previously warmed blanket and then wiped dry with a soft cloth, taking one limb at a time from under the blanket and rubbing toward the body. Finally drying and rubbing the body, dressing the child and placing it in the crib. It is astonishing how many people are ignorant of these simple details of a procedure that goes so far toward the bienêtre of these little creatures.

Another important point is the clothing. Winter and summer the infant should wear a broad, soft flannel band sufficient to envelop the whole abdomen. By this means we counteract the effect of sudden draughts, prevent the injurious determination of blood to the abdominal organs with consequent congestion and thus avoid simple diarrhea that so frequently makes mycotic invasion possible. To the same end, warm woolen stockings should be worn, even in summer. The other garments should be as simple as possible, changing the texture with the seasons. One of the most frequent mistakes made by overanxious mothers and ignorant nurses is to dress the infant too warmly while indoors, to smother it beneath blankets and pillows while in its crib. The poor little victim stewed, is exhausted. by sweating so that it becomes susceptible to the least change of temperature. It is impossible to give it sufficient air and sunlight, because it is impossible to add more wraps to its customary indoor apparel. The writer has seen children come to the hospital clinic, in New York, with such a number of layers on, that he should dislike to mention them, for fear of incurring the reputation and envy of Ananias. This was the child's usual indoor dress, with the exception of one layer. We do not need to look into the hospital clinics alone to find examples of this injurious over-careful

ness.

Along with dress we must consider