Written language work should be incidental rather than formal, a luxury instead of a task.— The American Teacher, blackboard. Educational Intelligence. SUCCESS DUE TO EDUCATION.-Vienna, Sept. 29.The "Neue Frele Presse" publishes an interview with Baron Daublebsky von Sterneck von Ehrenstein, the commander of the Austrian navy, in which the Admiral is quoted as saying that he thought the success of the Japanese was due to the superior education of their officers obtained in Europe, to better discipline and to their knowledge of the working of modern weapons. THE TEACHER OF HISTORY,-One of the most popular lectures delivered at the last Oxford summer meeting was that on the "Teaching of History," by Mr. Wells, of Wad-. ham College. His main points may be summarized thus: History teaching should be (1) civic-teaching the duties of citizens; (2) patriotic-inspiring love of England; (3) antiquarian-leading the pupils to take an interest in their surroundings; architectural, monumental, etc. It should be, if possible, in the hands of specialists. A manual or handbook should be used with all but the youngest classes. It is a mistake to allow carelessness and slovenliness in Lecturing should not supersede oral teaching; the main the preparation of written work, and especially at the function of the teaching is to instruct the pupil how to read, Pupils are forming habits that will last through life; so they cannot afford to form incorrect ones, for "habits are soon assumed, but when we strive to strip When pupils are allowed them off 'tis being flayed alive." When pupils are allowed to make figure 3's that look like the sign of scruples, 6's that look like naughts, 7's and 9's that look like interrogation points they will continue to do so through life; so do not let them begin it.-Exchange. Pronouncing Contest. what to skim, and what to perpend. Lastly (and here we nal of Education. Better opportunities will be afforded the students in the Let sides be chosen, as in spelling. Write on a slip of departments of physics and chemistry in the Philadelphia paper the following words: Peremptory, allopathy, armis- Girls High School. The laboratory is being remodeled tice, badinage, burlesque, cerement, condolence, complai- and newly fitted up for individual work. The instruction sant, complex, exemplary, extempore, facade, finance, will be after the lecture system, the professors of chemistry oleomargarine, vagary, pyramidal, pristine, precedent, and physics being occupied with three classes at the same time. Provision is also made for more recitations in Latin, nomenclature, naively. Let the leader on one side pronounce the words; next the time being based on a system of five hours, instead of the leader on the opposite side, and so on, alternately, un- three as heretofore. Important changes will be made in the manner of conIntil all contestants have had a trial. Mark all errors, and place on the blackboard the number made by each side. ducting recitations and the system of marks. the pupil's recitations will It is safe to say that you will not, on the first trial, find stead of by numerals perfection in pronouncing these words. Renew the con- be graded by letters. A stands for excellent ;b, good; c, test on the following day, and again, if necessary. Let it indifferent, but sufficient for promotion; d, failure. At the end of each quarter the pupil will carry home a report. This be understood that a new list will not be given until every provision will point out to the girl her position and progress in class and will also enable the parents to stimulate contestant can pronounce each word in the old list. the aspiring student with wise council or reproof if there be that necessity, which Dr. Wight thinks there will not. -Educational Gazette. The new science building at Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine, was dedicated and formerly presented to the college last week. It is the gift of Edward F. Seales, of New York. Of the nine candidates successful in the late examination in the art, theory and history of teaching at the London University, eight are women. One of the many good results of military instruction at seventy-five or eighty colleges in this country has been the noticeable improvement in the carriage of lads that enter college without previous military training. Alexander College, the woman's hall at Dublin University, is named from the Princess of Wales, who took her degree of doctor of music from Dublin. 4. State two thoughts which have been suggested in these books which have proved helpful to you. 5. What educational meetings have you attended during the present school year? 6. State briefly any benefits you have derived from such meetings. 7. Point out in what subjects and in what particular feature you believe that your teaching has improved the present year. 8. With what particular features of your work are you least satisfied? How have you tried to improve in these particulars? 9. Have you gained any additional insight into child nature? If so, what? ARBOR DAY OCTOBER 19.-The Superintendent of Public Instruction has designated Friday, October 19, as autumn Arbor Day for Pennsylvania. The Glasgow University is the first of the Scottish universities to recognize women by giving the degree of The University Committee of the Board of Education bachelor of medicine and master in surgery to two ladies. has wisely decided to open two of the city scholarship to As Miss Marion Gilchrist, who ranked third on the list of women, and the university, whose post-graduate work the graduates who took the degrees "with high commen- in the school of biology and other like departments is aldation," passed up the dais to be "capped" by the princi- ready open to women, will undoubtedly accept this new pal, she received a perfect ovation of enthusiastic applause, which was warmly joined in by the professors; and Miss Lillian Cumming was quite as heartily welcomed. step in bringing the university closer to our public school system. As far as possible the city scholarships in the University should be made the means of improving the training of teachers, instead of simply aiding men in obAs many as 15,000 bound volumes have been added to taining a professional education, and the admission of the Columbia College library during the past year, making women on these scholarship will be an important addition the increase in the last five years 84,000, and the total to the facilities for training teachers in our public schools. number of volumes now in the library over 180,000. This library is freely consulted by teachers of New York and surroundings, offering advantages that none of the public libraries of the city have provided. The new Soldier's Orphans Industrial School building at Scotland, in Franklin County, bas progressed so well that it is expected to have it completed by the middle of November. It has been found, however, that the appropria Superintendents and principals might with advantage tion is not sufficient to purchase furniture and supplies, adopt a plan of Supt. H. E. Kratz, of Sioux City, Ia, to which will delay the opening of the school until the next obtain a better information regarding the professional Legislature has made the proper provision. This ought standing, advancement, and needs of teachers under their to have been guarded against. It will be almost two months supervision. He addressed a letter to his teachers a king for answers to the following questions: 1. What educational journals have you regularly read this year? 2. Mention some useful hints that you have received from those journals and have successfully applied. after the building is finished before the Legislature will meet and probably many weeks after that before an appropriation can be got through. Such delay might have been prevented by a little foresight. Ex-President Geo. S. Lilley, of the Pullman Agricul 3. What educational book or books have you read dur-tural College, has gone to Portland, Ore.,to engage in educaing the present school year? tional work. 87. A's rate of working is to B's as 1⁄2 is to 1⁄2, B's to C's as one-fourth to one-fifth, C's to D's as one-sixth to one-seventh. How long would they together take to do a piece of work which A can do in 930 hours? The President has appointed General William Ward FIRE IN A California CollegE-Mary's College, at Oakland, a handsome brick and stone structure, erected five years ago by the Christian Brothers, was damaged by fire, Sept. 24, to the extent of $100,000, insurance $80,000. The building was completely gutted. The fire is supposed to have originated from a carelessly dropped match. When the fire was discovered there were 122 students and 30 instructors in the residence at the college. All escaped and managed to save valuable papers and some valuable property. For larger salaries or change of location, address Teach ers' Co-Operative Association, 70 Dearborn St., Chicago Orville Brewer, Manager. Query Column. "C" of the work 7 6975 16275 I "All " I -+ + 930 1395 6975 16275 ANSWERS. The following algebraic solution is offered to problem nie? 109 by Morgan T. Gum, of Frankford, Del. 115. Analyze, nut coal LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC t College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. Second (Revised) Edition. New York: Orange Judd Company. 1894. 130 pp., il., 16 mỏ. This is an admirable book on Aluminum is being experimented with as a substitute he subjects of which it treats, and must be valuable not for Bavarian stones for lithographing. Its great lightness only to the amateur but also to the professional fruit grower. gives it the advantage in many directions. The drawback The book is illustrated by nearly fifty engravings, is well at present is the price, but this is likely to be overcome printed on good paper, bound in an attractive paper cover, very soon. For cylinder press-work its elasticity gives it a and will prove of great value to the owner of a spraying decided advantage over the stone. Finely powdered al-pump who desires the most recent information in a uminum, such as is sold as silver-bronze, has been success densed yet adequate form. Price, postpaid, 25 cents. fully used as a flash light. It ignites easily and makes a brilliant white flame. It is said to be superior to magnesium in that it does not spontaneously oxidize, makes no irritating fumes, and burns more completely. An electric plant is to be put in at the canyon of the Santa Ana River, near Redands, Cal., which will furnish light and power to cities and towns within a radius of fifty miles. It will also supply the power for several trolley lines connecting neighboring towns. During a recent cholera epidemic, experiments were made for the purpose of discovering the best germicide for sterilizing the water to be used for bathing. It was found that ordinary toilet-soap, in the proportion 2.5 to 1,000 parts, will kill the cholera bacillus in ten or fifteen minutes. Soaps containing salicylic acid and carbonic acid are found to give no better results than ordinary toilet soap. A bath of thirty gallons of water would require a little more than one-half pound of soap. A gallon of water would require two and a half drams, or a little more than one-fourth of an ounce. Professor Ray, of Washington and Jefferson College, is a famous chemist. He is kept busy making analysis of water, and adds thereby a nice sum to his salary as professor of Chemistry in the College. OUTLINES OF PSYCHOLOGY, by Henry G. Williams, Superintendent of Lynchburg Schools, Ohio, is a volume of 96 pages, published by the author. It is an outline of the principles of Psychology so arranged that the student of this subject and of the theory of teaching may use it as a guide. The outlines proper are supplemented by a short History of Education and a series of questions. It is a valuable little book and it will prove specially helpful to the young teacher. The price is 50 cents. SPRAYING Crops. Why, When, and How. By Clarence M. Weed, D. Sc., Professor in the New Hampshire con Professsor Joseph Rodes Buchanan writes in the Arena for October a suggestive article on "The New Education,' which, from his point of view, should not merely cram the mind with ancient facts or myths, but should give an acquaintance with all the facts of life to day, here and now and should especially train both mind and body. Dr. Buchanan believes that the hands and head should be educated together. He also believes that the moral nature should receive more attention than it does under our system. In his article in the October Forum, President Eliot, of Harvard, draws attention to the striking fact that the three nations which have given the greatest proofs of constitutional vigor,-namely, Germany, England, and the United States-are those which in religious opinions and practices are very heterogeneous, so that no concentrated religious fervor can possibly melt and unite all their people. For the housekeeper and the mother, the October issue of "Table Talk" holds much of interest. 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