ment are no more than a simple record of the fulfilment of the covenant, in all its blessings and curses, exactly adapted to the fulfilment or transgression of its duties by the people. The nation was first governed by Joshua, under the express appointment of God; then by a succession of judges, and afterward by a double line of kings, until conquered and carried into captivity by the kings of Assyria and Babylon; seventy years afterward restored to their country, their temple and their laws; and again conquered by the Romans, and ruled by their tributary kings and proconsuls. Yet, through all their vicissitudes of fortune, they never complied with the duties to which they had bound themselves by the covenant, without being loaded with the blessing promised on Mount Gerizim, and never departed from them without being afflicted with some of the curses denounced upon Mount Ebal. The prophetical books are themselves historical-for prophecy, in the strictest sense, is no more than history related before the event; but the Jewish prophets (of whom there was a succession, almost constant, from the time of Joshua to that of Christ), were messengers, specially commissioned of God, to warn the people of their duty, to foretell the punishments which awaited their transgressions, and, finally, to keep alive, by unintermitted prediction, the expectation of the Messiah, 'the seed of Abraham, in whom all the families of the earth should be blessed.'"

Extract from a Speech of the Earl of Liverpool on the Distribution of the Bible, and its value.

He had no hesitation in avowing that the object of the Bible Society was in perfect accordance with his principles.-If, for a moment, he could consider the principles or the proceedings of that society as hostile to the religion of his country, as by law established, he would be the last man in the kingdom to yield it his support; but believing as he did, that the labors of the Bible Society tended to promote Christianity in general throughout the world, and ultimately the pure principles of the Church of England, he felt it his duty to promote its success by all the means in his power.

As a member of the Established Church, he felt it his duty to support that establishment, and he should be most happy if the liturgy of the church could always be circulated together with the Bible, because it was his sincere opinion that the liturgy of the Church of England was the best of all human compositions; but were there not circumstances which rendered the attainment of such an object absolutely impracticable? The operation of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge was limited: the Bible may be circulated where the prayer-book will not be received. Among all sects and descriptions of persons in Great Britain, the Bible may be

circulated; and should we withhold the Scriptures from any part of our fellow subjects, because they are not at this time prepared to receive the prayer-book, which is founded upon them?

In Ireland, (whatever difference of opinion may exist elsewhere, as to the state and condition of that part of the United Kingdom,) it is quite clear that religious prejudices must, in most cases, prevent the prayer-book being received with the Bible; and shall we forego the advantage of circulating the word of God among all classes and all sects in that country, giving them an opportunity of forming their conscientious opinions on the Bible; and thereby affording, perhaps, hereafter the most simple and effectual remedy to those evils which we all equally deplore? The principles of this society adapt it, indeed, to convey the word of life to the whole world. Britons have a duty, an important duty to perform, arising out of their extensive colonies and foreign possessions. As Christians, we ought to deplore that this duty has been so long neglected; but surely he might now appeal to them as Christians and as Protestants, whether they would neglect the advantages of such an instrument, in promoting the circulation of the Scriptures throughout the colonies and dependencies of Great Britain?

The Bible Society was now no longer a theory. It had been in practical operation for a period of more than seventeen years, and so far from injuring other societies, which had the same object in view, it had been proved that it has materially benefited them, and by its exertions the Scriptures had been translated into numerous languages, with the names even of some of which we were scarcely acquainted.

If, upon so solemn and important a subject, it could be allowed to feel pride, he should say that he felt a national pride that so extensive, so benevolent an institution, which conveyed the best of blessings to every nation and people, had originated in this country. It was a duty we owed to God, who had so benefited this country, by bestowing upon us such innumerable and unparalleled blessings, who enabled us so lately to weather the storm, which had so long hovered over us, to surmount the difficulties of one of the most momentous periods in our history, and who had crowned the nation with a glorious peace-it was a duty, he said, we owed to divine. Providence, to make all mankind feel that, in acknowledging the favors Heaven has so bountifully conferred upon us, we were anxious to convey to them the greatest blessing Heaven can bestow, by circulating as extensively as possible the word of eternal life.

THE COST OF VICTORY.

In order to form some idea of the waste of human life in battle, and the price of martial glory, we give the annexed table, which may be safely assumed as containing only about one-third of the actual destruction of life sustained during the Mexican campaigns, if we include in the account disease and casualties.

The subjoined table was prepared in the Adjutant-General's office, and furnishes a list of the losses sustained by our army since the commencement of the war:

The above is complete as far as it goes. No account is given of the losses sustained in guerilla fights, skirmishes, &c., which must have been severe; neither is there any list furnished of the number of deaths by sickness, &c. &c., which must amount to thousands.

As appropriate to this subject, we subjoin an extract from a speech delivered by General Pierce of New Hampshire, a distinguished soldier, on his return home, after the bloody battles in Mexico.

When officers and men fought with such obstinate bravery, and rushed with such reckless daring to obtain the victory, we wonder no longer that the victory was gained, nor at the price of human life which purchased it.

"New Hampshire," said General Pierce, "had no occasion for any other feeling than that of pride in regard to her sons who belonged to the command. They had proved themselves brave, devoted, self-sacrificing spirits. And Concord, too, was well represented among them. There was Henry Caldwell-one of the bravest and most determined soldiers in the army. There was Sergeant Stowell, who was shot plump through the heart at Churubusco. As his last breath flowed, he whispered to me- Do the boys say I behave well? If I have, write home to my people.' Then there was Sergeant Pike, who had his leg shot off in advancing along on a causeway swept by three batteries. Two amputations, which did not answer the purpose, were performed, and a third was deemed hopeless. Die he must, it was thought. I know better than they do,' he said; I'll try another; and when they cut it again, I hope they will cut it so that it will stay cut. A third amputation was performed, and he lived through it. He, and the others named, were printers. In the new levies, the printers exceed by twenty per cent. those of any other vocation; and on account of their intelligence and high spirit, they have proved the most efficient soldiers in the field.

"Another cause of the success of our troops, new and old, was the conduct of the officers, who, from the highest to the lowest, led and cheered on their columns. Hence the disproportion in the loss of officers and men. Hence the loss of that most brave and accomplished of the officers of the ten new regiments-Colonel Ransom. He kept pressing-pressing up-till he was shot dead at the head

of his column. The same was true of Colonel Martin Scott, the first shot in the army-a son of New Hampshire. He raised himself above the protection of a wall. A brother officer begged him not to expose himself unnecessarily. He replied-Martin Scott has never yet stooped.' The next moment a shot passed through his heart. He fell upon his back, deliberately placed his cap upon his breast, and died. Colonel Graham, after receiving six severe wounds, continued on at the head of his men, and upon receiving a seventh through his heart, slowly dropped from his horse; and, as he fell upon the ground, said-'Forward, my men!—my word is always-forward.' And so saying, he died. Having referred to Lieutenants Foster and Daniels, and to several officers of the old army, General Pierce proceeded to say he had to retract opinions he had formerly entertained and expressed in relation to the military academy at West Point. He was now of opinion that the city of Mexico could not have been entered in the way it was, but for the science and intelligence in military affairs of the officers of the old army, mostly from West Point. Services were rendered by the officers of the topographical engineers and ordnance, which could not have been rendered but by men who had received the most complete military education. The force of the Americans had been overrated. Over 7,500 effective men left Puebla to attack a city of 250,500 inhabitants, defended by 35,000 of the best troops ever raised in Mexico, 100 pieces of cannon, and the finest fortifications ever raised, in addition to the natural defences of marshes and lakes."

THE ROTHSCHILDS.

The following account of the origin and progress of the house of Rothschild will be found interesting. It will be recollected that Baron Rothschild, resident in London, has recently been elected a member of parliament; and a change in the English constitution being necessary to admit a Jew to legislative honors and privileges, the necessary amendment was made. Recently, the English were compelled to yield the legal restrictions on the issue of the Bank of England, because the Baron Rothschild threatened to withdraw his deposits unless the Ministry changed the law; and again the Saxon was compelled to yield to the Jew.

In the year 1740, in a little Jewish settlement in Frankfort-on-theMaine, dwelt a family of poor, but respectable Jew peddlers, and in that year they were blessed with a son whom they called Mayer Anselm Rothschild. They gave him what education their small