catgut stitches-this is to prevent the tube from slipping out; introduce another purse string suture, push in your tube farther and tie. This makes an air-tight and water-tight joint. Drop intestines back into abdominal cavity, and if care is used there should be no soiling of the operative field; two or three interrupted sutures close the posterior sheath and the peritoneum, likewise, the rest of the incision, and the operation is completed.

So many cases of various types have come under our personal observation, in which were evident all the signs of complete ileus, and which responded immediately to this treatment. And wish this method could be used in all our hospitals in like cases, for the benefit of suffering humanity. To summarize, theoretically, a high jejunostomy is the logical operation in delayed cases of obstruction of the bowels.

These findings are conclusively substantiated by clinical practice.

Miss KLEIN and Miss HOFFMAN, Student Nurses of St. Elizabeth Hospital. Lincoln, Neb.

Dear Editor:

Upon reading in the September issue of THE TRAINED NURSE AND HOSPITAL REVIEW the article entitled "Some Practical Problems of Hygiene in the Hospital Ward," I would like to say that in this hospital we always use an inflating bulb for our air cushions. These bulbs may be purchased from Meinicke and Co., New York. They are nothing new, we have used them for a long time. M. BAKER, Supt.

Corrections

We desire to correct several errors, which we deeply regret occurred in the letter "Gangrene of Lung," in October issue. Tr. of Zenzoin should read Tr. of Benzoin. The amount of the mixture to be added to the boiling water is two teaspoons to the quart. The letter should have been signed “J. F. D., Mass. General Hospital Training School."

EDITOR.

Guardians of Michigan's Health and Happiness

"

Hold First State Conference

To raise the leve! of national health is one of the surest ways of raising the level of national happiness."

The installation of the seventh bureau of the Michigan Department of Health, a bureau of Child Hygiene and Public Health Nursing, with Miss Harriet Leck, formerly Superintendent of Nurses at Grace Hospital, Detroit, and Superintendent of Visiting Nurses of New Haven, Connecticut, as its director, was held in conjunction, October 20 and 21, with the first assembly of public health and visiting nurses ever called in Michigan. More than 100 nurses from nearly every county in the State were in attendance, meetings being held in the House of Representatives of the Capitol building.

Formation of the new bureau now enables the Department of Health to cover every public health field in Michigan, there being bureaus of sanitary engineering, laboratories, communicable disease, venereal disease, education, embalming and child hygiene and public health nursing. The new bureau will serve to unify Michigan's child hygiene and public health nursing programs, working as it will in cooperation with the Red Cross and the AntiTuberculosis Association. In fact the conference of nurses was arranged by Dr. R. M. Olin, State Health Commissioner; Miss Elizabeth Parker, executive secretary of the Michigan Anti-Tuberculosis Association; Miss I. Malinda Havey, Michigan Red Cross Field Worker.

Delegates to the convention were instructed in the making of public health posters, viewed various demonstrations at the Lansing Health Center, such as the inspection of rural school children, were shown movies relating to public health and visiting nursing problems, and were conducted through the various divisions of the Michigan Department of Health, the heads of the bureaus explaining just what services county nurses could demand from the

Dr. Olin presided at the opening session, telling the nurses of the Department's proposed plan to have a full-time, qualified medical officer as health officer in each of the 63 counties of the State. Miss Marjorie Delavan, Director of the Bureau of Education, spoke on The Value of Education and Publicity. Dr. C. C. Young, Director of Laboratories, told of the Relations of State Laboratories to Public Health. After each talk there was allotted time for discussion and questions and answers.

During the afternoon of the first day Miss Elizabeth Parker told of the work of the antituberculosis societies in the State and the general program of the Michigan Anti-Tuberculosis Association. Dr. William J. V. Deacon, Director of the Bureau of Communicable Disease, spoke on How the Nursing Profession Can Cut Down the Incidence of Communicable Disease. Miss Mable Rogers, State Director of the Health Crusade, explained how Michigan school children are learning to play the game of correct living, and Dr. E. R. Vanderslice, of the U. S. Public Health Service, chose as his subject, Cooperation of the Nurse with the U. S. Public Health Service. The evening session heard Mrs. Barbara H. Bartlett, Director of Public Health Nursing of the University of Michigan, enumerate, in what was considered one of the most inspirational lectures ever given on public health nursing, the qualities of the ideal public health nurse. Mrs. Dora Stockman, head lecturer of the State Grange, spoke on Rural Health.

Health Centers was the topic discussed Thursday morning by Miss Marie Phelan, Assistant Director of the Department of Nursing of the Central Division of the American Red Cross. The Red Cross Nutritional Program was explained by Miss Nina Streeter, of the Central Division of the Red Cross, while in the afternoon Miss Harriet Leck made a report on the St. Louis Conference of the American Child Hygiene Association. Miss Mary C. Trafford, Kalamazoo County Nurse, talked on County

Nurse, on Dental Clinics, and Miss Kathrine 'Johnston, of Infant Feeding Clinic, Grand Rapids, on Nutritional Work with Children of Pre-school Age.

Before adjourning the delegates unanimously passed the following resolutions:

WHEREAS, We, the Public Health Nurses of Michigan, in conference in Lansing, October 20-21, 1920, recognizing that in unity there is strength, submit the following resolutions:

First. Resolved, That we offer our services to the United States Public Health Department through the State Director of Child Hygiene and Public Health Nursing, for the purpose of reaching disabled ex-service men and women. Second. Resolved, That we recommend to the American Legion of the State of Michigan that in order to meet the present emergency in caring for tuberculous ex-service men and women, that immediate efforts be made to increase the bed capacity of the already existing sanatoria.

Third. Resolved, That we support the State Commissioner of Health in securing a law to establish a full-time qualified medical health officer for each county in Michigan; and be it further resolved that we support and cooperate with the present plans of the Bureau of Child Hygiene and Public Health Nursing of the State Department of Health.

Fourth. Resolved, That this conference has been of great value to the Public Health Nurses of Michigan, and we would therefore respectfully request that the State Department of Health arrange for frequent State and district meetings and we would suggest that the districts of the State Nurses' Association be used as the unite wherever possible.

Fifth. Resolved, That while continuing to support and cooperate with the Public Health section of the Michigan State Nurses' Association but, whereas, the Public Health Nurses of the State realize the benefits to be derived from contact with those of the medical profession who are interested in public health and members of the Michigan State Public Health Association, we respectfully request that a section on Public Health Nursing be created in the Michigan State Public Health Association. Respectfully submitted:

MRS. ELSBETH H. VAUGHN,

MELINDA I. HAVEY

MARY ROACH

MRS. HELEN MOORE.

Chairman

We congratulate the Public Health Nurses of Michigan on the splendid success of their con

First Institute for Industrial Nurses An Institute for Industrial Nurses, the first of its kind, was held this fall at the New Haven School for Public Health Nursing. Fifty-four registered public health nurses from eight states attended. The varied industries represented and the discussions of the nurses brought out very clearly the fact that, while no fixed rules can be worked out to fit all places, it is possible to state definitely the fundamental principles of industrial nursing.

There were representatives from a university, mercantile department, a State Department of Health, Visiting Nurses' Association, canning, packing, chocolate and soap industries; wire and paper mills, manufacturers of leather and rubber goods, monument, typewriter and corset works, roller bearings, sporting goods, tools and electrical appliances, printing and oil plants. The states represented were Connecticut, Massachusetts, New York, Rhode Island, New Jersey, New Hampshire, Illinois, Michigan.

The program lasted ten days and included lectures and round tables on Public Health Nursing, Industrial Nursing, Industrial Hygiene, Industrial Diseases, Records, Ethics of Industrial Nursing and Medicine, Industrial Relations, as well as excursions to manufacturing plants. Four periods were given over to lecrecreation and other methods for counteracting industrial monotony. Play demonstrations were given and every one joined in folk dancing and simple games.

tures on

The nurses were asked to express their opinions as to the most valuable features of this Institute. Some quotations follow:

"It is difficult to say which feature of the Institute has been of the most value, but possibly the discussion of our problems made us feel that we were giving as well as receiving help, although we derived a great deal of good from all of the lectures."

"The Institute showed me some ways of handling these problems and the opportunity of meeting many nurses in the same line of work was a pleasure indeed."

"I think the most helpful feature of the Institute has been the broadened vision of the possibilities and responsibilities of industrial nursing."

Most of the nurses wished for a larger Institute, with more round tables and excursions. Other suggested a shorter period, because it would be easier to be relieved of their duties for one week. The desire for an institute next

The interest of employers was shown by the fact that many nurses attended at the expense of their firms.

The Florence Nightingale Missionary League The League will have a second pupil nurse in China to its credit this year. One of the members, a nurse in the middle west, has undertaken the entire support for a year ($100) for another nurse in the Williams and Porter Hospitals, Tehchow, China. Think of her satisfaction in having her own personal representative in so needy a field.

Another nurse has undertaken half of the support of a pupil nurse in the Magaw Hospital at Foochow, China, and will continue it for the coming year. It would be delightful if someone would take the other half, $50. Who wants a representative for half a year?

Miss Myra L. Sawyer, who is in charge of the training school at Tehchow, is just returning to China from her furlough in the United States. She writes on the eve of her departure: "The summer's drought has brought an appalling grain famine in our region. Full 800,000 of our 3,000,000 clientele face certain starvation between January and June unless help is given. Babies are being thrown in the wells by distracted parents, and there is an unprecedented number of suicides among adults. My heart aches as I face going back to these conditions without money to assure at least the care of the sick among this number." She adds: "Give to the Florence Nightingale contributors the hearty appreciation of all the staff, and that of the girls who are using the nursing scholarships."

Trained Nurse

Trained Nurse (Psychiatric)
Panama Canal Service

The United States Civil Service Commission announces open competitive examinations for trained nurse and trained nurse (psychiatric) on December 15, 1920. Vacancies in the Panama Canal Service will be filled from this examination, unless it is found in the interest of the service to fill any vacancy by reinstatement, transfer, or promotion.

SALARY.-The entrance salary for female nurses is $110 a month, with promotion at the end of each year of service of $5 a month until a maximum of $125 a month is reached. The entrance salary for male nurses is $115 a month, with promotion at the end of each year of $5 a month until a maximum of $130 a month is

The entrance salary for female nurses (psychiatric) is $125 a month, with promotion at the end of each year of service of $5 a month until a maximum of $140 a month is reached. The entrance salary for male nurses (psychiatric) is $130 a month, with promotion at the end of each year of service of $5 a month until a maximum of $145 a month is reached.

Appointees to either position will be furnished subsistence when present for duty, for which a deduction of $20 a month from their salary will be made.

CITIZENSHIP AND SEX.-All citizens of the United States who meet the requirements, both men and women, may enter these examinations; appointing officers, however, have the legal right to specify the sex desired in requesting certification of eligibles.

APPLICATIONS.-Applicants should at once apply for Form 1312, stating the title of the examination desired, to the Civil Service Commission, Washington, D. C.

The exact title of the examination desired, as given at the head of this announcement, should be stated in the application form.

American Hospital Association
Convention Notes

Miss E. M. Lawler, Superintendent of Nurses of Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, presided over the Section on Nursing of the A. H. Convention at Montreal.

A plea for affiliation between schools of nursing and universities was made by Miss Jean I. Gunn, superintendent of nurses of the Toronto General Hospital.

Miss Claribel A. Wheeler, superintendent of nurses, Mount Sinai Hospital, at Cleveland, gave a talk on "The Use of Hospital Helpers in Hospitals." In this connection it was pointed out that the Hospital Helpers referred to were not nurses, but other helpers, such as orderlies, housekeepers, cooks, etc. It was shown that the good of the institution was concerned in cultivating such treatment of the helpers as to bring their service into pleasant and enthusiastic co-operation with the hospital executives and to establish and continue pleasant relations between them.

"The Student Nurse Recruiting Movement" was the text of an interesting address by Miss Carrie Hall, superintendent of nurses, Peter Bent. The speaker stated that a plan had been worked out by the three National Nursing Organizations, which involves a nation-wide cam

resenting the public, medical profession, nurses, the press, etc.

Miss Annie Goodrich, director of nurses, Henry Street Settlement, New York City, spoke on the subject of “The Preparation of the Student Nurse for Public Health Nursing." In the United States, it was shown, there are only 8,000 public service nurses. The demand for public service nurses is very great and the graduates are few. Special nurse training schools have been provided to enable girls to qualify for this kind of work, these schools being in New York, Boston and Chicago.

At the section on Social Service a very interesting paper was presented by Sister Gabrielle of the Order of the Grey Nuns. She spoke of the work of the Grey Nuns with particular attention to the hospitals which have been founded all over the continent. She spoke of the services rendered for over a century in times when epedemics ravaged Montreal, typhus, small-pox, diphtheria and influenza. The care of the poor was their most important work and they found that much of the misery was due to illness, more or less serious. To cope with the work the mother-house has opened fifteen hospitals, the first branch being established in Toledo when it boasted only a thousand souls. Since then many subsidiary houses had been opened, particularly in the West. Sister Gabrielle give it as her opinion that too high a standard of education was not necessary for a nurse. Practical ability and a good heart were the first requisites and to endeavor to maintain too high a standard would be to close the profession to many desirable applicants.

A paper which received much attention was that presented by Dr. F. E. Sampson, Superintendent of the Greater Community Hospital, of Creston, Iowa, on "Community Hospitals As a Solution of the Rural Health Problems," in which he referred to the community hospital of Iowa, in which was concentrated and developed all the public health agencies of a number of counties, representing something like 4,000 miles of territory. In this institution was co-ordinated all the forces, such as the churches, societies, medical profession, and other agencies concerned in public health so that it was the health centre for that large community, radiating all the health activities of the territory.

The American Dietetic Association The Third Annual Meeting of The American Dietetic Association was held at the Hotel

The morning session of October 25 was given over to a meeting of the executive committee. The Afternoon Session was a meeting of the Section on Administrative Work, with Miss Mabel C. Little, Instructor in Institutional Economics, University of Chicago, Chairman. General subject: To What Extent Can Mechanical Equipment Replace Employees in Institutional Work. This was discussed in the following ten-minute talks. College Dormitory— Mrs. Elizabeth Grider, Cornell University. College Dining Room-Miss Cora Colburn, University of Chicago. General Discussion of Equipment. Menu Making; Its Economic Aspect. Dormitory-Miss Elsie Leonard, University of Wisconsin. Hospital-Miss Marguerite Deaver, Mt. Sinai Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio. Cafeteria-Miss Emma Baker, Whittier Hall, Teachers' College, N. Y. Cafeteria-Miss Smith, War Risk Bureau Cafeteria, Washington, D. C. for Economical Buying the Institution.

Evening Session. Address of Welcome by the president, Miss Lulu Graves, Cornell University. Address-Dr. Alonzo E. Taylor, University of Pennsylvania.

Morning Session of Tuesday, 26, Training for Administrative Positions in Cafeterias-Mr. Roland White, The Colonnade Company, Cleveland. Dietetics and the War-Mrs. Mary de Garmo Bryan, Jersey City, N. J. AddressMiss Blanche Geary, Director of Economic Bureau, Y. W. C. A., New York City.

Afternoon Session of Tuesday, 26, Meeting of Section on Social Service, Chairman, Miss Blanche M. Joseph, Field Dietitian, Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago. The Supervising Dietitian in State Institutions-Miss Theresa A. Clough, Springfield, Ill. Infant Feeding, in Welfare Work-Miss Margaret Roche, Grand Rapids, Mich. Social Service in DieteticsMiss Fairfax T. Proudfit, University of Tennessee..

Evening Session, October 26. Diet and Dentition-Dr. W. J. Gies, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York. Attacking the Food Problem, From the American Red Cross Center-Dr. E. A. Peterson, Director of Department of Health Service, American Red Cross, Washington, D. C.

Morning Session, October 27, Dietetics in Public Institutions-Dr. Katherine Bement Davis, General Secretary, Bureau Social Hygiene, New York. Address-Miss Emma Gunther, Teachers' College, New York. Research in Dietetics-Miss Hilda Croll, Womans Medical