[Those who are using the weekly outline should not attempt to cover the whole of an outline in any one lesson or study. Assign for one lesson selected questions, one or two propositions for discussion, and only such words as are found in the material assigned. Or distribute selected questions among different members of the class or group and have them report their findings to all when assembled. Then have all discuss the questions together.]

I-INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Topic: Japan in a Changing World.
Reference: Pages 15-18.
Questions:

1. From what Mr. Mason says in his interview with Prince Yamagata describe in your own words the sort of man the Prince is and discuss the ideals which appear to actuate him. 2. Tell, with reasons, whether you would care to have the Prince your next-door neighbor. 3. Make a list of the historical, political, military, and civil facts you find in this article about Japan. 4. Give a brief account of the causes, the principal events, and the results of the 1877 civil war in Japan. 5. Summarize in similar manner the war of 1888-9 between Japan and China. 6. Tell the story of the transformation of Japan into a modern nation. Do you find, as Mr. Mason suggests, that Japan's progress in the last fifty years has been wonderful? 7. Make several comparisons between the Japanese and the Chinese. 8. Prince Yamagata says several things about China. Tell what you think of his comments. 9. Outline a policy which you think it would be well for Japan to follow in the future and give reasons for the suggestions you make. 10. Name several lessons in Japanese history for the United States. 11. You will find valuable material for this topic in the

not believing that society would be better off if all theaters and theatrical performances were done away with. 8. Discuss whether preachers and school-teachers should attend the theater.

B. Topic: The High Cost of Living; Increase Production; Government Regulation of Prices; Better and Cheaper Milk; To Every One His Due; The Housewife and the High Cost of Living.

Reference: Pages 5, 6; 9,10; 13-15.
Questions:

1. Give as many reasons as you can for the high cost of living. 2. After reading carefully all of the references given for this topic and other material on it, give a summary of the ways of reducing the cost of living that have been suggested. 3. Discuss the soundness of the President's solution of the high cost of living problem. 4. Is it right to blame the Government at Washington for the high prices? Reasons. There are those who believe that the price of wheat regulates everything else. Is this an exaggeration? Discuss at length. 5. Give numerous illustrations of how consumers themselves may boost prices. 6. In a recent issue the Chicago "Tribune" discussed "The High Cost of Strikes." Write an editorial of your own on this topic. 7. Are employees or workmen more to blame for the prevalence of strikes? Give proof of what you say. 8. Is the strike a fit weapon with which to fight the

9. Some cities are saying that the time has come for "the long-suffering public to cease playing the rôle of innocent bystander while employer and employee fight out their differences." Can "the long

and His Time"

Naoichi Masaoka (Putnams); "Japan or Germany," by F. Coleman (Doran); "Modern and Contemporary European History," by J. S. Schapiro (Houghton Mifflin); "The Evolution of Japan," by J. H. Langford (Cambridge University Press)

II-NATIONAL AFFAIRS

A. Topic: The Actors' Strike.
Reference: Pages 11, 12.
Questions:

1. For what reasons are the actors striking (see The Outlook, August 20 and 27, 1919)? Do you think their demands just and reasonable? 2. Tell why the employing managers are opposed to the demands of the actors and actresses. 3. With which side do you sympathize? Give your reasons. 4. Discuss whether collective bargaining and the collective protest are necessary factors in modern industry. 5. Do you think fathers and mothers ought to allow their children to attend theaters? Tell why or why not. 6. Explain how we come to have the theater. Did it originate in the church? 7. Give reasons for believing or

matter? If so, what? 10. Discuss whether it would be wise and just for the American Government to place an embargo on certain necessities, such as leather, wheat, and building materials, in order to reduce high prices in America. 11. What is the proposition suggested by Mary Doane Shelby? Discuss it thoroughly.

III -PROPOSITIONS FOR DISCUSSION (These propositions are suggested directly or indirectly by the subject-matter of The Outlook, but not discussed in it.)

1. The supremacy of a few particular powers is conducive of true peace. 2. The Federal Government should own and control all cold storage plants.

IV-VOCABULARY BUILDING

(All of the following words and expressions are found in The Outlook for September 3, 1919. Both before and after looking them up in the dictionary or elsewhere, give their meaning in your own words. The figures in parentheses refer to pages on which the words may be found.)

Publicist (16); capitalism (17); theater, sedulous (11); pro rata, quid pro quo, sine qua non (12): "highbrow," nationalization of coal mines (5).

MAKING OVER THE ARMY:

A READER'S VIEW Apropos of your article, "Making Over the Army," it should be borne in mind that the future military policy of this country depends largely upon the question of reform in army discipline. If proposed legislation looks to a continuance of the present barbarous system, which is based upon terrorism.and contains many of the features of the Prussian military system-an officer caste with its snobbery and arrogance, an assumption of superiority over the civilian population, and the like-at least two million men and their friends will oppose it to the bitter end.

Both the bills of the Military Training Camps Association and that favored by Secretary Baker aim at a reorganization of the Army. Like The Outlook, I believe the bill first named is by far the better. The other bill faces absolute defeat right now, for, with the exception of abolishing seniority promotions and the useless Inspector-General's Department, it reflects those reactionary tendencies which during the war and since have often been denounced both in and out of Congress. Furthermore, the War Department and Secretary Baker have shown how little they wish to improve our army system by the manner in which they have treated Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel. T. Ansell, formerly Acting Judge-Advocate General of the Army. Neither the Military Training Camps Association Bill nor the other appears to contemplate any change in this vicious system, which is probably doing more to discourage enlistments than is supposed.

There should be some form of universal training with periodical maneuvers along lines prepared by a General Staff that is up to date and not fighting battles with half-century old ideas-a General Staff devoid of ornament, but fully equipped with all that makes any business efficient to-day. When we consider that probably ninety per cent of the men who went overseas were civilians a few months before they went into the trenches, and that our foremost professional military leaders also had a lot to learn before they got under fire, it seems that our future Army must develop more along broad civil or business lines than along the lines of what has been termed "narrow military professionalism."

If we are to be prepared adequately against invasion or to uphold our honor by armed force abroad, then we must make military service in time of peace, as well as in time of war, attractive. We must first of all establish a system of discipline based upon honor and the principles of law and justice rather than upon fear and the will of the commanding officer. All that is mediæval and absurd in military customs should be abolished immediately. Common sense should govern in the matter of uniforms and the salute, if nowhere else. The old idea that the enlisted man is the personal retainer or the servant of his officers should be done away with and be replaced by the idea that officers and men alike are servants of their common country and answerable to its laws. Brutality, arrogance, and snobbery should be discouraged by severe punishments and all commissions should be given only to men duly qualified who have seen service in the ranks.

So, if we are to adopt a military policy, we must see to it that it is one that will appeal to the millions of men who served their country during the late emergency. HARRY W. PALMER.

Jersey City, New Jersey.

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