causing to be advertised any such meeting, and every person who shall print or publish, or cause to be printed or published, any such advertisement, shall forfeit ten pounds. Every person who shall be drunk on the Lord's Day, and be convicted thereof, shall forfeit any sum not less than ten shillings, nor more than twenty shillings. That justices, constables, and others, may seize goods offered for sale in public places: provided, that whenever any such articles of food (not being articles sold, cried, offered or exposed for sale in any public market or market-place), shall have been seized and dealt with as aforesaid, the parties offending shall not be subject to any further penalty on account of the same. That stage coaches shall not travel between certain hours on the Lord's Day [blanks in the bill for the hours], or they shall forfeit for the first offence ten pounds, and for the second offence twenty pounds, and for every subsequent offence thirty pounds, and be deprived of his, her, or their licenses, if any such there be and eyery person with such waggon, cart, van, stage coach, steam carriage, omnibus, or other carriage, shall forfeit for the first offence any sum not less than five shillings, nor more than ten shillings; for the second offence not less than ten shillings, not more than twenty shillings; and for every subsequent offence not less than twenty shillings, nor more than five pounds. Penalty for letting horses and carriages on the Lord's Day:For the first offence any sum not less than one pound, nor more han two pounds; for the second offence not less than two pounds, or more than five pounds; and for every subsequent offence not ess than five pounds, nor more than ten pounds, and be deprived of his or her license, if any such there be. The Bill thus far is pretty comprehensive, but its provisions are good deal limited by the last of the clauses, which runs thus:That nothing in this act contained shall extend to any menial ervant, acting in the necessary service of his or her employer, or o any person selling, buying, delivering, or receiving milk before ine o'clock in the morning, or after four of the clock in the after10on, or to any person selling, buying, delivering, or receiving nedicine or drugs, or to any baker setting or superintending the ponge, or to the selling, buying, delivering, or receiving of dressed neat, liquor, or other provisions within hotels, coffee-houses. inns, cook-shops, ale-houses, beer-houses, or other houses for the sale of victuals to be consumed in and upon the premises by any traveller, or by any person or persons who shall have lodged and slept on the premises during the preceding night, or to any person attending any meeting for religious worship, or school for religious instruction, or to any person using or employing, or employed with, or hiring or letting to hire, any horse or horses, carriage or carriages, for the purpose of going to or returning from any place of religious worship; or to any rector, vicar, curate, or minister of religion, or physician or other medical practitioner going to or returning from, or in the exercise of his professional duty; or to any person acting under or by virtue of, or putting into execution this act; or to any stage coach, omnibus, or other carriage carrying passengers only for hire, and licensed to run any distance not exceeding ten miles from London, which shall on any part of the Lord's Day leave London, at any hour not later than nine in the morning, or leave the place from which it is licensed, to run to proceed to London at any hour, after seven of the clock in the evening, or to the travelling only of the royal mail, so that nothing in this exception contained, shall extend to permit the delivery of any letters or other things, connected with such running of the said mail. The act not to extend to works of piety, charity, or necessity. ART. XIV. Illustrations of Political Economy. No. XII. French Wines and Politics. By HARRIET MARTINEAU. London: Fox. 1833. MISS. MARTINEAU has shown wonderful power in her little books for expounding the principles of political economy. This is the twelfth of the series, and we take it up, really only for the purpose of showing the ability and ingenuity which the lady possesses, as well as the extraordinary facility which she has contrived to give to the study of a very abstruse science. We accompany her in the first place to the banks of the Garonne, where, upon a glorious evening in July, an Englishman, a wine-merchant of the name of Steele, is gliding in his boat a few miles south of Bourdeaux, partly for the purpose of pleasure, and partly for business. This gentleman was acquainted with almost every vine-grower within fifty leagues of Bourdeaux; but cultivated a particular friendship with one, named Antoine Luyon. The latter was a cultivator of some vineyards on the western banks of the Garonne, and Steele and he had agreed that the produce of those vineyards should be sent to England, where alone the peculiarly excellent beverage so obtained was duly appreciated. The concurrence of Steele and Antoine was quite fortunate. They acted in concert, and each had his department to himself. Whilst Steele watched the thermometer in his cellars, Antoine marked as carefully the winds and clouds in his fields of grapes. Sometimes the one visited the other, impelled by mutual friendship, and invited by the lovely scenery of the way, for no river gods were ever more favoured in their haunts than those of the Garonne. In luxuriant meadows, which slope unequally down to the water's edge, are seen groves of olives and chesnuts; ahd at the proper season, the almond trees put forth their blossoms, the bright and beautiful blue tinge of which look doubly charming by the effect of the relief given to them from the dark and shadowy back ground formed by the evergreen woods. And upon the stream is now and then seen a bark, either groaning beneath the merchandize which has been carried from the grand Languedoc canal, or empty, borne rapidly by the tide, her jovial crew engaged in nothing more laborious than a snatch of some mountain song of the ancient time. Steele upon landing at his friend Antoine's farm, was received with joyful hospitality. The period of his visit, however, was anything but satisfactory, for the favourite vineyard, where all the grapes which produced the precious wine were grown, was overrun by a hunting party, at the head of which was the Marquis de Thou, a neighbouring lord. Miss Martineau, in this part of the narrative, admirably exposes the disgraceful state of persecution which the farmers and peasantry endured when the infamous forest laws were in existence. The day after the hunting party, one of the most terrific hurricanes ever witnessed came on; it nearly destroyed the whole property of the peasantry in the neighbourhood. Yet the noble lord and his family did but little to mitigate the evil. The description of the scene is admirably executed. The author pursues the narrative, and brings her heroes through a multitude of scenes, which are calculated to exhibit the lesson or moral which she has to inculcate. Instead of following her, delightful company as she affords, we shall be content with recommending the reader to obtain the work, and accompany her himself. NOTICES. ART. XV.-A General System of Gardening and Botany. Vol. II. 4to. By GEORGE DON, F.L.S. London Rivingtons. 1832. THE first volume of this invaluable work has been noticed by us in a former number, in those terms of praise which we thought due to its merits. The second volume, which now lies before us, appears to us, after a searching examination, to be completed with full as much care, ability, and usefulness as the former; and we have no doubt that the succeeding portion of the work will be accomplished in a manner altogether conformable to the specimens furnished in the volumes before us. We cannot too much impress on the minds of those parents whose children are now engaged in educating themselves for the medical profession, the necessity they are under of affording to the youth so circumstanced the most extended and the most certain means of acquiring a knowledge of botany. The subject is one of the deepest importance to the physician, inasmuch as it forms his chief resource in looking for the means of subduing diseases. The advantage enjoyed by those who possess this work is, that they require no other, after they shall have passed through the rudimental or elementary part of the study. Though nominally founded on the principles of what is called the Natural Orders, yet the work of Mr. Don embraces all the best parts of the Linnæan system. It gradually carries the student through the whole of the various families or orders, of the great divisions of plants, and in such a manner as that the knowledge of one order necessarily facilitates the study of that which succeeds it. Thus the operation of the memory is greatly assisted by the chain of association which is so beautifully kept up from the commencement to the termination of each grand division. Not only is the study of botany presented to us in this work in a form peculiarly calculated to attract the mind to its consideration, but the information itself is collected in such an abundance as leaves scarcely room for any addition to its amount. Here the inquirer will find, under its proper head, the name of every plant that grows in every quarter of the world, from the Polar zone to the Equator. The information furnished to him respecting the given plant is not confined, however, to its name, its genus and its order, nor yet to the place of its nativity; but, together with all its necessary knowledge, the work likewise presents an account of the virtues and uses to which itself or any of its parts have been or may be converted; and, finally, of the best methods of cultivating the plant. All this useful and necessary knowledge is conveyed in a style so familiar, and yet so completely in accordance with the rigid exactness of science, that the beginner in botany will be just as capable of understanding the description as the most experienced of those who devote themselves to it. It is impossible for us to part with the opportunity which the publication of this second volume offers, without making a few observations on the advantages of studying botany according to the system on which this work may be said to be principally founded. This system is called the natural one, to distinguish it from the artificial system of Lin næus. So far from considering the support of either of these systems inconsistent with the other, as even some very rational botanists do, we think, on the contrary, that they may be regarded and acted upon as colleagues harmoniously united to bring about a common end. The Linnæus System seems to us as necessary to give the student an agree able introduction to botany, as the natural system is to make him intimately acquainted with that great science. But whatever the exclu sive partisans of Linnæus may say on this subject, it is quite certain that the only rational way in which plants are to be viewed is to regard them as bearing resemblances to each other, and taking their various stations in accordance with the proximity or remoteness of their mutual relation. If no other good consequence flowed from the mode just mentioned, of considering the vegetable kingdom, this one at least would be sufficient to justify it, viz., that it calls upon us to examine into, not merely the external forms of plants, but also into their intimate structure, and the various laws which preside over their generation, their living state, and the conditions on which their life depends. Such being the object of the natural system, and the present work being so completely calculated to develope all the beauty of that system, we do not hesitate to recommend it, in the strongest manner, ART. XVI.-An Account of the Infancy, Religious, and Literary Life of Adam Clarke, L.L.D. F.A.S. Edited by the Rev. J. B. B. CLARKE. M.A. London: Clarke. 1833. THIS volume contains the instructive autobiography of a learned and humble man, who rose by his abilities and virtues to considerable rank and station in society. Dr. Clarke was an individual of very considerable literary attainments, especially in oriental learning, which several volumes of his writing sufficiently attest. Among the anecdotes related of Dr. Clarke in this volume, is one which displays a casuistry of a very ridiculous kind: it is a dialogue between him and Mr. Bennet, as follows: : ? 'Adam, have you been at "I think I have, sir!" "Did you deliver the message?" 66 'I think so." |