ΣΟΣ

gazzetta

Obverse.

Reverse.

Gazzetta of the Ionian islands, 1801; British Museum.
(Size of the original.)

Venice for the Ionian islands during and after
Venetian domination there.

G. C. B. An abbreviation of Grand Cross of
the Bath. See Knights of the Bath, under bath.
Ge. In chem., the symbol for germanium.
ge-. See i-.

Geadephaga (jē-a-def ́a-gä), n. pl. [NL., orig.
improp. Geodephaga (Macleay, 1825), < Gr. yn,
the earth, + NL. Adephaga, q. v.] The terres-
trial adephagous or raptorial beetles, including
the great families Carabida and Cicindelida:
distinguished from Hydradephaga.
geadephagous (jē-a-defʼa-gus), a. [< Geadepha-
ga+-ous.] Terrestrial and predaceous: spe-
cifically applied to the Geadephaga.
geal1 (jēl), v. i. [< OF. geler, F. geler
= Pr.
gelar Sp. helar
Pg. gelar = It. gelare, < L.
gelare, freeze: see gelid, congeal.] To congeal.
[Obsolete or provincial.]

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It forms little grains or seeds within it, which cleave to its sides, then grow hard, and geal, as it were.

Partheneia Sacra (1633), p. 190. We found the duke my father gealde in blood. C. Tourneur, Revenger's Tragedy, sig. I, 1. geal2 (jē'al), a. [<Gr. yaia, yn, the earth, + E. -al.] 1. Of or pertaining to the earth; terrestrial.-2. Produced by the attraction of the earth. [Rare in both uses.]

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The geal tide on the moon will be about eighty times higher than the lunar tide on the earth, in consequence of the earth's superior mass. Winchell, World-Life, p. 384. gean (gēn), n. [An E. spelling of F. guigne, OF. guisne, a kind of cherry, Wall. visine = NGr. Biorov, wild cherry, prob. of Slavic origin, <OBulg. vishnja Lith. vyszna, egriot; or, with alteration of the second syllable, It. visciola, egriot, OHG. wihsala, MHG. wihsel, G. weichsel, egriot, wild cherry, of the same origin as the Slav. Lith. word.] The wild cherry of Europe, Prunus (Cerasus) avium. Its wood is valuable for many purposes, and is much used for tobacco-pipes and their stems. The small purple or black fruit is esteemed for its pleasant flavor, and is largely used for making cordials. The tree is common in some parts of Great Britain, but more abundant on the continent. geanticlinal (jē-an-ti-klī’nal), n. [< Gr. yn, the earth, E. anticlinal.] In geol., a region having an anticlinal structure; the central mass of a mountain range, considered as built up according to the views of those who adopt the theory that the axes of the great chains are metamorphosed sedimentary, and not eruptive, rocks. See geosynclinal.

And therefore, while the tertiary movements were in progress, the part of the force not expended in producing them carried forward an upward bend, or geanticlinal, of the vast Rocky Mountain region as a whole.

2475

In the dark forest here,
Clad in my warlike gear,
Fell I upon my spear.

Longfellow, Skeleton in Armor.
3. Any special set of things forming essential
parts or appurtenances, or utilized for or con-
nected with some special act, occupation, etc.:
as, hunting-gear. Specifically-(a) The harness or
furniture of working animals; whatever is used in equip-
ping horses or cattle for draft or other use; tackle.

There were discovered first two doves, then two swans
with silver geers, drawing forth a triumphant chariot.
.B. Jonson, Hue and Cry.
Thenceforth they are his cattle: drudges, born
To bear his burthens, drawing in his gears.
Cowper, Task, v. 273.
Naut., the ropes, blocks, etc., belonging to any par
ticular sail or spar: as, the mainsail-gear; the foretop-
mast-gear.

I told him I should be glad if his men would cross the

top-gallant and royal yards and get the gear rove.

W. C. Russell, Sailor's Sweetheart, xx.
(c) In mach., the appliances or furnishings connected with
the acting parts of any piece of mechanism: as, expansion-
gear; valve-gear. More particularly-(1) Toothed wheels
collectively. (2) The connection of toothed wheels with
each other; gearing: as, to throw machinery into or out of

gear. (d) A coal-miners' set of tools. [Eng.] (e) pl. In coal-
mining, staging and rails for shipping coal on wharves.
4. Goods; property in general. [Now most
common in Scotch use.]

I want nane o' his gowd, I want nane o' his gear.
Prince Robert (Child's Ballads, III. 25).

The gear that is gifted, it never
Will last like the gear that is won.

geat

material between the cogs or teeth, the shape of the emerywheel determining the shape of the interdental space, and consequently determining the shape of the teeth. Millingcutters are also much used. Gear-cutting machines usually have the shape of a lathe, the blank being supported on the mandrel, and the cutting-wheel by the tool-rest. The number and pitch of the teeth are regulated by a graduated disk attached to the mandrel, and the cutter is driven by various systems of gearing. Large machines have been made to work as planers, and arranged for every variety of angle and level gearing. Wood-working gearcutters are rotary cutters (molders), and are used to cut wooden patterns for casting geared wheels. Gear-cutters are also made to cut wheels of epicycloidal form. A gearcutting attachment is also used with some milling-machines. See odontograph. [Verbal n. of gear, v.] gearing (ger'ing), n. 1. Gear; dress; harness.-2. In mach., the parts collectively by which motion communicated to one part of a machine is transmitted to another; specifically, a train of toothed wheels for transmitting motion. There are two chief sorts of toothed gearing, namely, spur-gearing and beveled gearing. In the former the teeth are arranged round either the concave or the convex surface of a cylindrical wheel in the direction of radii from the center of the wheel, and are of equal depth throughout. In beveled gearing the teeth are placed upon the exterior periphery of a conical wheel in a direction converging to the apex of the cone, and the depth of the tooth gradually diminishes from the base. See bevel, and cut under bevel-gear. - Angular gearing. See angular.- Beveled gearing. See def. 2.-Conical gearing, a gearing arrangement in which the motion is transmitted by a pair of cogged cones through interposed pinions.-Elliptical gearing, geared wheels of an elliptical shape, used to obtain a rotary motion of variable speed: also called elliptical wheel.-Hooked gearing, a form of gearing having the teeth set somewhat obliquely across the face of the wheel, so that the contact of each tooth begins at its forward end and ceases at the opposite end. The spiral has such a pitch that one pair of teeth remains in contact until the next pair comes together.-Hooke's gearing [named for Robert Hooke, an English mathematician and philosopher (1635-1703)]), a kind of gearing for wheels, in which the teeth are cut in a helicoidal form.-Multiplying gearing, in mach., a combination of cog-wheels in common use for imparting motion from wheels of larger to those of smaller diameter, so as to increase the rate of revolution.Quick-return gearing, in some forms of planing-machines, a system of mechanism fitted to the feed for causing the bed to return at increased speed after each cutting stroke. The stroke is slow, and the return to the first position is accelerated in order to save time.-Spiral gearing, two cylinders set parallel, and having spiral ribs and grooves that mesh or gear together.- Stepped gearing, a form of gearing in which each tooth or cog on the face of a wheel is replaced by a series of smaller teeth 6t. Ordinary manner; behavior; custom; prac- arranged in steps. The device is allied to the stepped rack, and is used to obtain a more uniform and continutice. ous bearing between the teeth.-Worm gearing. Same as spiral gearing. gearing-chain (gēr′ing-chān), n. In mach., an endless chain transmitting motion from one toothed wheel to another, the teeth of the wheels fitting into the links of the chain. gearing-wheel (gēr′ing-hwēl), n. Same as gearwheel.-Frictional gearing-wheels. See frictional. gearksutite (jē-ärk'su-tit), n. [< Gr. yn, earth, +arksutite.] A hydrous fluoride of aluminium and calcium found in white earthy masses with the cryolite of Greenland. gearnt, v. i. An obsolete form of girn. Any wheel having gear-wheel (ger'hwēl), n. teeth or cogs which act upon the teeth of another wheel to impart or transmit motion.Annular gear-wheel. See annular.-Double gearwheel, a wheel having two sets of cogs, differing in diameter, to drive two pinions. Such a wheel sometimes is driven by one pinion and drives the other. geasont, a. [Early mod. E., also geazon, gaison;

J. Baillie, Woo'd and Married and A'.
5t. A matter; an affair; affairs collectively.
To cheare his guests whom he had stayd that night,
And make their welcome to them well appeare;
That to Sir Calidore was easie geare.
Spenser, F. Q., VI. iii. 6.
But I will remedy this gear ere long,
Or sell my title for a glorious grave.

Shak., 2 Hen. VI., iii. 1.

I trust you all, my dearly beloved, will consider this
gear with yourselves, and in the cross see God's mercy.
J. Bradford, Letters (Parker Soc., 1853), II. 37.
When once her eye

Hath met the virtue of this magick dust,
I shall appear some harmless villager,
Whom thrift keeps up about his country gear.
Milton, Comus, 1. 167.

Into a studie he fel al sodeynly,

As don thes loveres in here queynte geres,
Now in the croppe, now doun in the breres.
Chaucer, Knight's Tale, 1. 673.

Bairns' part of gear, in Scots law, same as legitim.-
Differential gear. See differential.- Driving-gear,
those parts of a machine which are most nearly concerned
in effecting motion, as, in a locomotive, the parts from the
cylinder to the wheels inclusive.-Full backward gear,
with the valve-gearing adjusted to produce backward mo-
tion of the steam-engine.-Full forward gear, with the
valve-gearing adjusted to produce forward motion of the
engine.- Guids and gear, all one's property. [Scotch.]
Inside gear, the English arrangement of pitmans and
cranks inside the frame of a locomotive, as distinguished
from the American method of attaching the cross-heads of
the engines to the wrists on the exterior of the driving.
wheels by pitmans. Internal gear, a wheel having its
cogs on the internal perimeter.-Out of gear, not in
working or running order; not in a condition for use or
operation.

Its own [the North's] theory and practice of liberty had
got sadly out of gear, and must be corrected.

Emerson, Address, Soldiers' Monument, Concord. Then sware Lord Thomas Howard: "Fore God I am no coward!

gear."

But I cannot meet them here, for my ships are out of
Tennyson, The Revenge.
Overhead gear, driving-gear above the object driven.
Rope driving-gear, ropes used as a substitute for
belting in the transmission of power from a driver to
machinery.-Running-gear, the running-rigging of a
vessel. (For other kinds of gear, see bevel-year, cone-gear,
counter-gear, etc.)

gear (gēr), v. [< gear, n.] I. trans. To put
into gear; prepare for operation; fit with gear
machine or an engine.-Geared brace, engine, etc.
or gearing: as, to gear up a wagon; to gear a

J. D. Dana, Manual of Geology (2d ed.), p. 752. In all cases there have been three steps in the formation of a mountain-chain. First, the deposition of the vast thickness of the geosynclinal. Second, the squeezing up of the mass of rocks into a geanticlinal, and the production of a long, narrow, and lofty ridge. Thirdly, the carving out of this shapeless mass into peaks and valleys. A. H. Green, Phys. Geol. gear (gēr), n. [Early mod. E. also geer; < ME. gere, ger (never with initial palatal, z ory, as in the related gare, yare, mod. E. yare, the orig. g being preserved by the frequent alliteration with gay, good, golden, graith, etc., or, as in the related verb garen, garren, mod. E. gar2, by Scand. influence), < AS. gearwe, pl., preparation, dress, ornament, gear, OS. garuwi OHG. garawi, MHG. garwe (> OF. garbe, > E. garb1, q. v.) Icel. görvi, gjörvi, gear, gearu, gearo (gearw-), ready, yare: see yare.] 1. A state of preparation or fitness; a suitable or fitting condition: as, to be out of gear; to gear-box (gēr ́boks), n. bring anything into gear.-2. Whatever is pre- ing to protect it. pared for use or wear; manufactured stuff or material; hence, habit; dress; ornaments; armor. Oure luflych lede lys in his bedde, Gawayn graythely at home, in gerez ful ryche of hewe. Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight (E. E. T. S.), l. 1470. The Bramans marke themselues in their foreheads, eares,

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AS.

and throats, with a kind of yellow geare which they grinde; euery morning they doe it. Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 475.

It behoved not him to wear such fine gear.

Latimer, Misc. Selections.

See the nouns.

ME. geson, gesene, gayssoun, rare, scarce, < AS. gæsne, gesne, gesine, barren, empty, lacking; cf. OFries. gest, gast, North Fries. gast LG. güst, göst, gist, barren (see geest); OHG. geisini, keisini, lack.] Rare; uncommon. Obstinacy is folly in them that should haue reason; They that will not knowe howe to amende, their wits be very geason. Babees Book (E. E. T. S.), p. 85. Ye shal finde many other words to rime with him, bycause such terminatiōs are not geazon.

Puttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, p. 87.

It was frosty winter season,
And fair Flora's wealth was geason.

Greene, Philomela's Second Ode.
This white falcon rare and gaison,
This bird shineth so bright.

II. intrans. In mach., to fit into another part,
as one part of gearing into another. See gearing.
Progress of Elizabeth, I. 10.
On the shaft of the motor. is a pinion. This gears
with a larger cog wheel. Sci. Amer., N. S., LVII. 308. Geaster (jē-as'tèr), n. [NL., < Gr. yn, the earth,
A box inclosing gear-dorp, star.] A genus of gasteromycetous
fungi characterized by a double peridium. The
outer, the exoperidium, splits into segments which expand
to a nearly horizontal or reflexed position and take the
form of a star, lying close to the ground, whence the
nanie, signifying earth-star. (See cut under exoperidium.)
There are 53 known species, of which 30 occur in Europe
and 17 in North America, some being common to both
countries.

The effect of the same amount of resistance on each
wheel will become unequally operative in the gear-box,
and that defeats the whole object of the contrivance.
Bury and Hillier, Cycling, p. 385.
One who or that
gear-cutter (ger'kut ̋ėr), n.
which makes toothed or geared wheels for
transmitting motion in machinery; specifical-
ly, a machine for cutting the teeth of a geared
wheel. Gear-cutters are frequently grinding-machines,
an emery-wheel being used to cut away the superfluous

geat1 (jēt), n. [Also written git, perhaps for jet, jet, throw, cast: see jet1. If pronounced, as is usually represented, with g=j, it cannot be a form of gate, or of the D. gat, a gate, hole,

geat

etc.] 1. The hole through which metal runs
into a mold in castings.-2. In type-founding,
the little spout or gutter made in the brim of
a casting-ladle. Moxon, Mech. Exercises, p.378.
geat2t, n. An obsolete spelling of jet2.
geats (get), n. See get1, 2.
Gebia (je bi-ä), n. [NL. (Leach, 1813), < Gr. yn,
earth,+Bios, life.] A genus of macrurous dec-
apod crustaceans, of the family Thalassinida.
G. stellata, the type, is a small British shrimp.
gebur (AS. pron. ge-bör'), n. [AS.: see bower8
and neighbor.] In Anglo-Saxon law, the owner
of an allotment or yard-land, usually of 30
acres: corresponding to the villein of later
times.
gecarcinian (je-kär-sin'i-an), n. [<NL. Gecar-
cinus +-ian.] A land-crab; one of the Gecar-
cinidæ.
gecarcinid (je-kär'si-nid), n. A land-crab, as
a member of the Gecarcinidæ.
Gecarcinidæ (je-kär-sin'i-de), n. pl. [NL.,
<Gecarcinus + -ida.] A family of terrestrial
brachyurous decapod crustaceans, inhabiting
various tropical regions; the land-crabs. Be-
sides Gecarcinus, the family contains the gen-
era Cardisoma and Uca. Also written Geocar-
cinidæ.

Gecarcinus (je-kär'si-nus), n. [NL. (Leach,
1815), Gr. y, the earth, + KapKivos, a crab.]
The typical genus of land-crabs of the family
Gecarcinidæ. The species, of which G. ruricola is an
example, are terrestrial, and burrow in the ground, living
at a distance from the sea, which they visit only at the
spawning time. The gills are kept moist by a special ar-
rangement of the gill-cavity. Also written Geocarcinus.
Gecco (gek'o), n. [NL. (Laurenti, 1768), also
Gecko, Gekko; gecko, q. v.] 1. The name-
giving genus of Gecconida, now broken up into
numerous other genera; the geckos, or wall-
lizards. Also called Ascalabotes. See Gecco-
nida, gecko.-2. [1. c.] Same as gecko, 1.
Geccoides (ge-koi'dez), n. pl. [NL., also Geckoi-
des; Gecco +-oides.] A family of saurian
squamate reptiles, composed of the geckos,
stellions, and agamoid lizards. Oppel, 1811.
gecconid (gek'o-nid), n. A lizard of the family
Gecconida. Also geckonid.
Gecconidæ (ge-kon'i-de), n. pl. [NL., Gec-
co(n-) +-ida.] A family of lizards, of the or-
der Lacertilia; the geckos or wall-lizards. They
have amphicolous vertebræ, distinct parietal bones, no
postorbital or frontosquamosal arches, dilated clavicles

Gecininæ (jes-i-ni'ne), n. pl. [NL., < Gecinus gee2, jee2 (je), a. [Origin unknown.] Crooked;
ina.] A subfamily of Picida, of which the awry. [Prov. Eng.]
genus Gecinus is a typical representative; the gee2, jee2 (je), v. [ gee2, jee2, a. The verb
green woodpeckers. Other leading genera are has been erroneously referred to F. dia, "the
Campethera, Celeus, Chrysoptilus, Brachypter- cry wherewith carters make their horses turn
nus, and Tiga.
to the left hand" (Cotgrave), in Switzerland
to the right; cf. Olt. gio, similarly used.] I.
intrans. 1. To move to one side; in particular,
to move or turn to the off side, or from the
driver-that is, to the right, the driver stand-
ing on the left or nigh side: used by teamsters,
chiefly in the imperative, addressed to the ani-
mals they are driving: often with off.-2. To
move; stir. [Scotch.]-To gee up, to move faster:
also used by teamsters as above. See def. 1.

Gecinulus (je-sin'u-lus), n. [NL. (E. Blyth,
1845), < Gecinus + dim. -ulus.] A genus of
green woodpeckers of India, having only three
toes. G. granti and G. viridis compose the ge-
nus. A form Geciniscus is also found.
Gecinus (je-si'nus), n. [NL. (Boie, 1831), said to
be < Gr. y, earth, ground, + Kvεiv, move, go.]
The typical genus of woodpeckers of the sub-
family Gecininæ. The best-known example is G. viri-
dis, the common green woodpecker or popinjay of Europe,
a species comparatively terrestrial in habit.
geck (gek), n. [< D. gek MLG. geck = MHG.
geck, gecke, G. geck, a fool, Dan. gjæk Sw.
gäck, a fool, buffoon, jester, wag; cf. Icel.
gikkr, a pert, rude person. Connection with
gawk, gowk, is doubtful: see gawk, gowk, and
cf. gigs.] 1. A fool; a dupe; a gull.

2.

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Kept in a dark house, visited by the priest,
And made the most notorious geck and gull
That e'er invention play'd on. Shak., T. N., v. 1.
Scorn; contempt; also, an object of scorn.
To become the geck and scorn

O' the other's villainy. Shak., Cymbeline, v. 4.
3. A toss of the head in derision or from vanity
or folly; hence, a taunt; a gibe. [Scotch.]
The carle that hecht sa weill to treit you,
I think sall get ane geck.
Philotus, 1603.
To give one the geck. (a) To give one the slip. Jamieson.
(b) To play one a trick.

Thocht he be auld, my joy, quhat reck?
When he is gone give him ane geck,
And take another by the neck. Quoted in Nares.
[Obsolete or prov. Eng. or Scotch.]
geck (gek), v. = D. gekken = MLG. G. gecken
make a fool of; from the noun.] I. intrans.
= Dan. gjække = Sw. gäcka, mock, banter,
To toss the head in derision or scorn, or from
vanity or folly; deride; mock.

She Bauldy looes, Bauldy that drives the car,
But gecks at me, and says I smell of tar.

Ramsay, Gentle Shepherd, i. 1.
II. trans. To cheat; trick; gull.
Ye shall heir whow he was geckit.
Legend of Bp. St. Androis. (Jamieson.)
[Obsolete or prov. Eng. or Scotch.]

cry.] 1. A liz

a

Gecco or family
Gecconida;
wall-lizard. Al-
so gecco, gekko.
See Gecconida.
-2. [cap.]
[NL.] Same as
Gecco. Croak-

loop-shaped proximally, a short, thick, fleshy, papillose gecko (gek'o), n. [Imitative of the animal's
tongue, large eyes with vertical elliptical pupils and rudi-
mentary lids, and pleurodont dentition. The body is covard of the genus
ered below with small imbricated scales; the tail is nor-
mally long and tapering; and the limbs are stout and of
moderate length, with well-developed toes and claws,
usually furnished with adhesive disks, secreting an acrid
though not poisonous fluid. Upward of 200 species inhab-
it the warmer parts of both hemispheres; many were for-
merly placed indiscriminately in a genus Gecco or Gecko;
but about 50 genera have been named, among which are
Diplodactylus, Hemidactylus, Phyllodactylus, Platydacty
lus, Ptyodactylus, Sphærodactylus, Stenodactylus, Theca-
dactylus, Phyllurus, and Ptychozoon. They are all inof-
fensive lizards of small size, from 2 or 3 to 12 or 14 inches
long, of active carnivorous habits, and specially noted for
the agility with which they scramble over walls, etc.
Many of them make a croaking or chirping noise, whence
the name gecko. A few are found in the south of Europe,
as the common wall-lizard, Platydactylus muralis; the
tarente, P. mauritanicus; and the Hemidactylus verrucu-
latus and Stenodactylus guttatus. A common species of
the Labuan region is the chickehack, Ptyodactylus gecko.
One small gecko, Sphærodactylus notatus, occurs in Flor-
ida and Cuba. Two Lower Californian species are Phyl-
lodactylus xanti and Diplodactylus unctus. The Gecco-
nida have also been called Ascalabota and Nyctisaura.
The name of the family is variously written Gekkonida,
Geckonida, Geccotida, Geckotida, Gecotida. See cut un-
der gecko.

gecconoid (gek o-noid), a. and n. I. a. Re-
sembling or related to the geckos; of or per-
taining to the Gecconoidea.

II. . One of the Gecconoidea. Also geccotoid. Gecconoidea (gek-o-noi'de-), n. pl. [NL., <Gecco(n-) +-oidea.] The geckos as a superfamily of eriglossate lacertilians with biconcave vertebra, dilated and proximally loopshaped clavicles, and undeveloped postfrontal and postorbital bony arches. The group is conterminous with the single family Gecconida. T. Gill, Smithsonian Report, 1885, I. 799. Also Geckonoidea.

geccotian, geccotid (ge-kō'shian, gek'o-tid), a. and n. I. a. Of or relating to the Gecconida. II. n. A gecko.

Also geckotian, geckotid. Geccotida (ge-kot'i-dē), n. pl.

conida. geccotoid (gek'o-toid), a. and n. conoid.

Same as Gec-
Same as gec-

ing gecko. Same
as croaking lizard
(which see, under
lizard). - Flying
gecko. See flying-
gecko.-St. Lucas
gecko, Diplodacty
Tus unctus: so call-
ed after Cape St.
Lucas, Lower Cali-
fornia, in the vi-
cinity of which it
is found.-Xantus
gecko, Phyllodac-
tylus xanti, of Low.

er California: named from Louis John Xantus de Vesey,
who first collected specimens of it. (See also wall-gecko.)
ged (ged), n. [< Icel. gedda = Sw. gädda = Dan.
Geckoides, geckonid, etc. See Geccoides, etc.
gjede, a pike (fish): so named from its sharp
thin head; Icel. gaddr, a gad, goad, spike:
see gad1. Cf. E. pike, AS. hacod, a pike (see
hake and hook), F. brochet, a pike (broche, a
spit), etc.] A pike (the fish). Also written
gedd. [Scotch.]

gedanite (jed'a-nit), n. [< Gedanum, Latin
name of Dantzic, +-ite2.] A mineral resin re-
sembling amber, found on the shores of the

Baltic.

gedd, n. See ged.

gedrite (jed'rit), n. [< Gèdre (see def.) +-ite2.]
An aluminous variety of the mineral anthophyl-
lite, found near Gèdre in the French Pyrenees.
geel, jee1 (jë), v. i. [Of unknown origin.] To
agree; suit; fit. [Colloq.]

People say in Pennsylvania, "That won't gee," when
they wish to express that something won't serve the pur
S. S. Haldeman, quoted in S. De Vere's
[Americanisms, p. 478.

pose.

II. trans. 1. To cause to move or turn to the off side, or from the driver: as, to gee a team of oxen.- -2. To move: as, ye're no able to gee it. [Scotch.]

gees (ge), n. [Origin unknown.] 1. Stubbornness; pettishness.-2. An affront. [Prov. Eng. and Scotch.]

geet (ge), v. [= Sc. gie, a contr. of give.] A dialectal form of givel.

gee-ho (je hō), v. i. [< gee2 + ho, a quasi-imperative or exclamation: see gee2.] Same as gee2.

gee-hot, n. [< gee-ho, v.] A kind of heavy sled. See the extract.

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They drew all their heavy goods here [to Bristol] on sleds or sledges, which they call Gee-hoes, without wheels. Defoe, Tour through Great Britain, II. 314. Ply close at inns upon the coming in of waggons and gee-ho-coaches. Tom Brown, Works, II. 262. geert, n. and v. See gear. geeringt, n. See gearing. geese, n. Plural of goose. geest (gest), n. [<LG. and G. geest (geestland) = East and North Fries. gast, OFries. gest (gestlond, gastlond), dry and barren land, D. geest, North Fries. gast LG. güst, göst, gist, barren; heath, MLG. gest, gast, < OFries. gest, gāst, cf. AS. gasne, barren, empty: see geason.] 1. In northern Germany, high, dry, and sandy or gravelly land: opposed to marschland. Hence -2. In various older geological treatises published in England and the United States, diluvium, coarse drift, or gravel. Geëz, Giz (ge-ez', gez), n. [Ethiopic.] The ancient language of Ethiopia or Abyssinia, a Semitic tongue closely related to Arabic. It is the language of the church and of the old literature of Abyssinia, chiefly ecclesiastical, including an early translation of the Bible; and it is still spoken in a more or less corrupted form by the people of the province of Tigre, its original seat, though elsewhere and in official use it has been for many centuries superseded by the Amharic. Also called Ethiopic.

The Written Characters of the old Ethiopic, or Gíz, and that of the Amharic, are a Syllabary read from left to right. R. N. Cust, Mod. Langs. of Africa, I. 74.

Gehenna (ge-hen'), n. [< LL. Gehenna, < Gr. Teevva, Heb. ge-hinnōm, the valley of Hinnom.] 1. In Jewish hist., the valley of Hinnom, south of Jerusalem, in which was Tophet, where the Israelites once sacrificed their children to Moloch (2 Ki. xxiii. 10). Hence the place was afterward regarded as a place of abomination; into it was thrown the refuse of the city, and, according to some authorities, fires were kept burning in it to prevent pestilence.

The pleasant valley of Hinnom, Tophet thence And black Gehenna call'd, the type of hell. Milton, P. L., i. 405. 2. In the Bible, the place of the future punishment of the wicked: a transliteration of the Greek word yéevva, which the authorized version translates hell and hell-fire, and the revised version hell of fire and hell."

The descensus was a self-manifestation of Christ and his

work to the whole spirit-world, and affected the condition of both the pious in Paradise and the ungodly in Gehenna.

Schaff, Christ and Christianity, p. 93. Adding to this the fact that gehenna of itself was not

called a prison, but something far worse, a place of fire,

we are further helped on to the conclusion that Christ
preaching to "spirits in prison" did not preach to the
impenitent dead.
Bibliotheca Sacra, XLV. 640.

gehlenite (ga'len-it), n. [Named after the German chemist A. F. Gehlen (1775-1815).] A mineral of a grayish color and resinous luster, found chiefly at Mount Monzoni in Tyrol. It is tetragonal crystals, related in form to the scapolites. Gehydrophila (je-hi-drof'i-lä), n. pl. [NL., < Gr. 7, the earth, + idup (idp-), water, piños, loving.] A group of inoperculate pulmoniferous gastropods, corresponding to the family Auriculida. Férussac, 1819. Also called Hygrogeophila.

a silicate of aluminium, iron, and calcium, crystallizing in

gehydrophilian

gehydrophilian (je-hi-dro-fil'i-an), n. One of the Gehydrophila. Compare geophilian, hygrophilian.

geiger-tree (gi'gėr-trē), n. The Cordia Sebestena, a small boraginaceous tree of the West Indies and of rare occurrence in southern Florida, with heavy, hard, dark-brown wood. geilfine (gal'fe-ne), n. [Ir., also geillfine, the first family or tribe, geall, pledge, + fine, family, tribe.] One of the groups of five, being four males besides the head of the family, into which the ancient Irish clans or families were organized. The next group, second in rank for purposes of inheritance, was termed the deirbhjine, or true family; the third, the iarfine, or after-family; the fourth, the indfine, or end-family.

The Geilfine division consisted of five persons.

Quoted in Maine, Early Hist. of Institutions, p. 209. The most capable member of the geilfine. Encyc. Brit., V. 800. gein (jē'in), n. [< Gr. y, the earth, +-in2.] Humus (which see). geiret, n. [Cf. G. geier, a vulture. See under gerfalcon and garefowl.] A vulture. A vulture or geire, [L.] vultur.

Withals, Dict. (ed. 1608), p. 20. geir-eaglet, n. A bird of prey, supposed to be a vulture, Neophron percnopterus.

The swan and the pelican, and the geir eagle. Lev. xi. 18.

geir-falcont, n. See gerfalcon.
Geisenheimer (gi'sen-hi-mer), n. [G.] A white
Rhine wine produced near the well-known
Hochheim vineyards, and similar in quality to
Hochheimer.

Geissosaura (gi-sō-sâ'rä), n. pl. [NL., prop.
Gissosaura, Gr. yeiooov, yeloov, eaves, cornice,
hem, border, + oavpoç, lizard.] A superfamily
group of ordinary lizards. They have a lacertiform
or serpent-like body; the feet very small, rudimentary,
or wanting; the ventral scales rounded and imbricate; and
the tongue short, bifid, and little extensible. They are
feeble and harmless animals, such as the common skinks,
the slow-worms, etc. The group is not well formed, and
the term is little used now. Also written Geissosauria.

2477

short-tailed 10-footed crustaceans, of the fam-
ily Ocypodide; the fiddlers, fiddler-crabs, or
calling-crabs: so called from their habit of flour-
ishing the odd great claw. The technical charac-
ters are: lack of posterior pleurobranchia and of ante-
rior arthrobranchiæ, and the two pairs of pleurobranchia

Fiddler-crab (Gelasimus pugilator).

vestigial. There are several species. G. pugilator abounds
in the salt marshes of the southern United States, where
it is found in great troops and honeycombs the ground just
above high-water mark with innumerable burrows. See
calling-crab.
gelastic (je-las'tik), a. and n. [<Gr. yehaσTIKós,
inclined to laugh, risible, yehaorós, laughable,
ridiculous, <yenav, laugh.] I. a. Same as risi-
ble. [Rare.]

II. n. Something capable of exciting smiles
or laughter. [Rare.]

Happy man would be his dole who, when he had made up his mind in dismal resolution to a dreadful course of drastics, should find that gelastics had been substituted, not of the Sardonian kind."

Southey, The Doctor, extra chapter. gelatigenous (jel-a-tij'e-nus), a. [< gelati(n) +Gr. -yevns, producing: see -genous.] Producing or yielding gelatin. Gelatigenous tissue, animal tissue which yields gelatin in boiling water, as the

various forms of connective tissue.

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geld

Lapis lazuli, if calcined, does not effervesce, but gelatinates with the mineral acids. Kirwan.

gelatination (jel'a-ti-na'shon), n. [< gelatinate
+-ion.] The act or process of converting or
of being turned into gelatin or into a substance
like jelly.

gelatine, n. and a. See gelatin.
gelatiniform (jel-a-tin'i-fôrm), a. [= F. géla
tiniforme, NL. gelatiniformis, gelatina, gela-
tin, L. forma, shape.] Having the form or
constitution of gelatin.

Gelatinigera (jela-ti-nij'e-rä), n. pl. [NL.,
neut. pl. of gelatinigerus: see gelatinigerous.]
An order of choanoflagellate infusorians, which
secrete a gelatinous investment and form colo-
nies, as those of the genera Phalansterium and
Proterospongia.

gelatinigerous (jela-ti-nij'e-rus), a. [< NL.
gelatinigerus, < gelatina, gelatin, + L. gerere,
bear.] Secreting a gelatinous investment, as
certain infusorians; specifically, of or pertain-
ing to the Gelatinigera.
gélatinisation; as gelatinize+-ation.] The act
gelatinization (jela-tin-i-za'shon), n. [= F.
or process of gelatinizing; gelatination. Also
spelled gelatinisation.

Gelatinisation of the membranes of the cells.

De Bary, Fungi (trans.), p. 30.

In colloids, water of gelatinization appears to represent in some measure the water of crystallization in crystalloids. W. A. Miller, Elem. of Chem., § 62.

...

It frequently happens that the connective tissue presents the consistence of jelly,. due in many cases to the entanglement of fluid in the meshes of the fibres, and not to a gelatinization of the ground substance. Encyc. Brit., XII. 6. gelatinize (jel'a-ti-niz), v.; pret. and pp. gelatinized, ppr. gelatinizing. gelatinize.] gelatin, gelatine (jel'a-tin), n. and a. [= D. Same as gelatinate. Also spelled gelatinise. G. gelatine Gelatinized chloroform, ether, etc. See the nouns. = Dan. Sw. gelatin, < F. gélatine Sp. Pg. It. gelatina, < NL. gelatina, L. gela-a. [< gelatin + bromide.] In photog., noting gelatinobromide (jela-tin-o-bro'mid or -mid), tus, pp. of gelare, freeze: see geal1, gelid, jelly.] a film or an emulsion made sensitive to light by I. n. A concrete animal substance, transparent, the agency of silver bromide in a vehicle of geissosauran (gi-so-sâ'ran), a. and n. I. a. hard, and tasteless, which swells without so- gelatin. Sci. Amer., N. S., LIV. 168. Pertaining to the Geissosaura. lution in cold water, dissolves in warm water gelatinochlorid (jela-tin-ó-klo'rid), a. [<gelaand in acetic acid, and is insoluble in alco- tin + chlorid.] In photog., noting a film, emulhol or ether. Gelatin does not exist as such in the sion, etc., in which the sensitizing agent is silanimal tissues, but is formed by the action of boiling water on connective tissues, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons, ver chlorid in a vehicle of gelatin. as well as on skin, horn, fish-scales, etc. The coarser form of gelatin from hoofs, hides, etc., is called glue; that from skin and finer membranes is called size; and the purest gelatin, from the air-bladders and other membranes of fish, is called isinglass. Its leading character is the for- gelatinoid (jel'a-ti-noid), a. and n. [< gelatin mation of a tremulous jelly when its solution in boiling-oid.] I. a. Resembling gelatin; jelly-like, from a solution of gelatin by tannin, which forms an elastic water cools. A yellowish-white precipitate is thrown down as an animal substance; gelatinous. adhesive mass. Tannin has the same action also on the This indicates a condition of the synovial membrane tissues from which gelatin is made, and this action of tan- known as gelatinoid degeneration. nin is the foundation of the art of tanning leather. GelJ. H. Packard, Medical News, L. 281. atin is nearly related to the proteids. It is regarded as a II. n. A substance allied to or resembling nutritious food, and much used in preparing soups, jellies, etc.; but animals fed exclusively on it die with the sympgelatin. toms of starvation. No chemical formula has yet been deduced for gelatin. It contains about 18.3 per cent. of

II. n. One of the Geissosaura. Geissospermum (gi-so-spèr'mum), n. [NL., Gr. yeiooov, yeioov, eaves, cornice, hem, border, + σπέρμα, seed.] A genus of apocynaceous trees, of two species, found in tropical South America. G. læve, known in Brazil as Pao pareira, has intensely bitter bark, which is used as a tonic and febrifuge. geitonogamy (gi-to-nog'a-mi), n. [< Gr. yeiTwv, a neighbor,+yáuos, marriage.] In bot., the fecundation of a pistil by pollen from another flower of the same plant. geizen, v. i. Same as gizzen. Gekko, gekko, n. See Gecco, gecko. Gekkonidæ, n. pl. See Gecconida. gelable (jel'a-bi), a. [ L. gelare, freeze (see geall),+ble.] Capable of being congealed, or of being converted into jelly. [Rare.] gelada (gel'a-dä), n. [Native name.] 1. An Abyssinian baboon, Cynocephalus or Cercopithecus or Theropithecus gelada, or Gelada rueppelli.

It is upward of 2 feet long, with a large mane, small ischial callosities, and naked face. It is of a dark-brown color, blackening on the shoulders and paling on the under parts, and has a pair of triangular naked spots on the throat.

2. [cap.] [NL.] A generic name of this animal: synonymous with Theropithecus. Gelalæan era. See era. Gelasian (je-la'si-an), a. [< Gelasius (see def.) +ian.] Of or pertaining to Gelasius, who was pope A. D. 492-6, and who composed and arranged certain prayers in the Roman liturgy. Copies of what is known as the Gelasian Sacramentary

exist in manuscripts of the eighth, ninth, and tenth cen turies, and contain the oldest extant texts of the Roman mass. The earlier part of the mass is not given in it. See Gregorian and Leonine.

Gelasimus (je-las'i-mus), n. [NL., <Gr. yeλáoquoc, laughable, < yeλav, laugh.] A genus of

nitrogen, 0.6 per cent. of sulphur, 50 of carbon, 7 of hy

drogen, and 23 of oxygen. (See jelly.) In all the arts
allied to photography, gelatin forms the basis of a great
variety of processes. It is at present the usual vehicle for
holding the sensitive salts of silver in dry plates, and for
holding the sensitive bichromate of potash in all the
photo-printing and photo-engraving processes. (See emul-
sion, carbon process (under carbon), photolithography, he-
liotype, and photography.) Gelatin is also used to form
the copying-pad in a variety of copying processes. See
hectograph.-Chromatized gelatin. See chromatize.
Explosive gelatin, a very powerful explosive compound
made by dissolving guncotton in nitroglycerin heated
gently in a water-bath. A small amount of gum camphor
may be added to diminish its sensitiveness. For military
purposes it has been made of 90 per cent. of nitroglycerin
and 10 per cent. of soluble nitrocellulose or guncotton. To
make the camphorated compound, 96 per cent. of the above
mixture and 4 per cent. of camphor is used. This prepa-
ration forms a gelatinous, elastic, translucent, pale-yellow
mass (specific gravity 1.6), of about the consistency of a
very stiff jelly, which can be easily cut with a knife. (C. E.
Munroe.) Also called gum-dynamite.-Gelatin culture.
See culture.-Gelatin of Wharton, or jelly of Whar-
ton, a kind of mucoid connective tissue which constitutes
most of the bulk of the umbilical cord.-Gelatin pro-
cess, any photographic process in which gelatin enters as
a basis or an element.-Gelatin sugar. Same as glyco-
coll.-Vegetable gelatin, one of the constituents of glu-
ten, identical or nearly so with animal gelatin. Also
called gliadin and glutin.

II. a. Like gelatin; gelatinous.

You shall always see their [insects'] eggs laid carefully and commodiously up, if in the waters, in neat and beautiful rows, oftentimes in that spermatick gelatine matter in which they are reposited.

Derham, Physico-Theology, vi. 6.

gelatinate (jel'a-ti-nat), v.; pret. and pp. gela-
tinated, ppr. gelatinating. [gelatin -ate2.]
I. trans. To make gelatinous.

II. intrans. To become gelatinous. In mineral.,
treated with hydrochlorid acid, are decomposed, and yield

said of a number of silicates, as calamin, which, when

on partial evaporation a more or less perfect jelly.

For contact printing from negatives of a suitable size, the gelatino-chloride process will be found especially suitable. Sci. Amer., N. S., LIV. 168.

From a pound of bone about an ounce of nutritive material was obtained, of which three-fourths was fat and the rest gelatinoids and the like.

The Century, XXXVI. 135.

Gelatinosi (jela-ti-no'si), n. pl. [NL., pl. of
*gelatinosus, gelatinous: see gelatinous.] In
Cuvier's system of classification, the second or-
der of his Polypi, consisting of Hydra, some hy-
droid Hydrozoa, some ciliated Infusoria, some
Polyzoa, and the echinodermatous Pedicellaria.
It was a heterogeneous group, now broken up.
gelatinosulphurous (jel"a-tin-o-sul'fèr-us), a.
[gelatin sulphur +-ous.] Consisting of gela-
tin and sulphur.
gelatinous (je-latʼi-nus), a. [< NL. *gelatino-
sus, gelatina, gelatin: see gelatin.] Of, per-
taining to, or consisting of gelatin; of the na-
ture or consistence of gelatin; resembling jelly.
The blue gelatinous sea-nettles were tossed before us by
the surge.
B. Taylor, Lands of the Saracen, p. 45.
This is especially the case with the genus Schizonema,
in which the gelatinous envelope forms a regular tubular
frond.
W. B. Carpenter, Micros., § 297.
Gelatinous disk. See disk.-Gelatinous felt, gelati-
nous tissue, in mycol., a fungal tissue in which the cell-
walls are jelly-like or mucilaginous from the absorption
of water.-Gelatinous tubes, thin-walled tubes of vary
ing length, filled with a gelatinous substance, opening by
fine pores, and carrying nerve-endings, which are placed
in an ampulla-like enlargement of varied form. Gegen-
baur, Comp. Anat. (trans.), p. 524.
gelatinously (je-lat'i-nus-li), adv. In the man-
ner of gelatin or jelly; so as to be gelatinous.
softened. H. C. Wood, Fresh-Water Algæ, p. 175.
gelatinousness (je-let'i-nus-nes), n.

The membrane of the parent-cell becoming gelatinously

The state

geld1 (geld), v. t.; pret. and pp. gelded or gelt,
or quality of being gelatinous.
Ppr. gelding. [ME. gelden, gilden (pp. gelded,
gelt), Icel. gelda Sw. gälla (for *gälda) =

geld

Dan. gilde, geld; cf. geld, a. The relation of
these words to E. dial. galt, a (gelded) hog (see
galt2), to gilt, a spayed sow (see gilts), and to
Goth. giltha, a sickle, is uncertain.] 1. To cas-
trate; emasculate: used especially of emascu-
lating animals for economic purposes.
A beautifull yong man, named Combabus, who fearing
what might happen, gelded himselfe.
Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 79.
Hence-2t. To deprive of anything essential.
No good at all that I can do for him;
Unless you call it good to pity him
Bereft and gelded of his patrimony.

Shak., Rich. II., ii. 1.
3t. To expurgate, as a book or other writing.
They were diligent enough to make sure work, and to
geld it so clearly in some places that they took away the
very manhood of it.
Dryden, Cleomenes, Pref.

4. In apiculture, to cut out old combs from (a hive) so that new ones may be built. Phin, Dict. Apiculture, p. 55. geld1 (geld), a. [E. dial.; Sc. yeld, yell, barren, not with young, too young to bear (of cattle, sheep, etc.), also barren, bleak (of soil), bleak (of weather), etc.; < ME. geld, gelde, gelded, barren, Icel. geldr = OSw. galder, Sw. gall Dan. gold MHG. gelte, G. gelt, barren (of cattle), sterile; cf. geld1, v.] 1. Gelded; castrated; rendered impotent.

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Geldynge or gelde horse, canterius.

Prompt. Parv., p. 190.
Elde maketh me geld an growen al grai.
Early Eng. Poems (ed. Furnivall), p. 148.

2t. Barren; sterile.

Elesabeth, thi cosyn, that is cald geld,
She has conceyffed a son.

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2478

Gemara Gelechiida (jel-e-ki'i-de), n. pl. [NL., Ge- Gelsemium (jel-sē'mi-um), n. [NL., less comlechia +-ida.] A group of tineid moths, rated monly (in the second sense) gelseminum, < It. as a family of the superfamily Tineina, typified gelsomino, jasmine, by the genus Gelechia. Stainton. Also Gelechida. the plant being geleem (ge-lem'), n. [Pers. gilim, a blanket.] known in the United A carpet made of goat's wool and having the States as the wild, pattern alike on both sides. The fabric is thin yellow, or Carolina and without pile. Also galim. jasmine, though not gelid (jel′id), a. [K L. gelidus, cool, cold, < ge- related to the true lum (gen. geli), also gelus (abl. gelu), LL. gen- jasmines: see jaserally gelu, cold, frost, akin to E. cool, cold, mine.] 1. A genus chill.] Cold; very cold; icy. [Chiefly poeti- of twining shrubs of cal.] the order Loganiacea, with opposite entire evergreen leaves and fragrant yellow flowers. There are three species, two natives of eastern Asia, and the third, G. sempervirens,

the yellow jasmine of the Flowering Branch of Yellow Jasmine

southern United States,
found in woods and low

(Gelsemium sempervirens).

grounds from Virginia to Texas. Its root has poisonous medicinally in various diseases.

properties inducing paralysis, and the tincture is used

The mass of blood
Within me is a standing lake of fire,.
Curled with the cold wind of my gelid sighs.
B. Jonson, New Inn, v. 1.
While sea-born gales their gelid wings expand,
To winnow fragrance round.the smiling land."
Goldsmith, Traveller, 1. 121.
gelidity (je-lid'i-ti), n. [< gelidity.] The
state of being gelid; extreme cold.
Gelidium (je-lid'i-um), n. [NL., <L. gelum, ge-
lus, gelu, cold, frost: see gelid.] A widely dif-
fused genus of florideous marine algae, having
narrowly linear or nearly terete much-branched
fronds of dense structure. The cystocarps are im-
mersed in the frond and contain spores attached to an axile
placenta. One of the commonest species is G. corneum.
gelidly (jel'id-li), adv. In a gelid or very cold
manner; coldly.
gelidness (jel'id-nes), n.
The state or quality
gelineæ (je-line-e), n. pl. [NL., <L. gelum, ge- gelt2t, n. See geld2.
of being gelid; coldness.

2. [l. c.] The root of this plant, or the tincture
prepared from it, used as a drug.
gelt (gelt). An occasional preterit and past
participle of geld1.
gelt1t (gelt), n. [< gelt, pp. of geld1, v.] A
gelding.

The spayed gelts they esteem the most profitable.
Mortimer, Husbandry.

lus, gelu, cold, frost: see gelid.] In bot., cells gelt (gelt), n. [A var. of gilt1.] Gilding; gilt.
in algals secreting vegetable jelly.
gell (gel), n. A dialectal variant of girl. Com-
pare gal2. [Prov. Eng.]

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=

I wonne her with a gyrdle of gelt. Towneley Mysteries, p. 75. Spenser, Shep. Cal., February. 3. Not with young: as, a geld cow; a geld ewe. gelust, a. A Middle English form of jealous. Halliwell. [Prov. Eng.]-4t. Poor; needy. She's a beauty thou thinks-an' soä is scoors o' gells. Tennyson, Northern Farmer, New Style, st. 4. gem (jem), n. [< ME. gemme, < OF. gemme, geld2+ (geld), n. [Occurs in mod. E. only as a geme, jame, F. gemme Pr. gemma Sp. yema historical term, referring to the AS. period; gellet, n. An obsolete form of jelly1. =Pg. gemma, a precious stone, gomo, a bud,: See green1. often written, improp., gelt, after G. geld, which Gellert's green. It. gemma, a bud, a precious stone, AS. gimm is pronounced and was formerly (in MHG. and Gelliina (jel-i-i'ne), n. pl. [NL., < Gellius + (also in comp. gim-stan), ME. gimme, zimme, a OHG.) written gelt, also gild (ML. geldum, gil- -inc.] A subfamily of Heterorhaphida, typi- precious stone, = OHG. gimma, MHG. gimme, dum); repr. AS. geld, gild, gyld, a payment, fistula, microscleres in form of stigmata, and gem.] 1. A bud; especially, a leaf-bud. See fied by the genus Gellius, having no cortex or G. gemme, L. gemma, a swelling bud, a jewel, a tribute (D. geld, money, OHG. MHG. gelt, payment, tribute, tax, G. geld, money, Dan. megascleres as oxea or strongyla. Ridley and gemma, 1. gjæld Sw. gäld, debt, Dendy. Goth. gild, payment, Gellius (jel'i-us), n. [NL.] The typical genus tribute), geldan, gildan, gieldan, gyldan, pay, > E. yield: see yield and gild2.] A payment, of Gelliina. J. E. Gray. tax, tribute, or fine: in modern histories and gellyt, n.. An obsolete spelling of jelly1. law-books in reference to the Anglo-Saxon Gelochelidon (jelo-ke-li'don), n. [NL. (Brehm, period, chiefly in composition, as in Danegeld, yehav, laugh, + xedov, a swallow.] A notable 1830), also Gelichelidon, < Gr. yéлws, laughter, wergeld or wergild, etc. genus of terns, of the subfamily Sternine, characterized by the stout bill, like a gull's. G. nilopolitan species, common in the United States. It is 14 tica or G. anglica is the gull-billed tern, a nearly cosmo

Fuller, Waltham Abbey, p. 7.
The payment or non-payment of the geld is a matter
which appears in every page of the Survey.
E. A. Freeman, Norman Conquest, V. 2.

geldablet, gildablet (gel'-, gil'da-bl), a. [< AF.
gildable, guldable; as geld2, gild2, +-able.] Lia-
ble to the payment of taxes; subject to taxa-
tion.

Thus each plough in a three-field manor normally tilled 120 acres, which counted for fiscal purposes as two geldable carucates, whereas in a two-field manor the annual tillage of each plough counted only as one geldable caruIsaac Taylor, N. and Q., 7th ser., II. 405. gelder (gel'der), n. [< ME. geldere; < geld1, v., +-erl.] One who castrates animals.

cate.

No sow-gelder did blow his horn,
To geld a cat, but cried Reform.
S. Butler, Hudibras, I. ii. 537.

gelder-rose, n. See guelder-rose.
gelding (gel'ding), n. [< ME. gelding, a eu-
nuch, a castrated horse, Icel. geldingr, m., a
wether, a eunuch, geldr, barren, + -ingr
AS. -ing E. -ings, a suffix denoting origin:
see geld1, a., and -ings.] 1. A castrated ani-
mal; specifically, a castrated horse.

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=

My gayest gelding I thee gave, To ride where ever liked thee. Greensleeves (Child's Ballads, IV. 242). I will rather trust... a thief to walk my ambling geld. ing. Shak., M. W. of W., ii. 2. 2t. A castrated man; a eunuch. And the gelding seide, lo watir, who forbedith me to be Wyclif, Acts viii. 36 (Oxf.). Geldrian, a. and n. See Gueldrian. geldumt, n. [ML., payment: see geld2.] The philosopher's stone.

baptised?

Gelechia (je-le'ki-ä), n. [NL. (Hübner, 1816), <Gr. ynλexns, sleeping on the earth, <yn, earth, +λéxos, bed.] A very large genus of tineid moths, typical of the family Gelechiida. These moths are wide-ranging, and present great variations of habit, some being case-bearers, others leaf-miners, others again gall-makers. The British Museum catalogue of 1864 contained 420 species, and nearly 200 have been described

for North America. See cut under gall-moth.

Gull-billed Tern (Gelochelidon nilotica).

inches long, 34 in expanse of wings, with a moderately
forked tail, pearly-blue mantle, white under parts, and
black cap, bill, and feet. The genus is also called Laropis.
gelofert, n. An obsolete form of gillyflower.
geloscopy (je-los'ko-pi), n. [Gr. yes, laugh-
ter, OKOTεiv, view.] A kind of divination
drawn from laughter, or a method of ascer-
taining the qualities and character of a person
from observation of his way of laughing.
gelose (jē'lōs), n. [< gel(atin) +-ose.]
chemical product obtained from Chinese and
Ceylon moss. It resembles gelatin in its property of
gelatinizing, but differs in certain chemical reactions, not
being precipitated by tannic acid. It is much used in
China and the East for soups and jellies. See agar-agar.
geloust, gelousiet. Middle English forms of
jealous, jealousy.
gelsemia (jel-se'mi-ä), n. [NL., < gelsemium.]
Same as gelsemine.

A

2. A precious stone of any kind, as the diamond, ruby, topaz, emerald, etc., especially when cut and polished for ornamental purposes; a jewel.

Full many a gem of purest ray serene
The dark unfathomed caves of ocean bear.
Gray, Elegy.
3. Something likened to a gem; a beautiful,
splendid, or costly object.

Thy brothyr Troylus eke, that gemme of gentle deedes,
To thinke howe he abused was, alas my heart it bleedes.
Gascoigne, Dan Bartholomew of Bath.

The brightest gems in a' your crown
Your seven fair sons wad be.

Skion Anna; Fair Annie (Child's Ballads, III. 385).

Wert thou [Ireland] all that I wish thee, great, glorious,

Rose, as in dance, the stately trees, and spread Their branches hung with copious fruit, or gemm'd Their blossoms. Milton, P. L., vii. 325. 2. To adorn with gems, jewels, or precious stones.-3. To bespangle; embellish or adorn as if with gems: as, foliage gemmed with dewdrops.

The fair star That gems the glittering coronet of morn. Shelley, Queen Mab, i. The very insects, as they sipped the dew that gemmed the tender grass of the meadows, joined in the joyous epithalamium. Irving, Knickerbocker, p. 109. England is studded and gemmed with castles and palaces. Irving. Tennyson, Geraint. [Chal., complement, completion.] A body of rabbinical comments and opinions on the Mishnah, and with it forming the Talmud, or, according to many Jewish writers, itself constituting the Talmud.

A coppice gemm'd with green and red.

gelsemine (jel'se-min), n. [Also written gelse-
min (NL. gelsemina); gelsemium + -ine2.] A Gemara (ge-mä'rä), n.
<
colorless, inodorous solid alkaloid, intensely
bitter, obtained from Gelsemium sempervirens,
and used in medicine in the treatment of cer-
tain inflammatory affections.

lying east of Taurus, on the other side of the
Milky Way. It represents the two youths Castor and
Pollux, sitting side by side. In the heads of the twins
respectively are situated the two bright stars which go by
their names-Castor to the west, a greenish star inter-
mediate between the first and second magnitudes, and
Pollux to the east, a full yellow star of the first magni
tude. The sun is in Gemini from about May 20th till
The Charioteer
And starry Gemini hang like glorious crowns
Over Orion's grave low down in the west.

geminate (jem'i-nat), v.; pret. and pp. gemi-
nated, ppr. geminating. [L. geminatus, pp. of
geminare (It. geminare Sp. geminar), double, about June 21st (the longest day).
pair, geminus, born at the same time, twin:
see Gemini.] I. trans. To double. [Rare.]