170 acres at Tiptree Heath in Essex, and here carried out his system of deep drainage and other methods of cultivation, so that in a few years his model farm was brought into a state of productiveness which yielded annually a handsome profit. In 1856 Mr. Mechi was appointed Sheriff of London, and in the following year he was elected an alderman, but he resigned his aldermanic gown about eight years afterwards. About the same time his services to the science of agriculture were rewarded by the presentation to him of a handsome testimonial of the value of 5007., subscribed for by noblemen and gentlemen at home and abroad. Mr. Mechi was for many years a member of the Council of the Society of Arts, and was a juror in the Department of Art and Science at the Great Exhibition of 1851 and at the Industrial Exhibition at Paris in 1854, to which he was specially sent by her Majesty's Government. In 1858 he published an account of his improved agricultural system, of which, in 1864, a new and enlarged edition was issued under the title of "How to Farm Profitably." Mr. Mechi was a magistrate for Middlesex and a Commissioner of Lieutenancy for the City of London. Dr. Robert Bullock Marsham, Warden of Merton College, Oxford, died on December 27, in the 95th year of his age, at his residence, Caversfield House, near Bicester. The eldest son of the late Hon. and Rev. Jacob Marsham, Canon of Windsor (brother of the first Earl of Romney), by his marriage with Amelia Frances, only daughter and heir of the late Mr. Joseph Bullock, of Caversfield, he was born in June 1786, and was educated at Eton and at Christ Church, Oxford, where he took his Bachelor's degree in 1807, the first year in which a formal class list was published, in which, however, the name of R.B. Marsham did not appear. He was nevertheless soon afterwards elected to a Fellowship at Merton College. In 1826 he was chosen to fill the Wardenship-a post to which, even half a century ago, laymen were eligible. He was the Senior Head of a House at Oxford, Dr. Hawkins, the Provost of Oriel, having been chosen two years later. Dr. Marsham was a magistrate and deputy-lieutenant for Oxfordshire, and he was an unsuccessful candidate for the representation of Oxford University against Mr. Gladstone, at the general election of 1852, being put up by the Conservative party. Dr. Marsham married, in 1828, Jessie, daughter of the late General David Dewar, of Gilston House, Fifeshire, and widow of Sir John C. Anstruther. Dr. Arnold Ruge died at Brighton on December 31, at the age of 77. Born in the island of Rugen during the Napoleonic wars, he made his first appearance in political life at Jena, where as a student he joined a revolutionary society and was imprisoned for five years in the fortress of Colberg. He cultivated Greek literature and metaphysics during his imprisonment, and published in 1830 a translation of the "Edipus" of Sophocles, as well as a drama of his own, and an elaborate essay on the "Ethics" of Plato, whose works were his particular study. He next studied Hegel, and founded at Halle, in conjunction with Echtermayer, who soon afterwards died, a review based upon the lines of the Hegelian doctrines. This review became noted for its bold advocacy of German unity and freedom. The enmity of the Prussian Government caused his removal to Saxony and thence to Paris, where, among other works, he published a German translation of "The Letters of Junius." In 1848 he was elected deputy for Breslau to the Frankfort Parliament, where he was the recognised leader of the Extreme Left. On the collapse of this attempt at a united German Parliament, Ruge returned to Berlin and founded the Reform, an organ of the Extreme Left of the Prussian Diet. This was promptly suppressed by the reactionary Government, and the founder, much reduced in fortune, fled to England in 1849. Since 1850 he lived at Brighton as a teacher of languages and correspondent of the German Press, but about three years since Prince Bismarck settled upon him a pension of 150l. a year. Dr. Ruge was an ardent supporter of the Liberal party in England as elsewhere, and formerly took a prominent part in the elections in Brighton. On December 1, at Folkestone, aged 59, James Cosmo Melville, Assistant UnderSecretary of State for India from 1858-72. On December 1, at Accra, Herbert Taylor Usher, C.M.G., Governor of the Gold Coast Colony. He began his official life in the Commissariat; but after the close of the Crimean War entered the Colonial Department, filling in succession numerous important posts on the West 1880.] OBITUARY. On Coast of Africa. From 1872-75 he was Lieutenant-Governor of Tobago, whence he was transferred to Labuan. In 1879 he was made Governor of the Gold Coast Colony. On December 4, at Versailles, aged 36, M. Albert Joly, a deputy and leader of the French Bar. He had risen from humble circumstances, and distinguished himself by the manner in which he had defended Rossel and Rochefort, when brought before the military courts-martial after the defeat of the Paris Commune. In 1876 he was elected for his native town of Versailles. December 4, at Tarbes, General de Reffye, director of the French Government cannon-factory at Tarbes, and inventor of the mitrailleuse. On December 9, at Oxford, Robert L. Cotton, D.D., aged 86, Provost of Worcester College, Oxford, to which post he had been promoted in 1839 by the Duke of Wellington. In his younger days he had been invited by Pusey (who subsequently became his brother-in-law) to take part in the "Tracts for the Times," but Dr. Cotton's sympathies were strongly enlisted on the Evangelical side of the controversy. On December 10, at Kensington, aged 70, Professor Thomas Rymer Jones, F.R.S. He was forced to abandon the practice of medicine, for which he had qualified himself, on account of his deafness, and devoted himself wholly to the study of comparative anatomy. He was the first Professor in that branch at King's College, London, on its foundation, and in 1840 was appointed Fullerian Professor He was an attractive lecturer and a of Physiology at the Royal Institution. sound guide. On December 10, at Bombay, aged 26, Hon. Richard Westenra, third son of the late Lord Rossmore and heir presumptive to the estates and title. Having failed to pass the necessary examination for a commission in the Army, he enlisted in the 4th Dragoon Guards, and in January 1880 he was for good conduct and ability promoted from the ranks to be second lieutenant in the 9th Lancers. On December 11, at Berlin, aged 64, Karl Georg Burns, a disBorn at Helmstedt, in Brunswick, he tinguished Professor of Roman law. studied law successively at Göttingen, Heidelberg, and Tübingen; thence he went as Professor to Rostock in 1849, and to Halle in 1851. In 1859 he returned to Tübingen, but in 1861 was offered the chair at Berlin University vacant by the death of Savigny. On December 14, in South Africa, killed in action with the Tembus, Commandant Wilhelm von Linsengen, C.M.G. He entered the Hanoverian Army in 1840, and in 1854 was appointed Captain of the British German Legion. In 1856 he went with part of it to the Cape of Good Hope, and has taken part in all subsequent wars in that district, Lord Chelmsford and Sir Evelyn Wood repeatedly naming him in their despatches for his active services. He was killed with his son, whilst endeavouring to save a young trooper who, having been dismounted, was too closely pursued by the enemy. On December 18, at Paris, aged 88, Michel Chasles, a geometrician of some note, and a Professor at the Sorbonne. On December 18, James C. Watson, a Canadian by birth. Succeeded, in 1863, Professor Brunnow as Director of the Ann Arbor University, Michigan, U.S. Between 1863 and 1877 he discovered twenty-two small planets between Mars and Jupiter. His most important work, "Theoretical Astronomy," published in 1868, gained him a high place amongst contemporary astronomers. On December 19, at Branksome Towers, Bournemouth, the Duchess of Westminster. Lady Constance Gertrude Leveson-Gower, the fourth daughter of George Granville, second Duke of Sutherland, was born June 16, 1834; married on April 28, 1852, to Hugh Lupus, Earl Grosvenor, successively Marquess and Duke of Westminster. She was distinguished alike by her beauty, her widespread benevolence, and her attachment to her friends and family. On December 21, aged 54, George Frederick Ansell, inventor of the fire-damp indicator. In early life he studied surgery, which he forsook for chemistry, becoming in time lectureassistant to Dr. Hofmann at the Royal School of Mines. He next became Professor of Chemistry at the Royal Panopticon, where he succeeded in volatilizing gold, &c. In 1855 he received an appointment in the Mint, of which he wrote a valuable history, and to which he rendered valuable services by his treatment of brittle gold. On December 21, aged 78, at Gresford Vicarage, Denbighshire, Venerable Robert Wickham, late Archdeacon of St. Asaph. He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford, where, in 1823, he took a second-class in mathematics. For many years he conducted a private school at Twyford, near Winchester. On December 26, at South Norwood, aged 76, John Cousen, a landscape engraver, whose works after Turner, Stanfield, and others have obtained for him a high position among engravers. He was born at Bradford, Yorkshire, but came to On December 28, at Stuttgart, Christopher Ulrich London at an early age. Louis, infant son of Prince Louis of Wurtemberg and the Princess Marie of Waldeck; heir presumptive to the throne of Wurtemberg. On December 29, at the age of 53, Clement Upton Cottrell-Dormer, of Rousham Hall, Oxfordshire, and Berkeley Square, London. He was born in 1827, and married, in 1858, Florence Anne, second daughter of the late Mr. Thomas Upton, of Ingmire Hall, county York, and sister of Sir John Henry Smyth, of Ashton Court, Somerset. He assumed the name of Upton by Royal license in 1876. His mother, Mrs. Cottrell-Dormer, eldest daughter of the late Mr. Walter Strickland, who married the late Mr. Charles Dormer in 1826, survives him, and is Lady of the Manor and patron of Flamborough, Yorkshire (Danes' Dyke). In 1641 Charles Cottrell was appointed Master of the Ceremonies, and this honour was inherited by the representatives of the family down to the time of the abolition of the office. Among the treasures in the mansion at Rousham is a medal which was worn by all the holders of the office. It was put round Sir Charles Cottrell's neck by Charles II., at the Restoration. On December 30, at Melbourne, aged 67, Sir Redmond Barry, one of the judges of the Supreme Court of Victoria, son of Major-General Henry Green Barry, of Barryclough, county Cork. Educated at Trinity College, Dublin; called to the Bar in 1838; soon after went to Victoria, where, in 1850, he was made Solicitor-General, and in the year following advanced to the Bench. For upwards of five years he had been Chancellor of the University of Melbourne. On December 30, at Neu-Strelitz, Marie Wilhelmine Friederike, daughter of the Landgrave Friedrich of Hesse Cassel. Born 1796; married in 1812 to the Grand Duke George Friedrich Karl Joseph of Mecklenburgh-Strelitz, who died in 1860. On December 30, at Cannes, aged 65, General Edward Tuite Dalton, C.S.I., an Indian officer of much service on the Assam and Tibet frontiers. On December 31, at Walham Green, J. D. Stoyle, a comic actor of considerable promise. Born at Bath in 1830, he ran away from home and appeared on the stage at Manchester His first appearance in London was in 1865, in Mr. H. T. Craven's "Milky White" -his favourite part was that of the gravedigger in "Hamlet." On December 31, in London, aged 71, Dr. John Stenhouse, F.R.S., born at Glasgow, the pupil of Graham and Liebig. He became distinguished in the study of organic chemistry, and was one of the founders of the Chemical Society. In 1865 he succeeded Dr. Hofmann as assayer to the Royal Mint, a post abolished in 1870. He was the inventor of the charcoal respirator, the charcoal sewer-ventilator, and of a process of waterproofing by means of paraffin. CIVIL LIST PENSIONS, 1879-80. Mrs. Sarah Vargas, in consideration of the long and meritorious services of her late husband, Mr. Peter Vargas, superintendent of the Parliamentary messengers under the Secretary of the Treasury, 251.; Miss Sarah Sophia Vargas, Miss Clara Vargas, Miss Louisa Emily Vargas, Miss Rosa Vargas, and Miss Henrietta Vargas, 257. each, in consideration of the long and meritorious services of their father, the late Mr. Peter Vargas, superintendent of the Parliamentary messengers under the Secretary of the Treasury. Miss Mary Ann Sydney Turner, 757., in consideration of the services rendered by her father, the late Very Rev. Sydney Turner, as inspector of reformatories and industrial schools. Miss Millicent Flora Louisa MacLeay, 1007., in consideration of the services rendered to art by her father, the late Mr. Kenneth MacLeay, a life visitor of the Royal Scottish Academy. Mr. Richard Henry Hengist Horne, 507., in addition to the pension of 507. granted in 1874, in recognition of his contributions to literature. Mrs. Marian Hepworth Dixon, 1007., in consideration of the literary services of her late husband, Mr. William Hepworth Dixon. Mr. Walter Hood Fitch, 1007., in recognition of his long and valuable services towards the advancement of botanical science. Mr. William Thomas Best, 1007., in consideration of his services to music. Mr. Samuel Carter Hall, 150%., in recognition of his literary services. Dr. Henry Dunbar, 801., in consideration of his services to classical literature. Miss Georgina Jackson, 407., in consideration of her philological researches. Lady Goss, 707., in consideration of the services rendered to music by her husband, the late Sir John Goss. Mrs. Anne Jane Sampson and Miss Julia Goss, 607. (jointly), in similar consideration of the services of their father, the late Sir John Goss. Mrs. Broun, 75k, in consideration of the services rendered to science by her husband, the late Mr. J. A. Broun, F.R.S. Lady Fothergill-Cooke, 50l., in consideration of the services of her husband, the late Sir W. Fothergill-Cooke, in connection with the introduction of the telegraphic system into this country. Total, 1,2007. PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. Jan. 1. Lieutenant Arthur John Bigge, R.A., to be one of the Grooms in Waiting in Ordinary to Her Majesty, in the room of Major Charles E. Phipps, resigned. 3. Sir Brydges Powell Henniker, Bart., Registrar-General of Births, Deaths, and Marriages in England, in the room of George Graham, Esq., resigned. - 5. Henry Connor, Esq., Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Colony of Natal, to be a Knight of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. John Kirk, Esq., C.M.G., now H.M.'s. Consul-General at Zanzibar, to be H.M.'s Agent and Consul-General at Zanzibar. - 7. Arthur Shirley Hamilton, Esq., to be a Member of the Legislative Council of the Island of Labuan. Captain William Arthur de Vesci Brownlow, R.N., Surveyor of Shipping in the Transport Department of the Admiralty, to be an Ordinary Member of the Civil Division of the Third Class, or Companions of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath. 8. James Marshall, Esq., late a Puisne Judge of the Supreme Court of the Gold Coast Colony, to be the Chief Justice of that Colony. George Henry Robert Charles William, Marquess of Londonderry, K.P., to be Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of the county palatine of Durham, in the room of George Frederick D'Arcy, Earl of Durham, deceased. Affairs; Major-General Edward Bruce Hamley, R.A., C.B., late H.M.'s Commissioner for the delimitation of Bulgaria; Charles Rivers Wilson, Esq., C.B., Secretary and Controller-General of the National Debt Office. To be Ordinary Members of the Third Class, or Companions of the said Most Distinguished Order :-Robert Hart, Esq., Inspector-General of Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs; George Jackson Eldridge, Esq., H.M.'s ConsulGeneral, Beyrout; Lieutenant Herbert Charles Chermside, R.E., late Military Attaché at Constantinople and Assistant-Commissioner for the delimitation of Bulgaria, and now H.M.'s Vice-Consul at Aidin; Lieutenant Charles Le Strange, R.N., to be Extra Equerry in Waiting to H.R.H the Duke of Edinburgh. 13. Hon. Emily Sarah Cathcart to be Extra Woman of the Bedchamber to Her Majesty; and the Hon. Ethel Henrietta Mary Cadogan, Extra Maid of Honour, to be Maid of Honour in Ordinary to Her Majesty, in the room of the Hon. Emily Sarah Cathcart, resigned. 19. Arthur de Capel Crowe, Esq., now H.M.'s Consul at Copenhagen, to be H.M.'s Consul-General in the Island of Cuba. 20. To be an Ordinary Member of the Third Class, or Companions of the Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and St. George ::-Lieut.-Col. Zachary Stanley Bayly, of the Cape Mounted Riflemen. 28. Henry Thomas Wrenfordsley, Esq. (late Procureur and AdvocateGeneral of Mauritius), to be Chief Justice of the Colony of Western Australia. 29. Bruce Lockhart Burnside, Esq. (late Attorney-General of the Bahama Islands), to be Queen's Advocate for the Island of Ceylon. 30. Edward K. Moylan, Esq. (late Attorney-General of the Island of Tobago), to be Attorney-General for the Island of Grenada. Feb. 2. William Henry White, Esq., Accountant-General of the Army; Arthur Lawrence Halliburton, Esq., Director of Supplies and Transport; Commissary-General Fitz-James Edward Watt, Commissariat Department; Assistant-Commissary-General William Frederick Wright, Ordnance Store Department; and Major William Clare Ball, Staff Paymaster, Army Pay Department, to be Ordinary Members of the Civil Division of the Third Class, or Companions of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath. 3. Sir William Cleaver Francis Robinson, K.C.M.G. (late Governor of the Straits Settlements), to be Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony of Western Australia and its Dependencies. Major Oliver Beauchamp Coventry St. John, C.S.I., Royal (late Bengal) Engineers, to the rank of Lieut.-Col. in recognition of his special services in Afghanistan. Dated February 4, 1880. - 4. His Excellency Prince Lobanoff-Rostoffsky, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary from His Majesty the Emperor of Russia, delivered his credentials; and Mori Arinori delivered the letter of recall of Wooyeno Kagenori and his own credentials as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary from His Majesty the Emperor of Japan. 5. Edward Hyde Hewett, Esq., to be H.M.'s Consul for the island of Fernando Po, and for the territories on the western coast of Africa comprised within the Bights of Benin and Biafra, and lying between Cape St. Paul's to the west, and Cape St. John to the east, or in the rivers or water communications lying between the two capes in question so far inland as British trading settlements or trading operations extend. 9. Member returned to serve in the present Parliament. Borough of Liverpool.-Edward Whitley, of Clovelly, Anfield, Liverpool, Esq., in the place of John Torr, Esq., deceased. Hon. Mrs. Charles Eliot to be Ladyin-Waiting to her Royal Highness the Princess Frederica of Hanover. 10. 71st Regiment of Foot.-Gen. John Hamilton Elphinstone Dalrymple, C.B., from the 108th Foot, to be Colonel, vice General the Hon. Sir G. Cadogan, K.C.B., deceased. 93rd Regiment of Foot.-General Mark Kerr Atherley, from the 109th Foot, to be Colonel, vice General W. Munro, C.B., deceased. 108th Regiment of Foot. Lieut.Gen. Sir Edward Harris Greathed, K.C.B., to be Colonel, vice General J. H. E. Dalrymple, C.B., transferred to the 71st Foot. 109th Regiment of Foot.-Lieut.Gen. Sir Richard Denis Kelly, K.C.B., to be Colonel, vice General M. K. Atherley, transferred to the 93rd Foot. 12. Hector William Macleod, Esq., M.A., to be a Puisne Judge of the Supreme Court of the Gold Colony. - 13. Member returned to serve in the present Parliament. Borough of Barnstaple. The Hon. Newton Wallop (commonly called Viscount Lymington), in the place of Samuel Danks Waddy, Esq., who accepted the Chiltern Hundreds. The following promotions conferred upon the undermentioned officers, in recognition of their services during the Zulu campaign of 1879: To be Colonels.-Lieut.-Cols. Charles Mansfield Clarke, C.B., 57th Foot; William Dunn Bond, 58th Foot; Robert Montresor Rogers, V.C., 90th Foot. To be Lieut.-Col.-Major John Moore Gurnell Tongue, 24th Foot. To be Majors.-Captains Charles Lacon Harvey, 71st Foot; Herbert Stewart, 3rd Dragoon Guards; William Stewart Hamilton, 90th Foot; Hugh Richard, Viscount Downe, 2nd Life Guards; Howard Molyneux, Edward Brunker, 26th Foot; Charles Wyndham Murray, 61st Foot. 14. Mr. William Conyngham Greene, of the Foreign Office, to be an Acting Third Secretary in H.M.'s Diplomatic Service while employed abroad. - 16. Major Eugéne Mervyn Roe, late of the 23rd Foot, to be one of H.M.'s Inspectors of Factories and Workshops. Member returned to serve in the present Parliament. Borough of Southwark.- Edward George Clarke, Esq., Barrister-at-Law, in the place of John Locke, Esq., deceased. 17. Major and Brevet Lieut.-Col. Baker Creed Russell, C.B., 13th Hussars, to be Aide-de-Camp to Her Majesty, with the rank of Colonel in the Army. William Hillier, Earl of Onslow, to be one of H.M.'s Lords in Waiting in Ordinary, in the room of Robert, Earl of Roden, deceased. |