PART IV. ARCHBISHOPS AND BISHOPS OF ENGLAND. THE ecclesiastical government of England is divided into two provinces, Canterbury and York. Canterbury hath the following twenty suffragan bishoprics appertaining to it: To the province of York belong the following six suffragan bishoprics: Carlisle. Chester. Durham. Ripon. Sodor and Man. The bishop of Sodor and Man is not a peer of parliament; but the present bishop of that see, the earl of Auckland, in right of his earldom, has his seat in the house of lords. By the act 10th and 11th Victoria, cap. 108. (passed 23rd July 1847), by which the see of Manchester was erected, it was declared, that the bishop of that see should then have no seat in parliament, with a view to not increasing the number of spiritual peers.1 By this act, the junior, or last appointed bishop, is to have no seat, until called to the house of lords by writ of summons, which is issued to him on the avoidance of another see and creation of a new bishop, who then, of course, becomes, in his turn, the junior' bishop. The archiepiscopal sees of Canterbury and York, and the three sees of London, Durham, and Winchester, are exempted from the operation of this act. ARCHBISHOPRIC OF CANTERBURY. THIS see was settled by Austin, or Augustin, a monk, who first preached the gospel in England; and, converting Ethelbert, king of Kent, that king, animated with great zeal for his new religion, bestowed many favours upon Austin, who in consequence fixed his residence in the capital of Ethelbert's dominions. The church was made a cathedral, repaired, consecrated, and dedicated to Christ, which dedication it still retains, although, for a considerable space of time, it was better known as St. Thomas's from Thomas à Becket, who was murdered in it. The present fabric was begun by archbishop Lanfranc and William Corbois, and greatly augmented by several of their successors. During the great rebellion, it suffered much, the usurper Cromwell having made a stable of it for his dragoons. After the Restoration, it was repaired, and made what it now appears. The diocese comprises the county of Kent, except the city and deanery of Rochester and some parishes in London. It included, until recently, a number of parishes in other dioceses: these were called Peculiars, it having been an ancient privilege of this see, that, wheresoever the archbishops had either manors or advowsons, the place was exempted from the jurisdiction of the ordinary of the diocese wherein it was situated, and was deemed in the diocese of Canterbury. Abolished from 1st January 1846. The archbishop is accounted Primate and Metropolitan of all England, and is the 1 The first and present bishop of Manchester, Dr. James Prince Lee, was called to the house of lords by writ of summons, in Feb. 1848. first peer in the realm; having the precedence of all dukes not of the blood-royal, and all the great officers of state. He is styled His Grace, and he writes himself Divina Providentia; whereas other bishops style themselves Divina Permissione. At coronations, he places the crown on the king's head'; and, wherever the court may be, the king and queen are the proper domestic parishioners of the archbishop. The bishop of London is accounted his provincial dean, the bishop of Winchester his sub-dean, the bishop of Lincoln his chancellor, and the bishop of Rochester his chaplain. Canterbury has yielded to the Church eighteen saints; to the Church of Rome nine cardinals; and to the civil state of England twelve lord chancellors, four lord treasurers, and one lord chief justice. The see is valued in the king's books at 28167. 17s. 9d. 596. Augustin, or Austin. 611. St. Lawrence. ARCHBISHOPS OF CANTERBURY. 934. Odo Severus; translated from Wilton. 959. St. Dunstan; translated from London. 988. Ethelgarus; translated from Selsey. 989. Siricius; translated from Wilton. 993. Alfric, or Aluricius; translated also from Wilton. 1006. St. Elphege; translated from Winchester. 1013. Leovingus, Livingus, or Elstan; translated from Wells. 1020. Agelnoth, or Ethelnotus; dean of Canterbury. 1038. St. Eadsine, or Eadsimus. 1050. Robert Gemeticensis. 1052. Stigand, bishop of Winchester; deprived of both sees for simony. 1070. St. Lanfranc, abbot of Caen, an Italian: died June 4, 1089. [The see vacant 4 years.] 1093. St. Anselm, abbot of Becco. [The see vacant 5 years.] 1114. Ralph, or Rodolphus; translated from Rochester. 1122. William Corbois, or Corbyl, prior of St. Osyth, in Essex; obtained this see from the king. [The see vacant 2 years.] 1138. Theobald, abbot of Becco. [The see vacant 2 years.] 1162. St. Thomas à Becket, archdeacon of [The see vacant 2 years.] 1193. Hubert Walter; translated from Salisbury; lord chancellor: died in 1205. Reginald, the sub-prior, was chosen by the monks, but was afterwards, at their own request, set aside by the king: they then chose Ralph Nevil, bishop of Chichester; John, 1234. Edmund, prebendary of Salisbury. William Chillenden was chosen; but set aside by the pope. 1272. Robert Kilwarby; made a cardinal and resigned this see in 1278. Robert Burnel, bishop of Bath and Wells, chosen; but set aside by the pope. 1278. John Peckham, canon of Lyons, provincial of Friars Minors. 1293. Robert Winchelsey, archdeacon of Essex, chancellor of Oxford. 1 At the coronation of king William and queen Mary, the bishop of London put the crown on the king's head, as Dr. Sancroft would not take the oaths to their majesties. 1313. Walter Reynolds; translated from Wor- 1486. Thomas Langton, bishop of Winchester, cester; lord chancellor, and lord treachosen; but he died Jan. 27, 1501, five days after. surer. 1396. Thomas Fitz-Alan (son of the earl of Arundel); translated from York; lord chancellor. [This prelate was charged with high treason, in 1398, and fled the kingdom, and Roger Walden, dean of York, was consecrated; but Fitz-Alan was afterwards restored by Henry IV.] 1414. Henry Chicheley; translated from St. David's. 1413. John Stafford; translated from Bath and 1452. John Kemp; translated from York; car- 1501. Henry Dene, or Deane; translated from Salisbury. 1504. William Warham; translated from London; lord chancellor. 1533. Thomas Cranmer, archdeacon of Taunton, 1556. Reginald Pole, dean of Exeter; cardinal. cester. 1604. Richard Bancroft; translated from London. 1611. George Abbot; translated from London. 1633. William Laud; translated from London: beheaded on Tower Hill, Jan. 10, 1644. [The see vacant 16 years.] 1660. William Juxon; translated from London. 1691. John Tillotson, dean of St. Paul's. 1758. Thomas Secker; translated from Oxford. 1848. John Bird Sumner; translated from Ches- BISHOPRIC OF BANGOR.1 Owen THIS see is of very great antiquity: the founder is unknown. The church is dedicated to St. Daniel, who was bishop here about the year 516; but, for near five hundred years afterwards, there is no certain record of the names of his successors. Glendower greatly defaced the cathedral, which bishop Dean repaired. The see met with a still more cruel ravager than Glendower, in the person of bishop Bulkeley, who not only alienated many of the lands belonging to it, but even sold the bells of the church. The diocese comprises the shire of Anglesey, and part of the shires of Carnarvon, Denbigh, Mericneth, and Montgomery. The see is valued in the king's books at 1311. 16s. 4d. BISHOPS OF BANGOR. 516. St. Daniel. * * 1107. Hervey, or Hervæus; translated to Ely. 1109. Urban, also bishop of Llandaff. 1 In the First General Report of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners for England, the union of the sees of Bangor and St. Asaph, was recommended to her Majesty, to take place on the avoidance of the sees, or on the avoidance of either, with the consent of the other bishop; and to this end, an order in council was gazetted 25th Jan. 1839; but public opinion and feeling subsequently set in so strongly (particularly in Wales) against this union, that the order was, in effect, annulled by the act 10th and 11th of Victoria, cap. 103, passed July 23, 1847, and the two sees still subsist separately. Anian Seys, according to Le Neve, in 1309. 1371. John Gilbert; translated to Hereford. 1424. Nicholaus, or John Clederow, canon of Chichester. Benjamin Hoadley, rector of St. Peter's- 1723. William Baker, warden of Wadham Col- 1728. Thomas Sherlock, dean of Chichester; translated to Salisbury. 1734. Charles Cecil; translated from Bristol. 1737. Thomas Herring, dean of Rochester; translated to York. 1743. Matthew Hutton; translated to York. 1748. Zachariah Pearce, dean of Winchester; translated to Rochester. 1756. John Egerton, dean of Hereford; translated to Lichfield and Coventry. 1769. John Ewer; translated from Llandaff. 1774. John Moore, dean of Canterbury; translated to Canterbury. 1783. John Warren; translated from St. David's. 1806. John Randolph; translated from Oxford 1809. 1830. Chester: died in 1830. Christopher Bethell (Oct. 10); translated from Exeter. The PRESENT Lord Bishop of Bangor. BISHOPRIC OF BATH AND WELLS. THIS diocese, although it has a double name, is but one bishopric. The church was built at Wells, by Ina, king of the West Saxons in 704, and by him dedicated to St. Andrew. Several others of the West Saxon kings endowed it, and it was erected into a bishopric in 905, during the reign of Edward the Elder. The present church was begun by Robert, the eighteenth bishop of the see, and completed by his immediate successor. John de Villula, the sixteenth bishop, having purchased the city of Bath for 500 merks of Hen. I., transferred his seat to that city in 1088. From this, disputes arose between the monks of Bath, and the canons of Wells, about the election of a bishop; but they were at length compromised by Robert, the eighteenth bishop, who decreed, that thenceforward the bishop should be styled from both places, and that the precedency should be given to Bath; that, in the vacancy of the see, the bishop should be elected by a certain number of delegates from both churches; that he should be installed in them both; that both should constitute the bishop's chapter; and all his grants and patents should be confirmed in both. So it stood till the Reformation. But, in the 35th of Henry VIII. an act of parliament passed, for the dean and chapter of Wells to make one sole chapter for the bishop. The diocese has yielded to the Church of Rome one cardinal, and to the civil state of England six lord chancellors, five lord treasurers, one lord privy seal, one lord president of Wales, and one principal secretary of state. The diocese contains the whole county of Somerset, Bedminster excepted. The see is valued in the king's books at 535l. 1s. 3d. BISHOPS OF WELLS. 905. Athelm, or Adelmus, abbot of Glastonbury; translated to Canterbury. 915. Wolphelmus, or Wulfhelme, or Wulfelm; translated to Canterbury. 924. Elphegus, or Alphegus. 942. Wolphemus, or Wulfelmus II. 958. Brithelmus, monk of Glastonbury. 997. Alwinus, or Ealfwyn. 1005. Burwaldus, or Burwold. 1008. Leovingus, Livingus, or Elstan; translated to Canterbury. 1013. Ethelwyn; expelled; restored in 1023. 1021. Brithwyn; expelled; restored in 1024. 1025. Merewith, abbot of Glastonbury. 973. Kinewardus, or Kinewaldus, abbot of Mid- 1031. Dudoco, or Bodeca, of Saxony or Lorraine. dleton. 985. Sigarus, abbot of Glastonbury. 1059. Giso, a Frenchman. BISHOPS OF BATH AND WELLS. 1088. John de Villula, a Frenchman. 1135. Robert, monk of Lewes, in Sussex: died [The see vacant 9 years.] 1174. Reginald Fitz - Joceline; translated to Canterbury; but died before conse cration. 1192. Savaricus, archdeacon of Northampton, and abbot of Glastonbury; whither he removed the bishopric. 1205. Joceline, canon of Wells: he died in 1242. 1244. Roger, chanter of Salisbury. 1264. Walter Giffard, canon of Wells, lord chan- 1267. William Bitton, or Button II., archdeacon of Wells. 1274. Robert Burnel, archdeacon of York, lord chancellor, and lord treasurer. 1292. William de Marchia, dean of St. Martin's, 1302. Walter Haselshaw, dean of Wells. surer. 1329. Ralph de Shrewsbury. 1388. Ralph Ergham, or Erghum; translated 1401. Richard Clifford; appointed to this see, but before consecration removed to Worcester. 1408. Nicholas Bubwith, or Bubbewith; translated from Salisbury. 1425. John Stafford, dean of Wells, lord treasurer; translated to Canterbury; lord chancellor. 1443. Thomas Beckyngton, warden of New Col- 1492. Richard Fox; translated from Exeter; 1518. Thomas Wolsey, cardinal; archbishop of York, and lord chancellor: he held this see in commendam, and resigned it in 1522. 1523. John Clark, master of the rolls, dean of Windsor. 1541. William Knight, secretary of state, prebend of St. Paul's. 1549. William Barlow; translated from St. Da- 1554. Gilbert Bourde, or Bourn, prebendary of 1584. Thomas Godwin, dean of Canterbury: he [The see vacant 2 years.] 1592. John Still, master of Trinity College, Cam- 1626. William Laud; translated from St. David's; 1628. Leonard Mawe, master of Trinity College, Cambridge. 1402. Henry Bowet, canon of Wells; translated 1629. Walter Curle; translated from Rochester; to York. translated to Winchester. |