of good and bad qualities. There may be an excellent professional man, so far as his qualifications and so far as his general intercourse with those who are in his service are concerned, but when he comes in contact with his professional brother he must put in only one finger to support his professional brother, but his whole hand must go in to aggrandize himself. I am sorry it is so.

Dr. Stewart-Mr. Chairman, I should hardly like to let this opportunity go by without at least thanking our President for his address. I feel proud of the occasion. I feel proud of the Indiana State Society when I look around among these men. I am a comparative stranger to most of you. I am glad that the moral tone. of the medical profession is on the up-grade. The time was when a men could go into the sick-room cursing and swearing and they thought he was a great doctor. That time, I am glad to know, has gone by, because I would not make a hand at that; I would come out behind. I am glad that the men who lead in the regular profession to-day, the educated medical men, are dignified gentlemen. I shall not extend my remarks, but simply thank our President for his excellent address.

Dr. Woolen-Mr. Chairman, I am glad to know that my remark to-day is vindicated, and that was, that I thought our President's address would be such as to entertain us, and make an object worthy of our consideration for the evening, without any other discussion. I see that it has accomplished what I thought it would. I want to say that I join in with the members of the Society who applauded the paper so freely in my expression of esteem and commendation of its general tone. It discusses the question of medical civilization, if you please. We forget our relations sometimes. We think about the general question of civilization as it bears upon other things; we recognize that it is a question of morality; that it is a question of ethics; that it is a question of humanity. We are influenced by law; we are influenced by the tone of the theology of the country and things of that kind, and yet we forget that civilization is made up of parts and that the medical profession is one of those parts, and that the tone of the medical profession has much to do with the civilization of the country. One of the marvels to our friends abroad is, how it is possible that we can take the elements that are poured in on this country and amalgamate

and utilize them and preserve our nationality and civilization as well as we do. That question would seem at first to be one of wages and civil government, and yet it reaches further than that; it goes into the essential nature of societies, and of societies composed of medical men. The point I want to bring out more distinctly is that this Society is a true representation of the medical profession to-day. Anybody coming in here this evening will see a true representation of the medical profession of this State. The address that has been given us by the President, whom we chose a year ago, speaks well for us. It shows that the civilization of the medical profession is on a good basis, and that there is a healthful tone that is to be desired and emulated. We are not here, each man standing and fighting for himself; we are surrounded by a healthful tone of moral character and civilization that is inspiring. The interpretation that has been put upon our code of ethics in the past has been untrue, and has been such as we could not ourselves indorse. It has been said that we were bound by a code of ethics that was unChristian and illiberal, and that we were a set of bigots; but the interpretation put upon it to-night shows it to be quite different; it shows it to be founded upon a broad spirit of philanthropy and brotherhood. And yet, whether that is a proper interpretation or not is a question of the future. What interpretation we give it, what our deportment shall be in the immediate future, is a question we have to face, and we might as well look at it fairly, discuss the question carefully, and come to a conclusion as to what we are going to do. Now, we have a law which is a feeble step in the right direction, and have called the attention of the people somewhat to the fact of the necessity of medical education as a standard for medical men. Now the question is, how are we going to take these other measures closely allied to it into this absorbing process? We can not weed out quackery by crying and snarling against it; we have got to do it by the process of absorption. We have got to put ourselves on a high plane and then educate the brotherhood. Every person who practices medicine is a brother. We are named and they are named as doctors, and we have got to face it. It is a question to regulate. As we regulate ourselves we regulate the practice of medicine. We ought not to let a meeting of this Society pass without mature deliberation. As yet we are on pioneer

ground. I do hope that some measures will be made for the further development of this medical civilization that is now in its infancy. I hope to see a larger Society, and one of more influence. There is nothing that I enjoy more than the thought that I was a charter member with Dr. Lomax in the organization of this Society upon the basis of its present operation. I am sorry to see so many societies are not represented here by delegates. It is our business to see to other societies. We should encourage this general upward tone, so that the future will develop for us brighter prospects and make us more useful.

Dr. Tillson-Mr. Chairman, I want to express my thankfulness in regard to the paper, and I want to say that I agree with the doctors who have preceded me with their remarks; I subscribe to all they have said. But I want to call attention to one part of it; that is, to the use of tobacco, especially among the youths of our land. This was very forcibly pointed out to-day in Dr. Thomas's paper. I want to take back some things that I said to-day to some doctors; that I did not think to-day's work was an average for the first day of the State Medical Society; that the physicians present did not seem to manifest that interest that they usually did, and that there was too much confusion about the entrance that interfered somewhat with our business and somewhat detracted from the interest.

Dr. Lomax-Mr. Chairman, I wish to indorse individually and personally the sentiments of the excellent address with which we have been entertained. I approve of the sentiment and the beautiful style in which it was presented. I also very cordially indorse the proposition of Dr. Woolen, to incorporate medical civilization into the business and objects of our State Society. I think that is a matter of very great importance; that measures suited to promote the health and the sanitary welfare of the people of the State are measures which we should carefully consult and promote as far as we can. There are many things that we might promote, that we might encourage, which would amount to very great improvement in the health department of our State. I think that the law that we have creating a State Board of Health, is a very good law, and that it gives us an opportunity of promoting the true objects of the medical profession in an eminent degree. I think if physicians

would invariably and promptly fulfill the requirements of the law it would be a very great advance in the way of promoting the health and hygienic condition of our State. One thing has taken my attention as being a matter that we ought to look after, and that is the condition of our paupers. Almost every physician has some connection with the treatment or the condition of these objects of charity in our county asylums. I think we neglect this department of public charity too much. I think the medical profession, if it were to take more interest in the management of these provisions for the poor would do a very good and commendable work. I have seen quite a number of the county asylums provided for our unfortunate fellow beings which were really disgraceful to the Christian civilization of the country. This is a thing that ought not to be. I have been pleased very highly with the very liberal departure from the common penurious condition of communities over in Elkhart county. The people of that county have certainly done a magnificent work. I visited their asylum in the fall; it was not then completed. It was built on very large proportions and was well adapted to the purposes for which it was intended, and to render every comfort that well could be rendered to this unfortunate class of people. I do not now recollect the number of rooms; it was over 104 feet in one direction and over 100 in the other. It was put up at the cost of probably $30,000. The builder told me he had taken the contract at $22,000 for building and finishing all the rooms, and that the other appointments which would be necessary to make it proper for the purposes for which it was designed could not cost over $8,000 in addition, which would make $30,000. That is the finest asylum that I have ever seen. I have been through the State, and if there is any to compare with it in any other county I have failed to see it or hear of it. It is three-storied with a basement, and the rooms are furnished for every condition. Those who are mildly insane are provided for. Those who are paralytic and disabled from going around will also be cared for. They provide for the welfare and happiness of every person. is a magnanimous thing, and it is a matter that almost every county in the State can do. I think if physicians would urge upon their county commissioners the need of providing for the poor, it would do great good. There are a good many idiots and feeble minded

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persons, incapable of taking care of themselves, shoved back in the family residence and not permitted to be seen, who might be provided for properly, comfortably and honorably to the community, with very great advantage not only to them, but to the community in general.

Dr. Burket-Mr. Chairman, I want to indorse the sentiments vindicated by the President, and want to disagree with Dr. Hibberd with reference to ministers being better than doctors. If we would give a little more attention to the last thought expressed in the President's address, we would learn that we have many opportunities for ministering to the spiritual welfare, as well as the physical body, of man.

Dr. Boyd-Mr. Chairman, I rise to show my gratification not only at the address itself, but also to find so many doctors in this convention who indorse it. Since the organization of the Society, I have not listened to a presidential address that had such an interwoven web of reference to morality and faith in things beyond this world as the one we heard to-night, and the strange part of it is that so many doctors have indorsed it. I am glad to see it; I am more glad on the part of the doctors. We all knew that Dr. Kemper could do such work as that before this, but we did not (or I did not) think that so many doctors could be so wrought up as to speak so favorably of the paper and its ideas. I think I have seen a time here when the President of this Society would have been almost taken to account for alluding to such topics. They would have said we ought to be more scientific, and that anything beneath a scientific address was beneath the dignity of doctors; tonight it is reversed. It is the best testimony that I have seen for years that doctors are improving. Dr. Kemper, I will compliment you personally at some other time.

Dr. Eastman-Mr. Chairman, I simply rise to thank Dr. Kemper for his very able paper. I had expected much, but my expectations have been more than realized. I compliment the address in particular for the plain common sense language. The address is one of the very best I have ever heard, and I thank the doctor most cordially.