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at Scio (in the Review Smyrna iз stated, I have reason poetry is in rhyme. The most singular piece I have lately to think, incorrectly), and, besides the translation of seen, is a satire in dialogue between a Russian, EngBeccaria, and other works mentioned by the reviewer, lish, and French traveller, and the Waywode of Walhas published a lexicon in Romaic and French, if I may lachia (or Blackbey, as they term him), an archbishop, trust the assurance of some Danish travellers lately a merchant, and Cogia Bachi (or primate), in succesarrived from Paris; but the latest we have seen here sion; to all of whom under the Turks the writer attribm French and Greek is that of Gregory Zolikogloon. utes their present degeneracy. Their songs are someCoray has recently been involved in an unpleasant times pretty and pathetic, but their tunes generally controversy with M. Gail, a Parisian commentator and unpleasing to the ear of a Frank: the best is the famous editor of some translations from the Greek poets, in “Acúтe Raides Tŵv 'EXλívwv,” by the unfortunate Riga. consequence of the Institute having awarded him the But from a catalogue of more than sixty authors, now prize for his version of Hippocrates "Пepì bdáтwv," before me, only fifteen can be found who have touched etc. to the disparagement, and consequently displeasure, on any theme except theology. of the said Gail. To his exertions, literary and patriotic, I am intrusted with a commission by a Greek of great praise is undoubtedly due, but a part of that praise Athens, named Marmarotouri, to make arrangements, ought not to be withheld from the two brothers Zosimado if possible, for printing in London a translation of Bar(merchants settled in Leghorn), who sent him to Paris, and maintained him, for the express purpose of elucidating the ancient, and adding to the modern researches of his countrymen. Coray, however, is not considered by his countrymen equal to some who lived in the two last centuries: more particularly Dorotheus of Mitylene, whose Hellenic writings are so much esteemed by the Greeks, that Meletius terms him, "Méra rèv Θουκυδίδην καὶ Ξενοφώντα ἄριστος Ελλήνων.” (Ρ. 224. Ecclesiastical History, vol. iv.)

thelemi's Anacharsis in Romaic, as he has no other opportunity, unless he despatches the MS. to Vier.na by the Black Sea and Danube.

The reviewer mentions a school established at Hecatonesi, and suppressed at the instigation of Sebastiani; he means Cidonies, or, in Turkish, Haivali; a town on the continent where that institution, for a hundred students and three professors, still exists. It is true, that this establishment was disturbed by the Porte, under the ridiculous pretext that the Greeks were constructing a fortress instead of a college; but on investigation, and the payment of some purses to the Divan, it has been permitted to continue. The principal professor, named Veniamin (i. e. Benjamin), is stated to be a man of talent, but a free-thinker. He was born in Lesbos, studied in Italy, and is master of Hellenic, Latin, and some Frank languages, besides a smattering of the sciences.

Panagiotes Kodrikas, the translator of Fontenelle, and Kamarases, who translated Ocellus Lucanus on the Universe into French, Christodoulus, and more particularly Psalida, whom I have conversed with in Joannina, are also in high repute among their literati. The last-mentioned has published in Romaic and Latin a work on "True Happiness," dedicated to Catherine II. But Polyzois, who is stated by the reviewer to be the only modern except Coray, who has distinguished Though it is not my intention to enter farther on this himself by a knowledge of Hellenic, if he be the Poly-topic than may allude to the article in question, I canzois Lampanitziotes of Yanina, who has published a not but observe that the reviewer's lamentation over the number of editions in Romaic, was neither more nor fall of the Greeks appears singular, when he closes it less than an itinerant vender of books; with the con- with these words: "the change is to be attributed to 'heir tents of which he had no concern beyond his name on misfortunes, rather than to any physical degradation.” the title-page, placed there to secure his property in the It may be true, that the Greeks are not physically depublication, and he was, moreover, a man utterly des-generated, and that Constantinople contained, on the titute of scholastic acquirements. As the name, how-day when it changed masters, as many men of six feet ever, is not uncommon, some other Polyzois may have and upwards, as in the hour of prosperity; but ancient edited the Epistles of Aristænetus.

It is to be regretted that the system of continental blockade has closed the few channels through which the Greeks received their publications, particularly Venice and Trieste. Even the common granimars for children are become too dear for the lower orders. Amongst their original works, the Geography of Meletius, Archbishop of Athens, and a multitude of theological quartos and poetical pamphlets, are to be met with their grammars and lexicons of two, three, and four languages, are numerous and excellent. Their

66

1 I have in my possession an excellent Lexicon τρι yaworov," which I received in exchange from S. G-, Esq., for a small gem: my antiquarian friends have never forgotten

history and modern politics instruct us that something more than physical perfection is necessary to preserve a state in vigour and independence; and the Greeks, in particular, are a melancholy example of the near connexion between moral degradation and national decay.

The reviewer mentions a plan, "we believe," by Potemkin, for the purification of the Romaic, and I have endeavoured in vain to procure any tidings or traces of its existence. There was an academy in St. Petersburg for the Greeks: but it was suppressed by Paul, and has not been revived by his successor.

There is a slip of the and it can only be a slip of the pen, pen, in p. 58, No. xxxi, of the Edinburgh Review, where these words occur:-"We are told that when the capital of the East yielded to Solyman”—It may be pre2 In Gail's pamphlet against Coray, he talks of "throwing sumed that this last word will, in a future edition, be

t, or forgiven me.

the insolvent Helleniste out of the windows." On this a

French critic exclaims, "Ah, my God! throw a Helleniste

out of the window! what sacrilege!" It certainly would be a serious business for those authors who dwell in the attics: but I have quoted the passage merely to prove the similarity of style among the controversialists of all polished countries: Londor or Edinburgh could hardly parallel this Parisian spullition.

altered to Mahomet II.' The "ladies of Constantinople,"

1 In a former number of the Edinburgh Review, 1808, it is observed, "Lord Byron passed some of his early years in Scotland, where he might have learned that pibroch does not mean a bagpipe, any more than duet means a fiddle." Query, -Was it in Scotland that the young gentlemen of the Edin

seems, at that period spoke a dialect, "which would not have disgraced the lips of an Athenian." I do not know how that might be, but am sorry to say the ladies in general, and the Athenians in particular, are much altered; being far from choice either in their dialect or expressions, as the whole Attic race are barbarous to a proverb:

« η Αθηνα προτη χώρα

Τι γαιδαρους τρέφεις τώρα;

able specimens of their epistolary style. I also received some at Constantinople from private persons, written in a most hyperbolical style, but in the true antique character.

The reviewer proceeds, after some remarks on the tongue in its past and present state, to a paradox (page 59) on the great mischief the knowledge of his own language has done to Coray, who, it seems, is less likely to understand the ancient Greek, because he is perfect master of the modern! This observation follows a paraIn Gibbon, vol. x. p. 161, is the following sentence:“The vulgar dialect of the city was gross and barbarous, the Romaic, as "a powerful auxiliary," not only to the graph, recommending, in explicit terms, the study of though the compositions of the church and palace some-traveller and foreign merchant, but also to the classical umes affected to copy the purity of the Attic models." scholar; in short, to every body except the only person Whatever may be asserted on the subject, it is difficult who can be thoroughly acquainted with its uses: and to conceive that the "ladies of Constantinople," in the by a parity of reasoning, our old language is conjectured reign of the last Cæsar, spoke a purer dialect then Anna to be probably more attainable by "foreigners" than Comnena wrote three centuries before: and those royal by ourselves! Now I am inclined to think, that a Dutch pages are not esteemed the best models of composition, Tyro in our tongue (albeit himself of Saxon bloood) aithough the princess γλωτταν είχεν ΑΚΡΙΒΩΣ Αττικι- would be sadly perplexed with " Sir Tristrem,” or any Gavear. In the Fanal, and in Yanina, the best Greek other given "Auchinlech MS." with or without a gramis spoken: in the latter there is a flourishing school

under the direction of Psalida.

There is now in Athens a pupil of Psalida's, who is making a tour of observation through Greece: he is intelligent, and better educated than a fellow-commoner of most colleges. I mention this as a proof that the spirit of inquiry is not dormant amongst the Greeks.

mar or glossary; and to most apprehensions it seems evident, that none but a native can acquire a competent, far less complete, knowledge of our obsolete idioms. We may give the critic credit for his ingenuity, but no more believe him than we do Smollett's Lismahago, who maintains that the purest English is spoken in Edinburgh. That Coray may err is very possible; but if he does, the fault is in the man rather than in his mother tongue, which is, as it ought to be, of the greatest aid to the native student.-Here the Reviewer proceeds to business on Strabo's translators, and here I close my

remarks.

The reviewer mentions Mr. Wright, the author of the beautiful poem "Hora Ionicæ," as qualified to give details of these nominal Romans and degenerate Greeks, and also of their language: but Mr. Wright, though a good poet and an able man, has made a mistake where be states the Albanian dialect of the Romaic to approxi- Sir. W. Drummond, Mr. Hamilton, Lord Aberdeen mate nearest to the Hellenic: for the Albanians speak Dr. Clarke, Captain Leake, Mr. Gell, Mr. Walpole a Romaic as notoriously corrupt as the Scotch of Aber- and many others now in England, have all the requisites leenshire, or the Italian of Naples. Yanina (where, to furnish details of this fallen people. The few obserBext to Fanal, the Greek is purest), although the vations I have offered I should have left where I made capital of Ali Pacha's dominions, is not in Albania but them, had not the article in question, and, above all, Epirus; and beyond Delvinachi in Albania Proper up the spot where I read it, induced me to advert to those to Argyrocastro and Tepaleen (beyond which I did not pages, which the advantage of my present situation advance), they speak worse Greck than even the Athen-enabled me to clear, or at least to make the attempt. jans. I was attended for a year and a half by two of I have endeavoured to waive the personal feelings these singular mountaineers, whose mother tongue is which rise in despite of me in touching upon any part of Lyric, and I never heard them or their countrymen the Edinburgh Review; not from a wish to conciliate (whom I have seen, not only at home, but to the amount the favour of its writers, or to cancel the remembrance of twenty thousand in the army of Veli Pacha) praised of a syllable I have formerly published, but simply from for their Greek, but often laughed at for their provincial barbarisms.

I have in my possession about twenty-five letters, amongst which some from the Bey of Corinth, written to me by Notaras, the Cogia Bachi, and others by the dragoman of the Caimacam of the Morea (which last governs in Veli Pacha's absence) are said to be favour

burgh Review learned that Solyman means Mahomet II. any de than criticism means infallibility?—but thus it is,

a sense of the impropriety of mixing up private resentments with a disquisition of the present kind, and more particularly at this distance of time and place.

ADDITIONAL NOTE, ON THE TURKS. The difficulties of travelling in Turkey have been much exaggerated, or rather have considerably diminished of late years. The Mussulmans have been beaten into a kind of sullen civility, very comfortable to voyagers.

"Cadimus inque vicem præbemus crura sagittis." It is hazardous to say much on the subject of Turks The mistake seemed so completely a lapse of the pen (from and Turkey; since it is possible to live amongst them the treat similarity of the two words, and the total absence twenty years without acquiring information, at least of error from the former pages of the literary leviathan), that I should have passed it over as in the text, had I not perceived from themselves. As far as my own slight experience in the Edinburgh Review much facetious exultation on all carried me, I have no complaint to make; but am ingela detections, particularly a recent one, where words and stables are subjee's of disquisition and transposition; and the debted for many civilities (I might almost say io Lav-mentioned parallel passage in my own case irresistibly propeded me to hint how much easier it is to be critical than friendship), and much hospitality, to Ali Pacha, his sor correct. The gentienen, having enjoyed many a triumph on Veli Pacha of the Morea, and several others of high rank suth victories, will hardly begrudge me a slight ovation for the present in the provinces. Suleyman Aga, late Governor of

Athens, and now of Thebes, was a bon vivant, and as the upper or lower House of Parliament. Now this social a being as ever sat cross-legged at a tray or a question from a boy of ten years old proved that his table. During the carnival, when our English party education had not been neglected. It may be doubted were masquerading, both himself and his successor were if an English boy at that age knows the difference of more happy to "receive masks" than any dowager in the Divan from a College of Dervises; but I am very Grosvenor-square.

On one occasion of his supping at the convent, his friend and visitor, the Cadi of Thebes, was carried from table perfectly qualified for any club in Christendom, while the worthy Waywode himself triumphed in his fall.

sure a Spaniard does not. How little Mahmout, surrounded, as he had been, entirely by his Turkish tutors, had learned that there was such a thing as a parliament, it were useless to conjecture, unless we suppose that his instructors did not confine his studies to the Koran.

In all money transactions with the Moslems, I ever In all the mosques there are schools established found the strictest honour, the highest disinterestedness. which are very regularly attended; and the poor are In transacting business with them, there are none of taught without the church of Turkey being put into those dirty peculations, under the name of interest, dif- peril. I believe the system is not yet printed (though ference of exchange, commission, etc. etc., uniformly found in applying to a Greek consul to cash bills, even on the first houses in Pera.

With regard to presents, and established custom in the East, you will rarely find yourself a loser; as one worth acceptance is generally returned by another of similar value-a horse or a shawl.

there is such a thing as a Turkish press, and books printed on the late military institution of the Nizam Gedidd): nor have I heard whether the Mufti and the Mollas have subscribed, or the Caimacam and the Tefterdar taken the alarm, for fear the ingenuous youth of the turban should be taught not to "pray to God their way." The Greeks, also-a kind of Eastern In the capital and at court the citizens and courtiers Irish papists-have a college of their own at Maynooth are formed in the same school with those of Christian--no, at Haivali; where the heterodox receive much ity; but there does not exist a more honourable, the same kind of countenance from the Ottoman as friendly, and high-spirited character than the true Turk- the Catholic college from the English legislature. Who ish provincial Aga, or Moslem country gentleman. It shall then affirm that the Turks are ignorant bigots, is not meant here to designate the governors of towns, but those Agas who, by a kind of feudal tenure, possess lands and houses, of more or less extent, in Greece and Asia Minor.

The lower orders are in as tolerable discipline as the rabble in countries with greater pretensions to civilization. A Moslem, in walking the streets of our country towns, would be more incommoded in England than a Frank in a similar situation in Turkey. Regimentals are the best travelling dress.

when they thus evince the exact proportion of Christain charity which is tolerated in the most prosperous and orthodox of all possible kingdoms? But, though they allow all this, they will not suffer the Greeks to participate in their privileges: no, let them fight their battles, and pay their haratch (taxes), be drubbed in this world, and damned in the next. And shall we then emancipate our Irish Helots? Mahomet forbid! We should then be bad Mussulmans, and worse Christians; at present we unite the best of both-jesuitical The best accounts of the religion, and different sects faith, and something not much inferior to Turkish of Islamism, may be found in D'Olisson's French; of toleration. their manners, etc., perhaps in Thorton's English. The Ottomans, with all their defects, are not a people to be despised. Equal, at least, to the Spaniards, they are superior to the Portuguese. If it be difficult to pronounce AMONGST an enslaved people, obliged to have recourse what they are, we can at least say what they are not to foreign presses even for their books of religion, it is they are not treacherous, they are not cowardly, they less to be wondered at that we find so few publications do not burn heretics, they are not assassins, nor has an on general subjects, than that we find any at all. The enemy advanced to their capital. They are faithful to whole number of the Greeks, scattered up and down their sultan till he becomes unfit to govern, and devout the Turkish empire and elsewhere, may amount, at to their God without an inquisition. Were they driven most, to three millions; and yet, for so scanty a numfrom St. Sophia to-morrow, and the French or Russians ber, it is impossible to discover any nation with so enthroned in their stead, it would become a question, great a proportion of books and their authors, as the whether Europe would gain by the exchange. England would certainly be the loser.

APPENDIX.

Greeks of the present century. "Ay," but say the generous advocates of oppression, who, while they asWith regard to that ignorance of which they are so sert the ignorance of the Greeks, wish to prevent them generally, and sometines justly, accused, it may be from dispelling it, "ay, but these are mostly, if not doubted, always excepting France and England, in what all, ecclesiastical tracts, and consequently good for useful points of knowledge they are excelled by other nothing." Well! and pray what else can they write nations. Is it in the common arts of life? In their about? It is pleasant enough to hear a Frank, particmanufactures? Is a Turkish sabre inferior to a Toledo? ularly an Englishman, who may abuse the governor is a Turk worse clothed or lodged, or fed and ment of his own country; or a Frenchman, who may ¡aught, than a Spaniard? Are their Pachas worse edu-abuse every government except his own, and who may cated than a grandee? or an Effendi than a Knight of range at will over every philosophical, religious, scien St. Jago? i think not. tific, sceptical, or moral subject, sneering at the Greek

I remember Mahmout, the grandson of Ali Pacha, legends. A Greek must not write on politics, and canasking whether my fellow-traveller and myself were in not touch on science for want of instruction; if he

lexicon.

George Ventote; a lexicon in French, Italian, and Romaic.

Joubts, he is excommunicated and damned; therefore He removed to St. Petersburg the immense rock on his countrymen are not poisoned with modern philoso-which the statue of Peter the Great was fixed in 1769. phy; and, as to morals, thanks to the Turks! there are See the dissertation which he published in Paris, 1777. no such things. What then is left him, if he has a turn George Constantine has published a four-tongued for scribbling? Religion and holy biography: and it is natural enough that those who have so little in this life should look to the next. It is no great wonder then that in a catalogue now before me of fifty-five Greek writers, many of whom were lately living, not above fifteen should have touched on any thing but religion. The catalogue alluded to is contained in the twenty-sixth chapter of the fourth volume of Meletius's Ecclesiastical History. From this I subjoin an extract of those who have written on general subjects; which will be followed by some specimens of the Romaic.

There exist several other dictionaries in Latin and Romaic, French, etc., besides grammars, in every modern language, except English.

Amongst the living authors the following are most celebrated: '

Athanasius Parios has written a treatise on rhetoric in Hellenic.

Christodoulos, an Acarnanian, has published, in Vienna, some physical treatises in Hellenic.

Panagiotes Kodrikas, an Athenian, the Romaic trans

LIST OF ROMAIC AUTHORS.' Neophitus, Diakonos (the deacon) of the Morea, has lator of Fontenelle's "Plurality of Worlds" (a favourite published an extensive grammar, and also some politi-work amongst the Greeks), is stated to be a teacher of cal regulations, which last were left unfinished at his the Hellenic and Arabic languages in Paris, in both of which he is an adept.

death.

Prokopius, of Moscopolis (a town in Epirus), has written and published a catalogue of the learned Greeks. Seraphin, of Periclea, is the author of many works in the Turkish language, but Greek character, for the Christians of Caramania, who do not speak Romaic, but read the character.

Eustathius Psalidas, of Bucharest, a physician, made the tour of England for the purpose of study (xápiv padh☛rws): but though his name is enumerated, it is not stated that he has written any thing.

Kalinikus Torgeraus, Patriarch of Constantinople: many poems of his are extant, and also prose tracts, and a catalogue of patriarchs since the last taking of Constantinople.

Anastasius Macedon, of Naxos, member of the royal academy of Warsaw. A church biographer.

Demetrius Pamperes, a Moscopolite, has written many works, particularly “A Commentary on Hesiod's Shield of Hercules," and two hundred tales (of what is tot specified), and has published his correspondence with the celebrated George of Trebizond, his contemporary.

Meletins, a celebrated geographer; and author of the book from whence these notices are taken.

Dorotheus, of Mitylene, an Aristotelian philosopher: nis Hellenic works are in great repute, and he is esteemed by the moderns (I quote the words of Meletius) perà τῶν Θουκυδίδην καὶ Ξενοφῶντα ἄριςος Ελλήνων. Ι add further, on the authority of a well-informed Greek, that he was so famous amongst his countrymen, that they were accustomed to say, if Thucydides and Xenophon were wanting, he was capable of repairing the loss.

Marinus Count Tharboures, of Cephalonia, professor of chemistry in the academy of Padua, and member of that academy and those of Stockholm and Upsal. He has published, at Venice, an account of some marine animal, and a treatise on the properties of

run.

Marcus, brother to the former, famous in mechanics.

1 It is to be observed that the names given are not in chrosological order, but consist of some selected at a venture from: inst those who flourished from the taking of ConstantiRople to the time of Meletius.

Athanasius, the Parian, author of a treatise on rhet

oric.

Vicenzo Damodos, of Cephalonia, has written "cis rò proobúpbapov," on logic and physics.

John Kamarases, a Byzantine, has translated into French Ocellus on the Universe. He is said to be an excellent Hellenist and Latin scholar.

Gregorio Demetrius published, in Vienna, a geographical work: he has also translated several Italian authors, and printed his versions at Venice.

Of Coray and Psalida some account has been already given.

GREEK WAR SONG."
1.

ΔΕΥ͂ ΤΕ παῖδες τῶν Ἑλλήνων,
ὁ καιρὸς τῆς δόξης ἦλθεν.
ἧς φανῶμεν ἄξιοι ἐκείνων

ποῦ μᾶς δῶσαν τὴν ἀρχήν.
Ας πατήσωμεν ἀνδρείως

τὸν ζυγὸν τῆς τυραννίδος.
Εκδικήσωμεν πατρίδος
κάθε ὄνειδος αἰσχρόν.
Τὰ ὅπλα ἂς λάβωμεν·

παῖδες Ελλήνων, ἄγωμεν.
Ποταμιδὸν ἐχθρῶν τὸ αἷμα
ᾶς τρέξῃ ὑπὸ ποδῶν.

2.

Οθεν εἶσθε τῶν Ελλήνων
κόκκαλα ἀνδρειωμένα ;
Πνεύματα ἐσκορπισμένα,
τώρα λάβετε πνοήν;
Σ τὴν φωνὴν τῆς σαλπιγγός μου
συναχθῆτε ὅλα ὅμου.
Τὴν ἑπτάλοφον ζητεῖτε,
καὶ νικᾶτε πρὸ παντοῦ.

Τὰ ὅπλα ἂς λάβωμεν, etc.

1 These names are not taken from any publication.
2 A translation of this song will be found at page 524

3.

Σπάρτα, Σπάρτα, τί κοιμᾶσαι
ὕπνον λήθαργον, βαθύν ;
ξύπνησαν, κράξε Αθήνας,
σύμμαχον παντοτεινήν.
Ενθυμήσου Λεωνίδου
ἥρωος τοῦ 'ξακουςοῦ,
τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ἐπαινεμένου,
φοβεροῦ καὶ τρομεροῦ.

Τὰ ὅπλα ἂς λάβωμεν, etc.

ὅ που εἰς τὰς Θερμοπύλας

πόλεμον αὐτὸς κρατεῖ,

καὶ τοὺς Πέρσας ἁφανίζει
καὶ αὐτῶν κατακρατεῖ.
Μὲ τριακοσίους ἄνδρας,
εἰς τὸ κέντρον προχωρεῖ,
καὶ, ὡς λέων θυμωμένος,
εἰς τὸ αἷμά των βουτεῖ.

Τὰ ὅπλα ἂς λάβωμεν, etc.

ROMAIC EXTRACTS.

Ρώσσος, Άγγλος, καὶ Γάλλος κάμνοντες τὴν περιήγησιν

but this extract will be found sufficient. The Romaic in this composition is so easy as to render a version an insult to a scholar; but those who do not understand the original will excuse the following bad translation of what is in itself indifferent.

TRANSLATION.

| A Russian, Englishman, and Frenchman, making the
tour of Greece, and observing the miserable state of
the country, interrogate, in turn, a Greek patriot, to
learn the cause; afterwards an Archbishop, then a
Vlackbey,' a Merchant, and Cogia Bachi or Primate.

Thou friend of thy country! to strangers record
Why bear ye the yoke of the Ottoman lord?
Why bear ye these fetters thus tamely display'd,
The wrongs of the matron, the stripling, and maid!
The descendants of Hellas's race are not ye!

The patriot sons of the sage and the free,

Thus sprung from the blood of the noble and brave,
To vilely exist as the Mussulman slave!

Not such were the fathers your annals can boast,
Who conquer'd and died for the freedom you lost!
Not such was your land in her earlier hour,
The day-star of nations in wisdem and power!
And still will you thus unresisting increase,

Oh shameful dishonour! the darkness of Greece

Then tell us, beloved Achæan! reveal

The cause of the woes which you cannot conceal.

The reply of the Philellenist I have not translated, as

τῆς ̔Ελλάδος, καὶ βλέποντες τὴν ἀθλίαν τὴν κατά- it is no better than the question of the travelling trium στασιν, εἰρώτησαν καταρχὰς ἕνα Γραικὸν φιλέλληνα διὰ νὰ μάθουν τὴν αἰτίαν, μετ' αὐτὸν ἕνα μητροπολίτην, εἶτα ἕνα βλάχμπεην, ἔπειτα ἕνα πραγματευτὴν καὶ ἕνα προεστῶτα.

μας,

Εἰπέ ὦ φιλέλληνα, πῶς φέρεις τὴν σκλαβίαν
καὶ τὴν ἀπαρηγόρητον τῶν Τούρλων τυραννίαν,
πῶς ταῖς ξυλαῖς καὶ ὑβρισμοὺς καὶ σιδηροδεσμίαν
παίδων, παρθένων, γυναικῶν ἀνήκουστον φθορεῖαν.
Δὲν εἶλθ ̓ ἐσεῖς ἀπόγονοι ἐκείνων τῶν Ἑλλήνων
τῶν ἐλευθέρων καὶ σοφῶν καὶ τῶν φιλοπατρίδων,
καὶ πῶς ἐκεῖνοι ἀπέθνησκον γιὰ τὴν ἐλευθερίαν
καὶ τώρα ἐσεῖς ὑπόκεισθε εἰς τέτοιαν τυραννίαν,
καὶ ποῖον γένος ὡς ἐσεῖς ἐστάθη φωτισμένον
εἰς τὴν σοφίαν, δύναμιν, εἰς κ ̓ ὅλα ξακουσμένον
πῶς νῦν ἐκαταστήσατε τὴν φωτινὴν Ελλάδα.
βαβά! ὡς ἕνα σκέλεθρον, ὡς σκοτεινὴν λαμπάδαν
Ομίλει, φίλτατε Γραικέ, εἰπέ μας τὴν αἰτίαν,
μὴ κρύπτῃς τίποτες ἡμῶν, λύε τὴν ἀπορίαν.

Ο ΦΙΛΕΛΛΗΝΟΣ.
Ρωσσ-αγγλο-γάλλοι, Ἑλλὰς, καὶ ὄχι ἄλλοι,
ἦτον, ὡς λέτε, πόσον μεγάλη.
νῦν δὲ ἄθλια, καὶ ἀναξία

ἀφ' οὗ ἄρχισεν ἡ ἀμαθία.
ὅσ' ἠμποροῦσαν νὰ τὴν ξυπνήση
τοῦτ ̓ εἰς τὸ χεῖρον τὴν ὁδηγοῦσι.
αὐτὴ στενάζει, τὰ τέκνα κράζει,
στὸ νὰ προκόπτουν όλα προστάζει,
καὶ τότ ̓ ἐλπίζει ὅτι κερδίζει
εὑρεῖν ἐκεῖνο ποὺ τὴν φλογίζει.
Μὰ ὅστις τολμήσει νὰ τὴν ξυπνήσῃ

πάγει στὸν ἄδην χωρίς τινα κρίσιν.

The above is the commencement of a long dramatic

virate; and the above will sufficiently show with what kind of composition the Greeks are now satisfied. I trust I have not much injured the original in the few lines given as faithfully, and as near the “Oh, Miss Bailey! unfortunate Miss Bailey !” measure of the Romaic, as I could make them. Almost all their pieces, above a song, which aspire to the name of poetry, contain exactly the quantity of feet of

"A captain bold of Halifax who lived in country quarters," which is, in fact, the present heroic couplet of the Romaic.

SCENE FROM Ο ΚΑΦΕΝΕΣ.

TRANSLATED FROM THE ITALIAN OF GOLDONI BY
SPIRIDON VLANTI.

ΣΚΗΝΗ ΚΓ.

ΠΛΑΤΖΙΔΑ εἰς τὴν πόρταν τοῦ χανιοῦ, καὶ οἱ ἄνωθεν. ΠΛΑ. Ω Θεέ! ἀπὸ τὸ παραθύρι μοῦ ἐφάνη νὰ ἀκούσω τὴν φωνὴν τοῦ ἀνδρός μου· ἂν αὐτὸς εἶναι ἐδῶ, ἔφθασα σε καιρὸν νὰ τὸν ξεντροπιάσω. [Εὐγαίνει ἕνας δοῦλος ἀπὸ τὸ ἐργαστήρι.] Παλικάρι, πές μου, σὲ παρακαλω, ποιὸς εἶναι ἐκεῖ εἰς ἐκείνους τοὺς ὀντάδες ;

ΔΟΥΛ. Τρεῖς χρήσιμοι ἄνδρες. Ένας ὁ κύρ Εὐγέ νιος, ὁ ἄλλος ὁ κῦρ Μάρπιος Νεαπολιτάνος, καὶ ὁ τρίτος ὁ Κῦρ Κόντε Λέανδρος Αρδέντης.

ΠΛΑ. Ανάμεσα εἰς αὐτοὺς δὲν εἶναι ὁ Φλαμίνιος, αν ὅμως δὲν ἄλλαξεν όνομα.

ΛΕΑ. Νὰ ζῇ ἡ καλὴ τύχη τοῦ κὺρ Ευγενίου. [Πίνώντας.]

ΟΛΟΙ. Νὰ ζῇ, νὰ ζῇ.

ΠΛΑ. Αὐτὸς εἶναι ὁ ἄνδρας μου χωρὶς ἄλλο. Καλε

satire on the Greek presthood, princes, and gentry ; it άνθρωπε, κάμε μου την χαρὶν νὰ μὲ συντροφεύσῃς ἀπάνω

is contemptible as a composition, but perhaps curious us a specimen of their rhyme; I have the whole in MS.

1 Vlackbey Prince of Wallachia

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