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does, with vectos, and to refer simul to Aeneas: who had been with him through all his wanderings. — 338. Libyco; i. e. from Libya, though they had meanwhile visited Sicily. -339. See. V. 835 foll. Undis; the abl. including the notion of the acc: effusus in undas in medio cursu. So medioque sub aequore, v. 342. - 343-345. Mihi. Gr. 398. 5. A. & S. 211, R. 5 (1). This prediction is not elsewhere mentioned by Virg. Ponto = on the sea. -347. Cortina. See on III. 92. — 348. Deus=any god. See v. 341. He knew nothing of what Somnus had done. — 350. Cui; with either datus or haerebam, or both. With regebam supply quo from cui. — 351. Praecipitans in my fall: intrans. Maria. See on numen, v. 324. - 354. Undis; abl. abs. -356. Aqua; with vexit, like pelagoque vehatur, X. 165, fertur aqua, VIII. 549. Many join it with violentus. ·357. Ab unda; with prospexi, as in v. 385. —358–361. Cf. I. 538; IV. 613. Tenebam... invasisset. Gr. 512. 2. 2). A. & S. 259, R. 4 (1) (a). Uncis manibus; as in G. II. 365.—362. Cf. I. 556.—363. Cf. III. 600. Quod. See on II. 141. -364. Cf. IV. 274-366. Namque potes; i. e. you can easily find my body. · 367. Cf. v. 194. —368. Cf. II. 777; V. 56. —369. Cf. v. 134. 370. Dextram; the hand of promise, not of help. Cf. III. 610. -373. Cf. G. I. 37. - 376. Cf. II. 689; IV. 292. — 377. Cf. tolle memor, Hor. A. P. 367. —380. Cf. V. 605; IV. 623. — 381. Cf. v. 235. It is still called Punta di Palinuro.—382. Parumper=for a while. — 383. Cognomine; adj. with terra. Some read terrae. 384. Ergo indicates a resumption of the main subject. Peragunt; here nearly pergunt.—387. Ultro; as in II. 145.389. Jam istinc; with fare: speak from the place where you are, without coming nearer. 392-394. Nec vero=nor indeed. Alciden... Thesea. See on vv. 122, 123. Pirithoum; king of the Lapithae (see on v. 601). He and Theseus became close friends and aided each other in every project. Each was ambitious in love, and resolved to wed a daughter of Zeus. Theseus fixed upon Helen, and the two friends succeeded in carrying her off. Pirithous determined to take Persephone (Proserpina), the queen of Hades (Pluto), and Theseus, who would not abandon his friend, went with him to the lower world; but Pluto, knowing their design, seized them and fastened them to a rock. Heracles (Hercules) afterwards freed Theseus, but did not rescue Pirithous. See also on Hor. C. IV. 7. 27, and cf. C. III. 4. 80. Dis: Theseus from Neptune, Pirithous from Jove. Cf. v. 131. 395, 396. Cf. Ov. M. X. 65 and note. See also below, V. 417.397. Dominam our queen (or, my mistress). Ditis; with thalamo. — 398. Amphrysia; from her association with Apollo, who is called Amphrysius from the river Amphrysus in Thessaly, on whose banks he fed the herds of Admetus. -400

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402. Antro in his den. Terreat. Gr. 493. 2. A. & S. 262, R. 4. Patrui. Cf. Ov. M. V. 379. —403. Cf. I. 10, 545. —405. Cf. IV. 272. — 407. Agnoscas; probably in an imperative sense. mida... residunt; a metaphor from the sea. Cf. G. II. 479, 480. -408. Nechis; sc. acta inter eos (Wr.): nor did more than this pass between them. —409. Fatalis; explained by v. 147. — 411. Alias; other than Aeneas: a common idiom with alius and the Greek ἄλλος. Juga - transtra. 412. Laxatque = and clears. Alveo. See on ferreique, v. 280. -414. Cf. I. 122. Sutilis; i. e. made of skins, or of rushes or flags, as in Egypt. - 417. See on Hor. C. II. 13. 34. 418. Immanis; with recubans. Cf. v. 423 and III. 631. — 423. Cf. I. 193. —424. Sepulto. Cf. II. 265. — 426. Continuo; immediately on leaving the bank. -428. Exsortes= expertes. — 430. Mortis; with damnati. Gr. 410. 5. 1). A. & S. 217, R. 3 (a). — 431. Hae... sedes; of the lower world generally. -432, 433. Minos. See on Hor. C. II. 13. 22. Urnam. Cf. Hor. C. III. 1. 16. Concilium=the assemblage. Vitas- discit = learns what their lives have been and rehears the charges against them. - 435. Insontes; having done nothing worthy of death. Manu; nearly―ipsi. —436. Aethere in alto = in vita. -440. Fusi spreading. 443. Myrtea. See on E. VII. 62. — 444. Curae; as in IV. 1, etc.-445. Phaedram; the daughter of Minos and wife of Theseus. She fell in love with her step-son Hippolytus, by whom she was repulsed. She afterwards killed herself. Procrim; the wife of Cephalus, by whom she was accidentally killed. The legends concerning her are various and conflicting. Eriphylen. See on Hor. C. III. 16. 11. - 447. Evadnen; the wife of Capaneus, who was struck with lightning by Jupiter, because he had defied the god. While his body was burning, Evadne leaped into the flames and destroyed herself. Pasiphaën. See on v. 25. Laodamia; who voluntarily died with her husband Protesilaus. – 448. Caeneus; one of the Lapithae, originally a maiden, Caenis, who was changed by Neptune into a man, but recovered the female form in the lower world. —454. Per nubila; with videt and vidisse. -456. Nuntius; i. e. the blaze of the funeral pile, V. 3 foll. Ergo; as in Hor. C. I. 24. 5.—457. Exstinctam; sc. te esse. Gr. 551. 3. A. & S. 270, R. 1 (c). —458. Funeris seems to be emphatic: was it death that I brought upon you? Per, etc. Cf. III. 599.- 459. Cf. II. 142. 462. Senta horrida or inculta. .465. She is already moving away. Adspectu; dat. See on curru, E. V. 29. · 467, 468. Torva tuentem ... animum is a bold expression; though animus is sometimes an appositive of a person, as in V. 751. -469. Cf. I. 482.-470. Vultum. Gr. 380. A. & S. 234. II. — 471. Quam, etc. than if she had the fixedness of stubborn flint

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or a crag of Marpessa (a mountain of Paros). —473. Nemus; the silva of v. 443. Illi. See on mihi, v. 343. —474. "He answers all her cares and equals all her love." Dryden. Curis; dative. Gossrau makes it abl. 475. Cf. V. 700, 869.477. Datum; i. e. fato concessum (Wr.). Con. makes it dictum a Sibylla. Molitur. See on G. I. 329.- 478. Secreta; set apart for them. 479, 480. He sees the heroes of the Theban war, the great event of the heroic ages before the siege of Troy. — 481–485. Ad superos=apud superos, v. 568. Con. thinks it means that the wail was raised to the skies (cf. v. 561). Caduci. See on Hor. C. II. 13. 11. Longo ordine, as in II. 766, is nearly = ingenti multitudine. The heroes named are mentioned by Homer as among the most distinguished of the Trojans. Cereri sacrum; consecrated to the service of Ceres, perhaps her priest. Idaeus; in Hom. the charioteer of Priam. Here he is armor-bearer also. Cf. II. 476. —488. Conferre gradum = to walk by his side. 491–493. Trepidare; historical infin., so called. So vertere, tollere. Vocem; the war-cry, not a cry of terror. -495-497. Cf. II. 310. Ora, etc. Gr. 380. A. & S. 234. II. 498. Adeo. See on E. IV. 11.-499. Cf. IV. 304.500. Genus. Cf. V. 45. — 502, 503. Cui — licuit who has had his will of you so far? Suprema nocte; sc. Trojae. So in v. 513. — 505. Cf. III. 108, 304. - 506. Cf. III. 68. - 507. Locum; i. e. the memory of the place. Cf. vv. 235, 381. Te; thy body. Cf. v. 362. — 508. Patria terra; with ponere, not with decedens. 509. Tibi. 388. 4. A. & S. 225. II. — 511. Lacaenae the Spartan woman; contemptuously for Helen. See on I. 650, and cf. II. 601.-512. Mersere. Cf. vv. 429, 615. — 515, 516. See on II. 237, 238. — 516. Peditem. See on I. 564. - 517. Evantes orgia celebrating the rites of Bacchus by shouting Evan; i. e. the name of Bacchus. A Grecism. - 519. Summa — vocabat. From this we learn that Helen from the top of the citadel gave the signal to Agamemnon for the fleet to start. Cf. II. 254 foll. — 523. Egregia; ironical. 525. Limina : the chamber; unless we are to suppose a hysteron-proteron. - 526. Amanti; contemptuously of Menelaus, as if he were a new lover whose heart Helen was anxious to win. - 529. Hortator scelerum. Cf. II. 164. Aeolides; referring to the post-Homeric slander which made Ulysses the son of Sisyphus, who was son of Aeolus. See on II. 7.530. Instaurate =repay. — 533. Quae... fortuna; i. e. quae alia fortuna. Fatigat harasses. 534. Loca turbida : a region of chaotic gloom. 535. Hac vice sermonum during this interchange of discourse. Gr. 426. 1. A. & S. 253, N. 1. Quadrigis. Gr. 414. 4 A. & S. 247. 3. 536. Cursuin her course. Axem heaven. -537. Traherent. Gr. 486. 4. A. & S. 261, R. 4 and 5. — 538.

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Comes as a companion.-541. Dextera quae: right. The antecedent of quae is hac.· - 542. Iter Elysium. See on III. 507. Nobis implies that they were not to visit Tartarus. Laeva mittit; instead of saying it conducts them to Tartarus where they are punished. 545. Explebo numerum = = I will fill up the number (of the shades); i. e. by rejoining them. — 546. Utere habe.-547. In verbo even while he was speaking. 548. Respicit; often used of looking in another direction or at another object. Cf. II. 615; III. 593. - 549. Moenia = = fortification, stronghold. — 550. Torrentibus suggests the notion of a torrent as well as that of scorching flame. - 551. Phlegethon acts as a moat, apparently outside the walls. 552. Adversa; i. e. facing the beholder.-554. Stat; combining the notions of height and fixity. Ad auras ; as if surgit or se tollit had preceded. So in v. 561. — 555. Tisiphone. See on G. I. 278. - 557. Exaudiri; historical infin. 558. Ferri is explained by catenae. Tractae. Gr. 580. A. & S. 274, R. 5 (a). — 561. Urguentur; sc. scelerum facies. -563. Casto. See on III. 409. Thsistere; commonly with dat.- 564. Hecate. See on v. 118.566. Gnosius. See on G. I. 122. Rhadamanthus. See on Hor. C. II. 13. 22. -567. Castigatque, etc.; hysteronproteron. Dolos crimes; conceived of as skulking from justice and pleading not guilty. - 568, 569. Quae...commissa piacula what expiations of wicked deeds committed. Furto in con-. cealment; called furtum as a fraud on justice. Distulit in seram ... mortem = has put off to (this) late death; meaning, not a deathbed confession, but a suppression of guilt till it is revealed in the lower world. 570. Accincta = armed. — 571. Quatit=lashes. - 572. Sororum. See on G. I. 278. — 574. Custodia = = custos; i. e. Tisiphone. - 577. Saevior; i. e. than Tisiphone. - 578, 579. Cf. IV. 445; G. II. 292. — 580. Genus Terrae. See on G. I. 279. Hor. C. III. 4. 73 foll. — 582. Aloidas. See on Hor. C. III. 4. 49 foll.585. Salmonea; the son of Aeolus and brother of Sisyphus. For his arrogance in pretending to be equal to Jupiter and in imitating his thunder and lightning, that god hurled him to Tartarus by a thunderbolt. -588. Mediae — urbem through (his) city (i. e. Salmone) in the middle of Elis. · 590. Nimbos: thunder. 591. Simularet. Gr. 591. A. & S. 264. 8 (1). — 593. Ille is semipleonastic, as in I. 3 ; V. 458. — 594. Turbine. See on I. 45. 595. Tityon. See on Ov. M. X. 43. — 598. Poenis. Gr. 419. III. A. & S. 250. 2 (1). — 599. Epulis. Gr. 384. A. & S. 223.600. Fibris. See on G. I. 484. 601. Ixiona. See on Ov. M. X. 42. Pirithoum. See on v. 393. Lapithas (a rude tribe of mountaineers in Thessaly) seems to stand for the whole nation, Ixion and Pirithous being mentioned only as specimens. — 602. Jam jam. See

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on II. 701; IV. 371. Cadentique. The hypermeter has a rhetorical effect, the overlapping syllable expressing the just-falling stone. 603. Genialibus = banqueting. 604. Toris. Gr. 384. 1. A. & S. 223. — 605. Furiarum maxima; Alecto or Megaera, Tisiphone being otherwise employed. See v. 555. — 607. Exsurgitque; as if they were persisting in their attempt to eat, in spite of her prohibition. — 608. Quibus invisi. Gr. 388. 4. A. & S. 225. II. The expression is general, though Virg. may have thought of special instances like Atreus and Thyestes, Eteocles and Polynices. - 609. Innexa; metaphorical, as in IV. 51, but here of the web of trickery and wrong in which the patron is supposed to entangle his client. The laws of the Twelve Tables made the crime here mentioned capital. — 610. Divitiis — repertis = brooded alone over treasures found; a type of all who are greedy of gain.-611. Posuere dedere.613. Impia. See on G. I. 511. Fallere dextras; i. e. to violate the pledge of fidelity given to their masters. -615. Quam poenam; sc. exspectant; quam being relative, not interrogative, like quae in next clause. Poenam must be supplied after doceri; likewise formam and fortunam in the next clause. Forma... fortunave = form or lot (of penal suffering). The form itself is said mergere, as it receives them when they are engulfed in the abyss. —616. Que. See on G. II. 87.618. Theseus. See on vv. 122, 393. Phlegyas, the father of Ixion and a king of the Lapithae, set fire to the temple of Apollo, who killed him with his arrows. Non temnere divos is explanatory of discite justitiam, justitia being the rendering of their dues to all, gods as well as men. - 621. Auro. See on I. 484.-622. Fixit...refixit. See on Ov. M. I. 92. — 623. Invasit; with thalamum= invaded, with hymenaeos sought. — 625. Sint. See on G. II. 43. — 629. Susceptum- munus finish the task you have undertaken; i. e. carrying the golden bough to Proserpina.- 630. Cyclopum - caminis = reared by the forges of the Cyclops; i. e. by Vulcan and his Cyclops. See on G. I. 471. Cf. Hor. C. I. 4 78. - 631. Adverso-portas; i. e. in the arched gateway fronting us. 632. Haec... dona; for the singular. Praecepta; sc. deae. Cf. v. 142.-633. Opaca viarum. See on I. 422. — 634. Corripiunt medium. Cf. V. 316. - 635. Corpus=aqua; as was customary on entering a temple. Recenti aqua; emphatic, like flumine vivo, II. 719. — 637. Murere == offering. Divae; Proserpina. -638. Locos. See on I. 365.638. Vireta = green retreats. 639. Fortunatorum; i.e in which the happy dwell.-640. Largior -purpureo here the other clothes the fields more expansively (i. e. than in the glooray regions of Tartarus) and with a dazzling light. Largior is a predicato, auri s30 is coupled with lumine durpureo, both qualifying kt C¿tremus galeaque ima, V. 498 —

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