Sir J. Maitland - Ravelrig, afterwards 1786. William Nairne - Dunsinnan. earl of Lauderdale,

1837. John Cunninghame - Cunninghame.

1839. Sir John A. Murray. - Murray. 1840. James Ivory Ivory.

1842. Alexander Wood-Wood.

1843. Patrick Robertson-Robertson.

1850. Thomas Maitland - Dundrennan.
1851. Andrew Rutherford - Rutherford.
Duncan M'Neill - Colonsay.

John Cowan - Cowan.

THE LORD ADVOCATE OF SCOTLAND.

THE Lord Advocate is the same, in regard to functions, in Scotland, as the AttorneyGeneral is in England. His business is to pursue and defend in all causes wherein the king has an interest. His office is very honourable, and he is, in virtue of it, styled Lord. The power and privileges of the Lord Advocate are very great; among the latter, he is allowed to sit within the bar of the court of session covered, where only the peers of the realm are allowed to sit. He can issue warrants for searching, apprehending, and imprisoning, in any part of Scotland; and his warrants are as valid as those of any judge. And as it was decided in the parliament of Paris in 1685, that the king's advocate might at the same time be a judge, so in like manner was it allowed in Scotland; and both sir William Oliphant and sir John Nesbit were Lords Advocate and Lords of Session at the same time.

1775. Henry Dundas, afterwards viscount Melville.

1783. Hon. Henry Erskine.

1784. Ilay Campbell; baronet in 1808.

1789. Robert Dundas, of Arniston; son of the 2nd, grandson of the 1st Robert.

1801. Charles Hope, of Granton.

1595. Sir Thomas Hamilton, afterwards earl of 1804. Sir James Montgomery, bart.

1806. Hon. Henry Erskine, again.
1807. Archibald Colquhoun.
1816. Alexander Maconochie.
1819. Sir William Rae, bart.
1830. Francis Jeffrey.

1834. John-Archibald Murray.

Sir William Rae, bart., again.

1835. John-Archibald Murray, again.
1839. Andrew Rutherfurd.

1841. Sir William Rae, bart., third time.

1842. Duncan M'Neill.

1846. Andrew Rutherfurd, again.

1851. James Moncreiff, April 8. The PRESENT Lord Advocate.

SOLICITORS-GENERAL OF SCOTLAND.

1775. Alexander Murray, of Henderland. 1783. Ilay Campbell, of Succoth.

1789. Robert Blair, of Avonton.

1806. John Clerk, of Eldin.

1807. David Boyle, of Shewalton.
1811. David Monypenny, of Pitmilly.

POSTMASTERS-GENERAL OF SCOTLAND.

(From a Return made to the House of Commons, dated July 2, 1844.) 1737. Archibald Douglas was in office this | 1802. Robert Trotter, of Castlelaw.

ROLL OF THE LORD HIGH COMMISSIONERS APPOINTED TO REPRESENT THE SOVEREIGN IN THE GENERAL ASSEMBLIES OF THE KIRK OF SCOTLAND.

1638. James, marquess (afterwards duke) of 1724. James, earl of Finlater and Seafield.

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THE LORD PROVOST OF EDINBURGH.

THE municipal affairs of the city of Edinburgh are administered by a corporation called the Town Council, consisting of thirty-three persons. These are the Lord Provost, four bailies, a dean of guild, a treasurer, an old provost, four old bailies, an old dean of guild, an old treasurer, three merchant councillors, two trades councillors, six ordinary council deacons, and eight extraordinary council deacons. The members of the town council are in part elected by those of the fourteen incorporations, and they partly choose their own successors. The Lord Provost is high sheriff, coroner, and admiral within the city and liberties, and within the town, harbour, and port of Leith : he has also jurisdiction in capital cases; he is præses of the convention of royal boroughs, colonel of the trained bands, of the city guard, and captain of the gaol. Within the city he takes precedence of all the great officers of state and the nobility, walking at the right hand of the king, or of his majesty's commissioner; and has the privilege of having a sword and inace borne before him. The bailies have jurisdiction under the Provost; the dean of guild has the charge of the public buildings, and without his warrant no house can be erected within the city. All the magistrates are sheriff's depute and justices of the peace.

1830. William Allan, continued.

1831. John Learmouth.

1832. John Learmouth, continued.
1833. James Spittal.

1834. James Spittal, continued.
1835. James Spittal, continued.
1836. James Spittal, continued.

1791. James Stirling, afterwards bart., continued. 1837. James Forrest, afterwards bart.

ARCHBISHOPS AND BISHOPS OF SCOTLAND.

To present an exact account of the Bishops of Scotland is next to impossible. Almost all the authors who mention them, differ from each other so much that correctness is extremely difficult to be arrived at. This, however, is the less to be wondered at, when it is considered that the country, for many centuries after the establishment of Christianity, was desolated with intestine broils and by foreign invasions; and in the midst of a rude and barbarous people, it cannot be supposed that religious houses were regarded as sacred by the stronger party, when revenge or plunder suited their inclination or schemes. The records of most of the religious fraternities in Scotland, were, at different times, either destroyed or carried off; so that a catalogue of its Bishops can only be ascertained, partially, from charters they had granted, or been witnesses to; even the public archives give but a feeble assistance for some centuries after the establishment of prelacies. In Scotland there were two Archbishoprics, St. Andrew's and Glasgow; and twelve Bishoprics, Aberdeen, Argyll, Brechin, Caithness, Dunblane, Dunkeld, Edinburgh (erected into a see so late as 1633, by Charles I.), Galloway, the Isles, Moray, Orkney, and Ross. Although Glasgow was made archiepiscopal, St. Andrew's was always accounted the metropolitan see; and, before it arrived at the dignity of an Archbishopric, resisted, with great spirit, the attempts of the Archbishops of York in England to become the metropolitans of Scotland. The sees of Argyll, Galloway, and the Isles, were suffragans to Glasgow; all the others to St. Andrew's.

THE SEE OF ST. ANDREW'S.

THE legendary tale of the transporting some relics of the apostle St. Andrew from the city of Patræ, in Achaia, is recorded by all the ancient Scottish historians; and we may be expected, therefore, to transcribe it here, as, according to them, it was not only the means of founding this see, but of introducing Christianity into Scotland:

"Regulus, a Greek monk, living at Patræ (by whom the relics of St. Andrew the apostle were preserved and kept), about the year 370, was warned by a vision in the night (three nights before the emperor Constantius came to the city for the purpose of translating these relics to Constantinople), to go to the shrine in which the relics were kept, and take therefrom the arm-bone, three fingers of the right hand, a tooth, and one of the caps of the apostle's knees, which he should carefully preserve, and carry with him to a region towards the west, situated in the utmost parts of the world. Regulus, at first troubled with the strangeness of the vision, after a little time, resolved to obey. So, putting the relics in a small box, he went to sea, taking carpenters with him, Damianus, a presbyter, Gelasius, and Cubaculus, two deacons, eight hermits, and three devout virgins. After long storms the vessel was driven into the bay near the place where St. Andrew's now stands, and was there totally wrecked upon a rock; but Regulus and his companions were all brought safe ashore, having saved only the relics."

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Hergustus, king of the Picts, (in whose dominions the shire of Fife, and all the low country of Scotland, then was,) came to visit them in the place where they had settled (now St. Andrew's), then a forest for wild boars, and called Muckross. The king changed the name to Kilrimont, the King's Mount, and gave to Regulus and his company all the land of that forest, and erected a church, which was afterwards dedicated to St. Rule or Regulus, and continues standing to this day."

Abernethy, in Perthshire, was the metropolis of the kingdom of the Picts. The collegiate church there was dedicated to St. Bridget, or Bryde, who died about 523. Kenneth III., having conquered the Picts, translated the see from Abernethy, and called it St. Andrew's, and the bishop was styled Maximus Scotorum Episcopus. It was erected into an Archbishopric in 1470, by the pope.

This diocese contained the greater part of the shire of Fife, with a part of Perth,