ing in its supernatural majesty. But what shall compare with the Muir glacier when the moonlight is upon it, and all the phosphorescence of the Pacific Ocean beats in billows of liquid flame against its toppling, crumbling walls? when lunar rainbows are tossed in air against the mounting columns of foam that are shivered into spray by the plung ing mountains of ice? In the everlasting tumult, and whirl, and crash of explosions which seem to split the glacier itself from front to mountain source, when nothing at all takes definite shape upon the ghostly interchange of lights and shades, one can imagine only the revels of chaos and the scroll rolled back to the genesis of creation.

DR. HAYES' RETURN TO BOSTON.

The summer of 1861 was passed by Dr. Hayes in the conduct of explorations and surveys in the immediate vicinity of Port Foulke, Hartstene Bay, which Capt. NARES characterizes as the best winter station on the North coast of Greenland. The Eskimos, to the number of 80, joined the party, living in snow-houses about the harbor, and hunting the walrus and the seal. On the 14th of July, the schooner, freed from the ice, sailed from her winter harbor, and reached the west coast, en route for home. Entering Whale Sound, Hayes delineated the shore line of that inlet, which he named Inglefield Gulf, out of respect to the navigator who first penetrated its waters. He continued down the coast, from Whale Sound, and obtained dredgings from the various points visited, plants from several localities, skins and skeletons of the different mammals, skins of many of the Arctic birds, and also skulls of Eskimos. Over 200 reindeer were captured by his hunters. Varieties of walrus and seal were found in abundance. Continuing southward, he surveyed the Eastern coast of North Baffin Bay, from Cape Alexander to Granville Bay, for a distance of 600 miles, and the western side for a distance of 1300 miles. He then entered Melville Bay, bored through the "pack" for 150 miles, to the southern water, and reached Upernavik, Aug. 14, and Disco, Island, Sept. 1. The voyage from Godhaven southward was boisterous, and at Halifax the_ship_put into port for repairs. Leaving Halifax Oct. 14, Dr. Hayes

arrived with his ship at Boston Oct. 23d, 1861, after an absence of 15 months and 13 days.—He visited Greenland a third time in 1869, in the steam yacht "Panther." His narrative of this visit was published under the title, "The Land of Desolation." Again his wonder was excited by the mighty glaciers and icebergs, and the sites of the colonies of the old Northmen which he visited. The "Panther" sailed a thousand miles along the Greenland coast, penetrated the ice packs of Melville Bay, and then returned home. Dr. Hayes died in 1871.

ARCTIC VOYAGES AND DISCOVERIES OF DR. CHARLES F. HALL.

WHALE-SHIP

DR. HALL'S FIRST EXPEDITION IN THE "GEORGE HENRY," OWNED BY WILLIAMS & HAVEN, FROM NEW LONDON CONN., MAY 29, 1860. — His SECOND EXPEDITION IN THE WHALER 66 MONTICELLO," CAPTAIN E. A. CHAPEL FROM NEW LONDON, JULY 1, 1864.-TRACES OF FRANKLIN'S MEN.-HALL'S THIRD OR NORTH POLAR EXPDEITION, UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, IN THE STEAMER "POLARIS," FROM NEW LONDON, JULY 3, 1871.

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Shortly after DR. HAYES left Boston for his Arctic cruise, CAPT. CHARLES F. HALL, accompanied by the Eskimo Kud-la-go, who had come to the United States during the previous autumn in the whaler George Henry," left New London, Conn., for his first Arctic voyage. He was given a free passage to Northumberland Inlet in the whaling barque "George Henry," owned by Williams & Haven, of New London. His outfit consisted of a boat 28 feet long; beam, 7 feet; depth, 29 1-2 inches. He also took a sledge, 1200 lbs. of pemmican and meat biscuit, some ammunition and a few nautical instruments and thermometers. The ship sailed from New London May 29, 1860, but did not arrive in Hol steinborg, Southern Greenland, until July 7. Before entering the harbor, in lat. 63° N., Captain Hall's fellowvoyager, Kud-la-go, died. After remaining here 17 days the barque sailed for Northumberland Inlet, where she anchored at Ookooleen, or Cornelius Grinnell Bay, Aug. 8.

The ship encountered at sea heavy snow-storms and icebergs, one of which appeared to Hall's fancy as "the ruins of a lofty dome," then, "as an elephant with two large circular towers on his back, and Corinthian spires springing out boldly from the broken mountains on which he had placed his feet." Again, it was "like a lighthouse on the top of the piled-up rocks, white as the driven snow," especially when the sun, after being wrapped in clouds for nearly a week, burst forth in all his splendor, "bathing with a flood of fire this towering iceberg lighthouse." Many natives visited the barque, and among them was the wife of Kud-la-go, who shed bitter tears for her husband's death, and was deeply affected by a sight of the treasures which he had gathered in the States, for her and his little child.

Aug. 16, the whalers sailed for a harbor on the west coast of Davis Strait, to which Hall gave the name of Cyrus W. Field Bay. On the opposite side of the bay, he saw some traces of the landings of the expedition under Sir Martin Frobisher, 300 years before. Here he lost his boat in a furious gale which wrecked the whaler "Rescue," and dashed the "Georgiana" on the lee shore, and was obliged to confine his explorations within comparatively narrow limits.

It had been Hall's purpose, when he set out on this expedition, to learn the language of the natives, to conform to their habits of life so far as would be necessary to harden him for the rigors of Arctic weather, to live among them, gain their friendship, and awaken their interest in the fate of Franklin's men. He thus hoped to accomplish his purpose of rescuing those who might still be alive. But his westward journeyings were prevented by the loss of his boat, and he confined his attention to a study of the people, to observations of natural phenomena, and to the location of the settlements attempted in the sixteenth century (1556-1559), by Frobisher.-During the winter the ice was solid around the ship, Jan. 5, 1861, the temperature was 60° below the freezing point, but not uncomfortable. Between Jan. 10, 1861, and May, 1862, Hall made several journeys on dog sledges, guided by "Joe," his wife "Hannah," and another Innuit woman.

His researches were interesting, but shed no further light on the geography of the Polar regions. See "Arctic Researches," C. F. Hall, Harper Bros., 1865. We quote from this volume the natives' mode of building an "igloo," or house of ice and snow:-" They first sounded or 'prospected' the snow with their seal-spears to find the most suitable for that purpose. Then, one commenced sawing out snow-blocks, using a hand-saw, an implement now in great demand among the Innuits for that purpose; the blocks having been cut from the space the igloo was to occupy, the other Innuit proceeded to lay the foundation tier, which consisted of seventeen blocks, each three feet long, 18 inches wide, and 6 inches thick. Then commenced the spiraling, allowing each tier to fall in, domeshaped, till the whole was completed, and the key-stone of the dome or arch dropped into its place, the builders being within during the operation. When the igloo was finished, two Innuits were walled in; then a square opening was cut at the rear of the dwelling, and through this Smith and I passed some snow-blocks, which we had sawed out. These Sharkey and Koojesse chipped or minced with their snow-knives, while Tu-nuk-der-lien and Jennie trod the fragments into a hard bed of snow, form ing the couch or the dais of the igloo. This done, the women quickly erected on the right and left the firestands, and soon had fires blazing, and snow melting with which to slake our thirst. Then the usual shrubs, kept for that purpose, were evenly spread on the snow of the bed-place over which was laid the canvas of my tent; and over all were spread tuktoo furs forming the bed. When the work had been thus far advanced, the main door was cut out of the crystal white wall, and the walrus meat and others were passed in. Then both openings were sealed up, and all within were made happy in the enjoyment of com forts that would hardly be dreamed of by those at home." The Innuits are such tremendous gormandizers, that Hall exclaims: "What monstrous stomachs these Eski mos have!" The quantity (of whale meat) taken on one day seemed enough for many. Before this whale had been brought alongside the "George Henry," they had eaten twenty square feet of the raw skin!"