constraint, had extended. Hinman dropped his hand, the blood gushed over his face, the veins on his forehead swelled with suppressed rage, and a dusky glow broke from his eyes:-yet he did not for a moment lose the affected softness of his manner;—he lingered awhile in the room, and then departed, with out addressing Blair.

'Yes,' replied Blair, but I certainly did not expect to meet him in the house of my mother's brother.

His father is our nearest and best neighbor;—but do you know aught of his character. which should prevent us from receiving him as a visitor!

Nothing from personal observation, but he is said to have swindled his partner out of a considerable amount, and his character is generally suspicious.'

and the word is still pronounced by the Se-a line of 300 fathoms (1800 feet) without necas, Oniaagarah, being strongly accentuated striking the bottom! Compared with its suron the third syllable, while the interjection O face, this is the deepest of the great lakes. It is so feebly uttered, that without a nice atten- was called by the French Frontinac, from their tion it may escape notice.' McKinnen says, governor general of Canada; and by the some of the Cayuga chiefs informed me that Iroquois, Skanadario, a very pretty lake.' the true name (perhaps in their language) isThis, says Bouchette, is the last or lowest Ochniagara, an old compound word, signifying of those vast inland seas of fresh water that are the wonder and admiration of the world.' It was no doubt formerly about 200 feet higher than it is at the present time; and its waters were then propably discharged into the ocean through the Hudson, or perhaps the Susquehannah, instead of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. From Ontario, the St. Lawrence wends its way to the ocean, through the thousand Islands, the Lakes St. Francis, St. Louis and St. Peter; and many splendid rapids, and other objects of interest, occur in its course, which cannot here be even referred to.

You have met that young man before, it a large neck of water.' He also says it has would seem,' observed Mr. Suthgate, as Hin-been called Lagara. Spafford says, it signifies man left the room. across a neck or strait.' Knox says, it is called by the savages Ochniagara or Oghniogara, and by our abbreviation, Niagara. On Creuxio's map of 1600, it is spelled Cngiara. In order to form an accurate idea of the Falls of Niagara, we must trace back to their source the waters which are precipitated over them. The Niagara Strait is only a part of the great river St. Lawrence, which has its origin about 1250 miles north-west of the Falls. The St. Louis is probably the most It is mentioned above, that Niagara Strait, distant source of this mighty river; and or Niagara river, as it is generally called, 'I feared as much,' said Mr. Suthgate, that rises about 155 miles N. W. of Lake has a descent of 334 feet. The rapidity of thoughtfully. Yet for his father's sake, we Superior, at an elevation of about 1200 feet the current is almost as variable as the breadth cannot change our conduct with regard to above the level of the sea. In its course to and depth of the river. At the rapids oppohim; but take a seat, Harry, and tell us Lake Superior it descends 551 feet; that lake site to Black Rock, the velocity is probably ́ ́how you happened to drop in upon us so sud-being 641 feet above tide water, 500 miles by not less than from six to eight miles an hour; denly.' SQ in mean length and breadth, 900 feet in but below that, to the Rapids immediately Indeed, I can hardly inform you, uncle.mean depth, and 1200 at greatest depth.above the Falls, the stream slips quietly along, From lake Superior, the river descends and its current is not more than from two through the Strait of St. Mary, a distance of to four miles. At the Rapids above the Falls, 60 miles, about 45 feet, to Lakes Huron and the velocity is astonishingly increased; and Michigan, the former of which is about 200 below the Falls, to Lewiston aud Queensmiles by 95 in its mean length and breadth,ton, it is amazingly rapid, the water rushing, the latter 300 miles by 50 in mean length and in some places, with inconceiveable fury; but from Lewiston and Queenston, to Lake Lake Superior, and their level is 596 feet above Ontario, it becomes navigable, and the current the sea. From Lake Huron, the river descends averages, perhaps, about two miles an hour. about 31 feet to Lake Eric, through the Strait The descent of 334 feet occurs mostly within and Lake of St. Clair, and Detroit river, a the 7 or 8 miles above Lewiston and Queensdistance of about 90 miles. Lake Erie is theton. The descent from Lake Erie, to Black most shallow of all the great lakes, being only Rock, is about six feet and thence to within The Falls of Niagara. 120 feet in mean depth, and 300 feet in great-half a mile of the Falls, about ten feet. In NAME which calls up so many interesting est depth. Its mean length and breadth is the half mile immediately above the Falls, associations; and awakens so many pleasing 230 by 35 miles, and its level is 565 feet above reminiscences! The stupendous monument || the sea. This lake may be regarded as the of the Creator's power in the natural world; ⚫ the diapason of fresh waters ;' a most interesting object to the curious, the lover of nature, the philosopher and the Christian; a spot, where man and all his works shrink into insignificance; and whence

I had finished my studies, and you being my
nearest relative, now that my parents are gone,
I took it into my head to visit your little farm,
and talk over old times with my sweet cousin
here—and now, with your permission, I will
partake of the cold chicken she has provided
so expeditiously;'-and, without further cer-breadth. Each is about the same depth with
emony, he scated himself by the tray of
refreshments, which Grace had just brought
in, and to which, it must be admitted, he did
all reasonable justice.

[Toe Continued.]

'The war of waters, from the headless height,'

great central reservoir from which open, in
all directions, the most extensive channels
of inland navigation to be found in the world;
enabling vessels of the lake to traverse the
whole interior of the country, to visit the
Atlantic at the north, or in the south, and
collect the products, the luxuries and wealth

is heard many miles around;-this soul-ab-of every clime and country.' The Niagara
sorbing object is situated between lakes Erie
and Ontario; and the strait of this name
forms a part of the boundary line between
New-York and Canada. The name is an
Indian appellation, which has been spelled
many different ways, and its pronunciation
has been equally diversified-its signification,
also, is variously given by different authors.
Schoolcraft asserts, that it is an Iroquois
word, said to signify the thunder of waters;

Strait conducts the waters of Lake Erie
to Lake Ontario; and in its winding, is about
37 miles in length; the direct distance be-
tween the two lakes being about 25 miles, and
the descent, 334 feet. Lake Ontario is in
mean length and breadth 180 by 30 miles;
and in its mean depth about 300 feet. Its
greatest depth is stated at 534 feet; but
Bouchette says, that attempts have been
made to find soundings in the middle with

the descent is 58 feet, to the Crescent or Horse-Shoe Fall, which is 154 feet in perpendicular descent. From the Falls to Lewiston and Queenston, the descent is 104 feet, and thence to Lake Ontario, two feet, in all 534 feet. Above the Falls, the banks of the river vary in heighth, from 5 to 100 feet; but below, to Queenston, the stream flows between perpendicular banks, from, 170 to 370 feet high. As the bed of the river descends, the banks are said gradually to rise: though, as the perpendicular height of the upper bank at Table Rock to the water is 158 feet and the river descends 104 feet from the Falls to Queenston, making in all, 441 feet, and the heights at Queenston are only 370 feet above the water there, it would seem that such a rise in the banks does not take place. In its course, the Niagara embraces forty Islands some of which are exceeding inter

esting though many of them are small, loweral laws of all projectiles and descends in a above the Falls. A sight of the Rapids proand swampy. I shall make mention of but parabolic curve. Its color is not the same duced by this descent, would of itself be worth two, Grand Island, is the largest of these, in every part; but is beautifully diversified. a long journey, even if there were no other and is the most valuable. It is 9 or 10 miles being snowy white, amber, brown, yellowish. objects of interest in the vicinity. They can in length, and its greatest width is 63. It blueish, and green of various shades; and at be seen from the main shore on both sides, has been rendered celebrated by the contem-the central part of Crescent Fall, where the and also from Goat Island; but decidedly the plated foundation, in 1825, of the Jewish water is deepest, its color is a most beautiful most splendid view of them is from the Cancity, Ararat, by Major Noah, of New-York- emerald green. The color varies, too, at dif-ada shore, above Swayzey's Island. Here the site of which is now occupied by White-ferent times. After a very heavy rain, or you may see the 'the bounding billows' tossing Haven. Goat Island is situated at the verge high wind, the waters above the Falls be- 10, 20, and even 30 feet high, and dancing, of the Falls, and forms the division between come discolored and dirty from the impurities foaming, and dashing from one declivity to them. It is about half a mile long, and a brought into the stream by the creeks on its another with inconceiveable rapidity, changing quarter broad, and contains 62 acres. Hav-margin; but these impurities add to the the water into spray and foam, and presenting taken this brief preliminary view of the beauty of the Falls, unless the water is so ing a most magnificent appearance. waters of the St. Lawrence, and the natural extensively discolored, as to deprive it of ONWARD-OVER!-are the only words features of the Niagara, we come now to the its green appearance, which I have sometimes that can convey the impression arising from center of all the attractions of this region of observed to be the case. the sight of the Rapids above and the Fall many wonders-THE FALLS; for this, par The water falls in so great a body, and from below. They appear to be words spoken by excellence, is their appropriate cognomen, such an immense height, that much of it is the ETERNAL, when the hurrying and splashthere being no others like them in the world, converted into spray, long before it reachesing, and foaming scene of the Rapids commennone that can dispute with them the claim to the bottom; and clouds of mist are continually || ced, and when their waters first made their pitch this characteristic and appropriate title.-rising, often to a very great height. So high into the awful profound! The impelling manThey are alone in their kind. Though a indeed, that it may sometimes be seen at the date has never been for a moment disobeyed, water-fall, this is not to be compared with distance of 50 miles; and of course may be and it is yet onward!' and over!' and will other water-falls; in its majesty, its supre- observed at the same time by spectators who be till the same voice shall speak, and alter macy, and its influence upon the soul of man, are 100 miles distant from each other! This the arrangement. Many thrilling incidents its brotherhood is with the living ocean and great body of water, too, falling with such have occurred among these Rapids. Birds the eternal hills.' There is nought like thee! prodigious force, is changed at the bottom and other animals have frequently been drawn thou art alone!' I have already mentioned into a white foam, and has the appearance of into the current, and precipitated over the the position of the Falls when speaking of a mighty river of cream. It is not till it has Falls; and some instances of the loss of the strait in which they are situated. They been carried some distance down the stream,|| human life have occurred, from a similar are about 25 miles from Lake Erie, and 14 that it regains its green color. It is exceed-cause. Nothing that values its life dares from Ontario, in a straight line. As alreadyingly interesting to watch the various phenom- venture it there. The waters refuse the mentioned, the river at the Falls makes a ena of this foam and mist: to trace the ap-burden of man and of man's works.'

parent boiling of the immense cauldron of
milk below, and the ascending clouds of vapor
above; and the various currents and counter-
currents, flowing with great impetuosity, in
all directions. The laboring stream seems in-
wardly convulsed, heaving and throbbing in dark
and bubbling whirlpools, as if it threatened
every moment to eject some of the mystic ter-
rors of the deep. This effect is probably produ-
ced by the re-action of the ascending waters.
Precipitated in such a great body, and to such
an extraordinary depth, by their own prodigious
gravity, and the force of their impulsion and
involving with them a great quantity of fixed
air, they re-ascend to the surface in a strug-
gling career, checked by the weight of the su-
perincumbent water. The immense depth
from which they ascend, causes the moving of
the whole mass of water in the basin;

very abrupt turn, and runs almost in a right
angle with its former course; and at the same
time it is suddenly contracted from about a
mile, to one-eighth of a mile in width. Goat Is
lond is at the verge, and divides the Falls into
two great sections; while a smaller islet called
Prospect Island, also on the verge, divides the
smaller of these two sections in two parts,
so that there are three distinct Falls. That
next to the New-York shore, and the most
northerly of the three, is called the Schlosser
Fall, and is about 56 rods in width, 167 feet
in perpendicular descent. Prospect Island,
adjoining, is about 10 yards in width, and
the smaller, or Central Fall, is also about 10
yards. Goat Island is about 80 rods in width
at the edge, and the Great Crescent or Horse-
Shoe Fall, which extends from Goat Island
to the Canada Shore, is about a quarter of a
mile in a direct line, or about half a mile fol-
lowing the line of the curve. This latter has
a perpendicular descent of 154 feet; but The quantity of water precipitated over the
owing to its being 13 feet less than the Falls has been estimated by President Dwight,
Schlosser Fall, a much greater body of water at 102,093,750 tons, and by Darby, at 1,672,-
passes over it; and it is to its inferior height ||704,000 cubit feet, per hour; and by Picken,
that its much greater magnitude is owing. at 113,510,000 gallons, or 18,824,000 cubit
The water when projected over the Falls does feet per minute.
not descend perpendicularly; but owing to

And their earth-shaking roar comes deadened up
Like subterranean thunders.'

THE RAPIDS. It has been already obserthe immence velocity which it has acquired, ved that the river makes a rapid descent of before reaching the edge, it follows the gen-about 58 feet, in the half mile immediately

MISCELLANY.

The Spirit of the Night. As the sun was withdrawing her light from one hemisphere, the guardian spirits of man followed its course, as they were wont, that they might visit every land in turn.

But two who had been among the abodes of men all the day, lingered, unwilling, to leave those to whom they had ministered,

To the one had been committed the urn which held the waters of bitterness, and he was called Wo. His young sister was named Peace; and in her hand was placed the lyre whose music was of heaven.

There are some,' said Wo, who will not be ready to hearken to thee to morrow, my sister, if I leave them already.'

There are also some, my brother, whom I have not soothed to deep repose. Oh! that we might tarry awhile!'

We may not tarry, for there is need of us afar. Yet one thing may we do. Let us give of our power to another, that she may minister till we return.'

So they called upon Conscience, and charged her to descend with the shadows of night, and to visit the abodes of men. The angel of Wo gave her of the waters of his urn, and

music, while they knew not that I was at hand;
and others have I startled with visions, who
guessed not whence they came. I am filled
with awe at mine own power.'

It shall increase,' said the elder spirit,
while mine own waneth. The fountain of
bitter waters wasteth continually, When it
shall be dried up I will break mine urn.'

And my lyre,' said his sister, shall it not be hushed by mightier music from on high ?' Nay my sister, not then, nor ever. No mightier music shall make men cease to love thine. They shall gather together to hear thee in their cities, and shall seek thee in the wilderness and by the sea shore. The aged shall hear thee chaunt among the tombs, and the young shall dance unto thy lay. Unto the simple shall thy melodies breathe from amidst the flowers of the meadows; and the wise shall they entrance as they go to and fro among the stars.'

whatever, but their own head and hands; and in no city is this fact more strikingly verified than in Boston. On the other hand, if you make a list of those who fail in business from year to year, and learn their history, you will find that a very large proportion of their number relied on inheritances, credit, or some kind of foreign aid in early life; and not a few began very young.-Young Man's Guide.

PHILOSOPHY AT FIVE YEARS OF AGE.-Little

G- —, when playing the other day, on a pile of wood, fell down and hurt himself. As he lay crying very bitterly, one of his friends passing by lifted him up, and patting him on the head, said to him- Come my little boy, don't cry; it will be all well to-morrow.'— Well,' said he, sobbing, then I will not cry to-morrow.'

Letters Containing Remittances, Received at this Office, ending Wednesday last, deducting the amount of Postage paid.

M. T. Detroit, Mich. $1,00; G. A. P. Columbia, S. C. $1,00; P. M. Hinesburg, Vt. $1,00; E. G P. Ballston Spa, ton, N. Y.$0,84; C. W. A. Pontia e, Mich. $5,00; H. M. B. Hinsdale, Ms. $1,00; W. O. F. Northampton, N. Y. $2,00.

MARRIED,

In this city, on the 25th ult. by the Rev. Mr. Whittaker,

Then the messenger sighed, saying, 'when shall these things be?' When thou art queen among men. Know-NY.$1,00; P. M. Ver Bank, N. Y. $6.00; J. M'K. Livingest thou not that such is thy destiny? Thou art now our messenger, but we shall at length be thy servants. Yea, when yonder sun shall wander away into the depths, and the earth shall melt like the morning cloud, it shall be thine to lead the myriads of thy people to the threshold whence the armies of heaven come forth. It shall be thine to open to them the portals, which I may not pass.'-Miss Martineau.

When the evening star appeared, I descended among the shadows, where I heard a voice calling me from afar. It come from a space were raging fires were kindled by the hands of priests. Night hovered above, but the flames forbade her approach, and I could not abide longer beneath her wings. He who appealed unto me stood chained amidst the fires which already preyed upon him. I swept the strings of the lyre, and smiles overspread his face. Even while the melody waxed sweeter, the dark eyed spirit of the tombs Commencing Business too Early. came and bore him off asleep.'

6

'I have been,' said the messenger, beside the couch of the dying, in the palace, and beneath the lowly roof. I have shed into one departing soul the burning tears of the slave, and soothed the spirits of another with the voices of the grateful hearts. I have made the chambers of one rich man echo with the|| cries of the oppressed, and surrounded the pillow of another with the fatherless who call him parent. Kings have sought to hide themselves as I drew nigh, while the eye of the mourner hath lighted up at my approach. The slumbers of some have I hallowed with

Mr. George Simpson to Miss Catharine M'Cann.

In Chatham, on the 24th ult. by Rev. J. Berger, Mr. Barton Huested, Jr. to Miss Harriet Eliza Pulver, both of Chatham.

In Spencertown, on the 28th ult by the Rev. P. S Wynkoop. Mr. U. L. Davis, to Miss Mary R. Skiff, both of Spencertown.

Harvey Dakm to Miss Elizabeth Snyder, both of Chatham.

At Claverack, on the 30th ult. by the Rev R. Sluyter, Mr.

At Claverack, on the 1st inst. by the same, Mr. Tobias Van Deusen, to Miss Lucretia Race, all of Claverack.

DIED,

In this city, on Monday evening, the 5th inst. Miss Eliza Hathaway, daughter of the late Capt. John Hathaway, in the 44th year of her age.

It is due to the memory of the deceased to say that she

LET one thousand young men at the age of 30 years, enter into business with a given amount ot capital, all acquired by their own possessed a strong mind, a vivid imagination, and a benevhard earnings, and let them pursue their bu-olent heart. In the death of Miss Hathaway the Universiness 30 years faithfully; that is till they are 60 years of age, Let one thousand more commence at the age of 20, with three times the amount of capital possessed by the former,

salist Church in this city has lost a worthy member, society one of its brightest ornaments, and the domestic circle one of its most agrecable companious.

Suffice it to say that she was respected by all who knew

her, and her virtues will be long remembered by those wbo had the pleasure of her acquaintance.

anticipated that the disease with which she was afflicted, In the commencement of her sickness, it was fondly would ultimately yield to the superior efficacy and well raised again to her wonted health and strength. But He directed efforts of medical skill; and that she would be in whose hands are the issues of life and of death, had wisely determined to take her to himself.

During her protracted illness, which she bore with christian fortitude, she discovered no signs of impatience, but was perfectly resigned to the will of God; and when the

moment of her dissolution arrived, there was no pang, no agonizing convulsion; but she breathed out her soul of mortality, to where the wicked cease from troubling, and where the weary are at rest.'

but at the same time either inherited or
loaned by their friends, and let them pursue
their calling till they are 60 years of age, or a
period of 40 years. We will suppose the
natural talents, capacity for doing business,
and outgoes-in fact, every thing, the same
in both cases. Now it requires no gift of in peace, and calmly passed away from the entanglements
prophesy to foretell with certainly, that at
60 years of age, a far greater proportion of
the one thousand who began at 30 and depend-
ed solely upon their own exertions, will be
men of wealth, than those who began at 20
with three times their capital.

The reason of these results are found in the very nature of things. But I am sustained by facts. Go into any city in the United States, and learn the history of the men who are engaged in active and profitable business, and are thriving in the world, and my word for it, you will find the far greater part began life with nothing, and have had no resources

The deceased has left an aged mother and four sisters to deplore her loss, but they sorrow not as those who have no hope, but are supported by the cheering reflection that though they have been parted on earth, they shall be united in heaven.

May God in infinite wisdom sanctify this bereavement to the good of every branch of the family, and may they hear the still small voice of God in this dispensation of his providence saying to each of them Be still and know that I am God.'

Hope looks beyond the bounds of time,
When what we now deplore

Shall rise in full immortal prime,

And bloom to fade no more."

W. W.

On the 10th inst. Robert C. Anable, son of Henry

unle, in the 21st year of his age.

On the 28th ult. Jacob Daniel, son of Mr. Noah A. and

Mrs. Margaret Spaulding, aged 8 years,

On the 5th inst. Mr. Henry L. Amigh, aged 34 years
On the 27th ult. Mr. James Bostwick, aged77 years.
In Troy, on the 25th ult. Mrs. Lucretia Rogers, wife of
David C. Rogers, in the 36th year of her age.