POLITICAL RETROSPECT. PARLIAMENT.-The Chancellor of the Exchequer, in his speech on opening the Budget, states an expected increase of income on the present year of 800,000l. over the past, arising principally from the custom-house and excise duties, in the latter of which there was a considerable defalcation last year; whilst he calculates also on a diminished expenditure of three millions. This sum he purposes devoting to the Sinking Fund of the present year, instead of issuing Exchequer Bills for that purpose; a plan he deems it advisable to discontinue, as productive of more injury than benefit to the real interests of the nation. The Sinking Fund will therefore in future be confined to the surplus revenue; a change in our financial measures, which is certainly dictated by the soundest policy. The election for the county of Clare has concluded in the return of Mr. O'Connell, and it only remains for him to take the prescribed oaths; without doing which he cannot exercise any of the functions of a member within the House; he himself has declared publicly, that he considers himself entitled to sit, speak, and vote, without incurring any penalty whatever, inasmuch as the Act excluding Catholics was passed before the Union, and cannot, therefore, operate on a united Parliament. Whether this argument will be received as a good one, when the subject is brought before the House, we cannot now venture to determine; if it is, the question of Catholic emancipation has been so long agitated to no purpose, since all disabilities must have been equally removed at the union of the two kingdoms. AGRICULTURE. We regret to state, that in consequence of the heavy and repeated rains which have fallen throughout the country during the past month, the hay harvest has suffered very severely, especially in the northern counties, where the grass is necessarily cut much later than in the neighbourhood of the metropolis. The different species of corn are at present at a very critical period of their growth, and cannot fail to be much affected by the continued heavy rains, which, accompanied as they were by boisterous winds, have beaten perfectly flat almost every field of wheat that was thickly planted, and renders it but too probable that they must suffer very extensive injury; whilst in many parts of Lancashire the crops of potatoes have sustained considerable damage. THE PENINSULA.-The King and Queen of Spain are still in the northern provinces. They are expected to return to Madrid about the middle of August. In Portugal, we have to announce the termination of that movement which we reported in our last, from which we had anticipated very beneficial results. The body of Constitutionalists which had advanced from Oporto, for the purpose of restoring the authority of Don Pedro in Lisbon, had reached Coimbra, where, for some reasons which have not been satisfactorily explained, they halted; the delay that followed gave Don Miguel time to employ his agents (and almost every priest in Portugal was of that description) to excite a contrary spirit among the people in their rear, and by creating opposition to surround them with difficulties. Whilst he was thus proceeding with the army by land, he blockaded the harbour of Oporto with some ships of war; a circumstance which was sure to create divisions among the inhabitants. His troops in the mean time pressed hard upon those of Don Pedro, who, finding their strength daily diminishing, their retreat northward intercepted, and the force opposed to them in every direction, too powerful to encounter, retired towards Spain, which they were permitted to enter to the number of nearly five thousand men, having previously laid down their arms. Don Miguel's troops thus released from the presence of the Constitutionalists, moved upon Oporto, which they entered on the 3d of July, and were received by the inhabitants with great apparent rejoicings. During these transactions in the provinces, a number of Don Miguel's creatures have been assembled in Lisbon, as the three estates of the realm of Portugal, and to them have been submitted resolutions, the general tenor of which was, that Don Pedro had forfeited the throne of Portugal by becoming Emperor of the Brazils, and that Don Miguel was, by hereditary right, King of Portugal. These measures were passed by acclamation, agreed to by the usurper, and his acceptance notified to the mock estates, who then addressed him, supplicating this unworthy scion of royalty to take steps for an early marriage, that his loyal people may not suffer from the want of heirs to succeed him on the throne. At the termination of this farce, all the foreign ministers withdrew from Lisbon. RUSSIA AND TURKEY.-The Russian army has crossed the Danube on three points. Brailow has capitulated after a very sanguinary assault, in which the Turks defended themselves with great bravery, and repulsed their assailants with considerable loss. They were, however, compelled to send envoys to ask an armistice of ten days; promising, that the place should be surren dered, if not relieved by the expiration of that time. The Grand Duke refused to allow them a longer truce than twenty-four hours, which they accepted; and, at the close of which period, the fortress was delivered up. The fortress of Malchin has also been taken by the Russians. Meantime the Sultan continues busily engaged in organizing his troops and making every preparation for war; he has not yet left Constantinople, which city remains perfectly tranquil. It is calculated that he can lead an army of between 70 and 80,000 men to the banks of the Danube, after leaving efficient garrisons in his capital and the frontier fortresses, and keeping the Greeks in check. The Reis Effendi has delivered to the Minister for the Netherlands letters inviting the return of the French and English Ambassadors to the Porte. What motive can have prompted this request it appears difficult to determine, unless it is to pave the way for negociations on the Greek question. ECCLESIASTICAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW CHURCH. HOLLOWAY.-The new Church of St. John, Holloway, in the Parish of Islington, has been consecrated by the Lord Bishop of London, and opened for Divine Service. WEST INDIES. Abstract of a Report of the state of the Parishes and Churches in the West India Islands, with the number of Schools, and the Scholars who receive religious instruction in each: The Duke of Clarence. Mast. of Northampton Gram. Sch. Corporation of Northampton. Preb. in Coll. Ch. of Westm. Middlesex London The King. V. of Docking, Kenderchurch, P. C. Wroxeter, V. St. Mary, Leicester, V. to Mudford, V. } Norfolk Norwich Bishop of Norwich. Somerset Bath&W. E. B. Portman, Esq. in Cath.C. of Salis. Bishop of Salisbury. to Preb. of Min. Pars Alt. in C. C. of with Gunton, R. Earl of Radnor, {Bishop of Salisbury. R. of Middleton. Norfolk Norwich Lord Suffield. in C. C. of Wells Norw. Bp. of Bath & Wells Esq. Suffolk and Wordwell, R. { R. of Moresby, and Earl of Lonsdale. At Lambeth Palace, on the 21st of July, in the seventy-fourth year of his age, the Right Honourable and Most Reverend CHARLES MANNERS SUTTON, D. D. Lord ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY, Primate of all England, and Metropolitan. His Grace was educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge. He took the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in the year 1777; and in 1791 he was appointed to the Deanery of Peterborough. In the following year he was consecrated to the See of Norwich, with which he held the Deanery of Windsor; and on the death of Dr. Moore, in 1805, he was placed over the Province of Canterbury. On the last day of Act Term, the nomination of the Rev. J. L. Richards, Fellow of Exeter College, to be a Public Examiner in Literis Humanioribus, was unanimously agreed to. Mr. Edward Arthur Dayman, Commoner of Exeter College, has been elected Fellow of that Society. Mr. Francis Forster, B. A. (Founder's kin) and the Rev. William Harding, M. A. have been admitted Actual Fellows, and Mr. Thomas William Allies, (of the county of Somerset,) Scholar, of Wadham College. Mr. Francis Povah and Mr. Charles Edward Birch have been admitted Actual Fellows and Mr. William Wellwood Stoddart, Mr. Richard Wood, and Mr. Edward Alston, of Merchant Tailors' School, Scholars, of St. John's College. Mr. John Estridge, Post-Master of Merton College, and Mr. Borrett, have been elected Demies of Magdalen College; the Rev. H. Jenkins, B. D. Richard Dunford, M. A. and R. Price Morrell, B. A. Actual Fellows; and the Rev. Roger Bird, M. A. a Probationary Fellow, of the same Society. Degrees conferred. DOCTOR IN DIVINITY. Rev. William Fawssett, Magdalen Hall, grand compounder. BACHELOR IN DIVINITY. Rev. George Proctor, Worcester College. MASTERS OF ARTS. James, Edward Winterbottom, St. John's, grand compounder. John Smalman Masters, Jesus Coll. MARRIED. At St. Pancras Church, the Rev. John Watts, Fellow and Tutor of University College, and Rector of Tarrant Gunville, Dorsetshire, to Anne, eldest daughter of the late Germain Lavie, Esq. of Hampstead. At Northaw, Herts, the Rev. John Egerton, M. A. Fellow of New College, to Ellen, daughter of Thomas Gould, Esq. of Northaw Place, Herts. |