Eng., L.R.C.P., Lond., D.P.H., Brisbane ; A. C. F. HALFORD, M. D. Melb., Brisbane ; T. MAILLER KENDALL, L.R.C.P. & S. Edin., Sydney; J. V. MCCREERY, L.R. C.S. Irel., Melbourne.

Secretaries: W. W. GIBLIN, M.R.C.S. Eng., Macquarie-street. Hobart; J. T. WILSON, M.B. Eng., Cameron-street, Launceston,

SECTION VI-ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOLOGY (INCLUDING BACTE RIOLOGY), AND PHARMACOLOGY. President: J. H. Scott, M D, C.M., Professor of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Otago, N.Z.

Vice-Presidents: SYDNEY JAMIESON, B.A. Syd., M.B, M.Ch. Edin., Sydney; EDWARD JENNINGS, M.R.CS. Eng., L.R.C.P. Lond., Christchurch. N.Z.; J. ATKIN WHEELER, M.B. Lond., M.R.C.S. Eng., Toowong, Queensland; W. R. CAVENAGH MAINWARING, M.B., B.Ch., Adelaide, S.A.; W. P. SEED, M.R.C.S. Eng., L.R.C.P. Lond., Coolgardie, W.A.

Secretaries: E. T. MACGOWAN, M.B. Melb., General Hospital, Hobart; J. RAMSAY, M.B. Melb., General Hospital, Launceston.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.

THE PRESIDENT; TREASURER; GENERAL SECRETARY; C. E. BARNARD, M.D.; A. H. CLARKE, M.R.C.S. Eng.; E. L. CROWTHER, M.D.; E. J. CROUCH, M.R.C.S. Eng.; F. J. DRAKE, M. B.; W. W. GIBLIN, M.R.C.S. Eng.; E. W. J. IRELAND, M B.; D. H. E. LINES, M.B.; E. T. MACGOWAN, M.B.; R. G. SCOTT, M.B.; C. C. WALCH, M.B.; J. E. WOLFHAGEN, M.B.

District Members of Executive Committee. GEO. M. ANDERSON, M.B., Franklin; G. E. BUTLER, M.R.C.S. Eng., Zeehan; G. E. CLEMONS, M.D., Launceston; G. H. HOGG, M.D., Launceston; C. JOYCE, M.B., Beaconsfield W. G. MADDOX, M R.C.S. Eng, Launceston; J. MCCALL, M.B, Ulverston; W. H. MACFARLANE, M.D., New Norfolk; CHAS. PARKER, M.B., Launceston; C. J. PIKE, M.B., Launceston; J. RAMSAY, M.B., Hospital, Launceston. Local Secretaries. -South Australia: J. B. GUNSON, M.B Adel., Angas-street, Adelaide. Victoria: GEO. ADLINGTON SYME, M. B. Melb.; F.R.C.S. Eng., 82 Collins-street East, Melbourne.

New South Wales: PHILIP ED. MUSKETT, L.R C.P. & S. Edin., 143 Elizabethstreet, Sydney. New Zealand: PROFESSOR JOHN H. SCOTT, M.D. Edin., The University of Otago, Dunedin. West Australia: ATHELSTAN J. H. SAW, M.D. Camb., St. George's Terrace, Perth. Queensland: WILTON LOVE, M.B. Edin., Wickham Terrace, Brisbane.

Proceedings of Congress.

ON Monday, February 17th, the Congress will meet at the Town Hall, Hobart, at 11 a.m., to transact business, and at 8.30 p.m. His Excellency the Governor will open Congress. The President, Hon. G. H. Butler, will also welcome members, but owing to the death of the late President, already alluded to, and the limited time at his disposal before meeting of Congress, the customary Presidential Inaugural Address will not be delivered.

Besides the ordinary work of the Sections, two evenings will be devoted to the general discussion on Cancer. The discussion, which will be opened by Professor H. B. Allen, Melbourne University, promises to be one of the most important and interesting features of the Congress.

second evening, a motion will be moved, that It is expected that, if time permits on the the time is opportune to form an Australasian Medical Association with a permanent Council, in lieu of the present Intercolonial Medical Congress of Australasia.

After obtaining the opinions of the various medical societies, the committee decided it would be extremely difficult to frame a constitution for such an association that would meet with the approval of even a majority of them. Probably after the subject has been ventilated, Congress may take further steps if thought desirable.

As important discussions are to take place in the Public Health Section on Quarantine, Plague, etc., the Mayors of the capital cities of the Australian States have been asked to send their medical officers of health, and it is anticipated that a large number of public health experts will be present.

At the request of the committee, the Premier of Tasmania has invited the other State Governments to send representatives, and already some of the States have appointed their delegates.

The work of the Sectional Secretaries will be materially assisted if members will forward short abstracts of their papers before the last week in January, and also provide the secretaries with a type-written copy of their papers, when Congress meets, for purposes of publication. Members intending to be present at the Congress are requested to inform the General Secretary to that effect at their earliest convenience, and should apply at once to the local secretary for their membership tickets.

Members on arrival in Hobart are requested to sign the roll at the Town Hall, and to state whether they are accompanied by a lady.

issue certificates.

The Tasmanian Government has promised half-fares over all Government Railways to members and their wives. The production of Membership Ticket will be necessary to obtain the concession on Tasmanian Railways.

Steamship Reductions.-A.U.S.N. Co. grants 20 per cent. reduction on return fares for members and their wives. The Union S.S. Co. and Huddart Parker Co. will allow 10 per cent. reduction on return tickets. In order to secure these reductions it will be necessary for members to present their Congress tickets, countersigned by the Local Secretary of their State.

A glance at the programme of entertainments shows the desire of the committee, namely, that the social functions should not overshadow the scientific work of Congress.

It has been suggested that after the Congress is over a special trip round the north and northwest coast of Tasmania might meet with favour. Provided a sufficient number intimate their intention of taking the trip, a special train will leave Hobart on Monday, 24th February, allowing visitors time to see Launceston and suburbs. Stoppages will also be made at Longford, Deloraine, Devonport, Ulverstone, and Emu Bay, and every opportunity given to visitors to see the country.

Some members of the executive committee will accompany the party. The return fare will be about £1 10s. per head, and it is expected Hobart will be reached on Wednesday night or Thursday morning.

Those wishing to take this trip should notify the general secretary as soon as possible, so that suitable arrangements may be made for the reception of visitors at the various places

of call.

DAILY PROGRAMME.

SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 16TH.

11 a.m.-A Congress Sermon will be preached before members at St. David's Cathedral. Preacher Rev. Reginald Stephen, M.A., Sub-Warden, Trinity College, Melbourne.

7 p.m.-Special Service will be held in St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church, Bathurst Street. Preacher : Rev. James Scott, D.D.

IN 1642 Anthony Van Diemen, the Governor of Batavia, commissioned Abel Jans Tasman to undertake a voyage of exploration, with a view to making discoveries in the South Pacific. Commencing his voyage from Batavia, he eventually sighted the West Coast of Tasmania. Proceeding south, he again came in view of land, but the ships were driven out to sea by a gale. When the gale moderated they returned to a bay, which they named Storm Bay, and eventually came to an anchor in a small bay to the north of Storm Bay, which they named Frederick Hendrick. They then set sail again, afterwards reaching New Zealand, and apparently taking no further trouble about a discovery which more than anything else in the life of Tasman, has immortalised his memory.

The island was known as "Van Diemen's Land" for

more than two centuries after Tasman's discovery of it, when the name Tasmania was substituted.

In 1772, Captain Marion, who arrived from Mauritius in search of the southern continent, sailed into Storm Bay, but neither he, nor several other navigators who, during the following twenty years visited the island, discovered the Derwent.

Bass and Flinders, in 1798, were the first to sail through the Straits which separate the island from Australia, and which Flinders named after his companion. They also named the two mountain peaks that Tasman first sighted by the names of the two vessels in which his memorable voyage was taken, "Heemskirk" and "Zeehan."

The first settlement in Van Diemen's Land was made in 1803, when a party of convicts and military men, under Lieutenant Bowen, came from New South Wales and made an encampment at Risdon, on the eastern bank of the Derwent, and about four miles higher up the river than the present City of Hobart.

In 1804, the party under Lieutenant-Colonel Collins, who had made an unsuccessful attempt to colonize Port Phillip, started for the Derwent, and reached the settlement at Risdon, to find that it had been deserted by Bowen, and that the settlers who had remained there were almost in a state of starvation.

Lieutenant-Colonel Collins decided against Risdon 28 a permanent settlement, and laid out a site at the head of Sullivan Cove, naming it after Lord Hobart, then Secretary of State for the Colonies.

In 1810, when the population reached the total of 1310 persons, the Derwent Star was launched as a newspaper venture, but was discontinued after a few months. Four years after, the Van Diemen's Land Gazette was published, but only for four and a half months. The Hobart Town Gazette, a few years later, lived for nine years. At the present time fifteen newspapers-daily, weekly, and monthly-minister to the social, moral, and religious needs of Tasmania.

In 1804, the first settlement was made in the north of the island, at the west arm of the Tamar, which is now known as York Town. After a short stay, the opposite side of the river was selected in preference, and an encampment made at George Town, near Tamar Heads, but this was soon broken up, and the site of the present City of Launceston, at the junction of the rivers North and South Esk, was permanently fixed upon. In 1812 the two military settlements of the Derwent and Tamar were united under one administration, and Colonel Davey was appointed Lieutenant Governor of the whole island.

The celebrated naturalist, Charles Darwin, visited the colony in the Beagle on his voyage round the world. At the time of his visit, in 1836, the entire native population, then reduced to 210, had been removed to Flinders Island, "so that," he says, "Van Diemen's Land enjoys the great advantage of being free from a native population."

Wool was first exported in 1819, but it was then of little value.

In 1823, the Van Diemen's Land Bank was established; and about the same time the educational wants of the young in the colony were taken seriously in hand by the Government, a superintendent of schools appointed, and the way for a better and more perfect educational system made plain. During the years of Governor Arthur's administration, from 1824 to 1836, a large number of public and private schools were founded. In 1847, however, the Hutchins School, named after Archdeacon Hutchins, was built, a year before that Christ's College was opened near Longford, and the Launceston Church Grammar School was started in the northern city. Christ's College, after

some vicissitudes, was removed to Hobart, and conducted for some years as a scholastic institution with varying success, but is now closed. The High School was opened in 1850, on a beautiful site at the entrance to the Queen's Domain, and for many years supplied the educational wants of those who desired unsectarian instruction. On the retirement, a few years ago, of the Rev. R. D. Poulett-Harris, who had carried on the school since 1857, the committee of the High School made an arrangement with the council of Christ's College, by which the building was taken over for a boys' school in connection with the college. The experiment was not successful pecuniarily, and the fine building is now utilised for the Tasmanian University.

In 1858, a Council of Education was formed, which had at its disposal several exhibitions, as well as two Tasmanian scholarships, the holders of which received £200 a year for four years while pursuing their studies at an English University. The question of founding a Tasmanian University was discussed in Parliament, but it was not considered the right time for so extensive an undertaking. An annual examination was instituted in 1860 by the Council of Education for the degree of Associate of Arts.

Tasmania has now a University with three qualified professors, a Council, and a Senate.

Scientifically, Tasmania has progressed in an encouraging manner. Sir John Franklin, who became Governor in 1837, exhibited an amount of enthusiasm in scientific and educational pursuits which stimulated very considerably the intellectual life of the settlers. It was during his tenure of office that the French warships, "Zele" and "Astrolabe," called at Hobart with news of their discoveries in the Antartic regions, and an English expedition to the same regions, under Captains Ross and Crozier, started from and returned to the Derwent in the ships "Erebus" and "Terror." Dr. Joseph Hooker, who accompanied the expedition as botanist, used the opportunity to collect specimens of Tasmanian flora, and a large part of his descriptive account of the botany of the expedition is devoted to the flora of Tasmania, Mr. John Gould, collecting materials for his work Birds of Australia, also visited Tasmania, and included descriptions of Tasmanian species in his valuable works. Before the "Erebus" and "Terror" left Hobart, the commander, Sir James Ross, fitted up an observatory with the latest ani most valuable instruments for meteorological and other observations, which materially assisted the seientific work of the colony.

A scientific society, called at first the Philosophical, afterwards the Tasmanian Society, owed its birth to Sir John Franklin and a few scientific and literary members of the community. The meetings of the Tasmanian Society were held at Government House once a fortnight, under the presidency of Sir John Franklin, and papers on geology, natural history, meteorology, ethnology, and botany, contributed by various members, were published in a volume callad the Tasmanian Journal. Lady Franklin, who took a keen interest in natural history, built a museum on the Ancanthe Estate, about five miles from Hobart, where it may still be seen, though its exterior is rather obscured by the cowsheds that reposedly lean against its walls.

During the governorship of Sir Eardley Wilmot, the Royal Society grew out of the "Tasmanian," and continued to do the same useful work during the time of Sir W. T. Denison, who, in 1847, succeeded Sir Eardley Wilmot as Governor of Tasmania. As the Royal Society included horticulture in its objects, the Government made it a grant of the Botanical Gardens, which remained its property until 1885. The Society also started a museum and library.