EDUCATIONAL WORKS PUBLISHED BY FREDERIC NORGATE. A GRADUATED SERIES OF GERMAN READING BOOKS. Adapted for Schools and Private Tuition by DR. C. A. BUCHHEIM, Professor of German in King's College, London. (I.) EASY GERMAN READINGS. 1. NIEBUHR'S GRIECHISCHE HEROENGECHICHTEN. With Notes, Questions for Conversation, and complete Vocabulary. Twenty-fourth Edition. 12mo. cloth, 28. 6d. 2. GOETHE'S ITALIENISCHE REISE. (Sketches from Goethe's Travels in Italy.) With Introduction, Notes, and Vocabulary. Seventh Edition. 12mo. cloth, 2s. 6d. 8. SYBEL'S PRINZ EUGEN VON SAVOYEN. With Notes, &c. New Edition, thoroughly Revised and Im. proved. (1583.) 2s. 6d. "Dr Buchheim's notes give all the historical and geographical information needed."-Journal of Education. (II.) DEUTSCHES THEATER. (A Collection of Modern German Plays.) Price 18. (Large Folding Sheet), TABLES of DECLENSION of the GERMAN SUBSTANTIVE (according to Becker, to be used with every German Grammar. Arranged by A. VON BOHLEN. 12mo. 48. A PRACTICAL INTRODUCTION to DANISH or NORWEGIAN. To which are added Extracts from Danish and Norwegian Historians. With Explanatory Notes and a Vocabulary. By J. W. FRAEDERSDORFF. 12mo. cloth, 18. 6d. each, AHN'S PRACTICAL and EASY METHOD of LEARNING the FRENCH LANGUAGE. (NEVEU'S Edition.) FIRST COURSE. Tenth Edition. SECOND COURSE. Sixth Edition. Fourteenth Edition, 12mo. cloth, 18. 6d. BUCHHEIM'S FRENCH READER. Selections in Prose and Poetry, with Notes and complete Vocabulary. Fourth Edition, Revised and Enlarge), 38. 6d. LETTERS and CONVERSATIONS, for the Use of English Students, to facilitate the practice of Translating from English into French. With Notes by G. A. NEVEU.-KEY to the same, 38. 6d. 12mo. cloth, 58. Part I-Contents: 1. EIGENSINN. 2. DICHTER UND PAGE A PRACTICAL GUIDE to the STUDY of 3. DER HAUSSPION. With Notes and Vocabulary. Edition. 12mo. cloth, 28. 6d. Ninth Part II-Contents: 1. DER PROZESS. 2. EIN THEURER SPASS. 3. LIST UND PHLEGMA. With Notes and Vocabulary. Fourth Edition. 12mo. cloth, 28. 6d. Parts I, and II. together in 1 vol. 48. 6d. Part III.-Contents: DER GEHEIME AGENT. In Five Acts. By HACKLANDER With Notes. Second Edition. 12mo. cloth, 28. 6d. (III.) SCHILLER'S NEFFE ALS ONKEL. With Introduction, Notes, and Vocabulary. Eleventh Edition. 12mo. cloth, 18. 6d. Crown 8vo. 48. 6d. the ITALIAN LANGUAGE. By A. BIAGGI, late Professor of Italian in Queen's College, London. New and thoroughly Revised Edition, 12mo. cloth, 58. BIAGGI'S PROSATORI ITALIANI. Ex tracts from Italian Prose Writers (from the Thirteenth Century to the Present Time). Preceded by a selection of Easy Sentences, with Notes for Beginners. Twelfth Edition, 12mo. cloth, 38. MARIOTTI'S ITALIAN GRAMMAR. Re vised and Improved by A. GAL ENGA, late Italian Professor at King's College, London.-A KEY to the Exercises, 12mo. sewed, ls. Price 58. erown 8vo. cloth, (IV.) HUMBOLDT'S NATUR- UND REISE- I POETI ITALIANI MODERNI. Extracts BILDER. Abridged from his "Reise in die Equinoctial-Gegenden des neuen Continents" (Personal Narrative of Travel, &c.), and "Ansichten der Natur." With Notes, Scientific Glossary, and Biographical Notice of the Author. "Ranks far above the ordinary run of educational books....The notes and scientific glossary are written with great care and lucidity." Public Opinion. "We cordially recommend the book to schoolmasters in search of an from Modern Italian Poets (from Alfieri to the Present Time'. With Notes and Biographical Notices by LOUISA A. MERIVALE. "The notes give the reader all the assistance which he can require. They prove, too, that the authoress possesses not only an accurate acquaintance with the Italian language, but critical powers of no common order.”—Educational Times. Third Edition, 8vo. cloth, 38. 6d. entertaining and improving reading-book for the middle or higher EURIPIDIS ION. With Explanatory Notes, forms."-Academy. Fourth Edition, 12mo. cloth, 28. 6d. SCHILLER'S WILHELM TELL. In German, with English Vocabulary, by T. MATTHAY. Second Edition, 8vo. cloth, 58. SCHILLER'S WILHELM TELL (Hamiltonian System). With an Interlinear Translation, Notes, Introduction (on the Greek Metres, &c), and Questions for Examination, by CHARLES BADHAM, D.D. Price 38. 6d. 8vo. cloth, The PROMETHEUS VINCTUS of ÆSCHY. LUS. Edited from the Text of Dindorf, with English Notes, by the Rev. J. S. WATSON, M. A. Tenth Edition, 12mo. cloth, 38. 6d. and an Introduction containing the Elements of Grammar, by L. IHNE'S LATIN SYNTAX. A Short Latin BRAUNFELS and A. C. WHITE. Fourth Edition, 12mo, cloth, 28. 6d. APEL'S GERMAN SCHOOL GRAMMAR, according to Dr. Becker's Views. With a Complete Course of Exercises.-KEY to the Exercises, 12mo. cloth, 38. Syntax, with Exercises and Vocabulary, by Dr. W. IHNE. Crown 8vo. 78. 6d. The ODES of PINDAR. Translated into English Prose, with Notes and a Preliminary Dissertation, by F. A. PALEY, M.A. London: F. NORGATE, 7, King Street, Covent Garden, W.C. Printed by JOHN C. FRANCIS, Athenæum Press, Took's Court, Chancery Lane, EC. and Published by the said B Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane. HOLLOWAY'S PILLS.-Any dyspeptic sufferer aware of the purifying, regulating, and gentle aperient powers of these Pills should permit no one to cloud his judgment or to warp his course. With a box of Holloway's Pills, and attention to its accompanying directions, he may feel thoroughly satisfied that he can safely and effectually release himself from his miseries without impairing his appetite or weakening his digestion. This most excellent medicine acts as a nervine and bodily tonic by aiding nutrition, and banishes a thousand annoying forms of nervous complaints. An occasional resort to Holloway's remedy will prove highly salutary to all persons, whether well or ill, whose digestion is slow or imperfect, a condition usually evidenced by weariness, languor, listlessness, and despondency. Price 68. PRICE FOURPENCE, Registered as a Newspaper. THE GENERAL INDEX To the FIFTH SERIES of NOTES AND QUERIES. Vols. I. to XII. 1874 to 1879. JOHN C. FRANCIS, 20, Wellington Street, Strand, FURNISH YOUR HOUSE OR APARTMENTS MOEDER'S THROUGHOUT ON HIRE SYSTEM. The Original, Best, and Most Liberal. CASH PRICES. NO EXTRA CHARGE FOR TIME GIVEN. F. MOEDER, 248, 249, 250, Tottenham Court Road, ESTABLISHED 1862. Every SATURDAY, of any Bookseller or News-agent, Price THREEPENCE. THE ATHENÆUM JOURNAL OF ENGLISH and FOREIGN LITERATURE, SCIENCE, the FINE ARTS, MUSIC, and the DRAMA. THE ATHENÆUM CONTAINS REVIEWS of every important New Book, English and Foreign, and of every new English Novel. REPORTS of the LEARNED SOCIETIES. AUTHENTIC ACCOUNTS of Scientific Voyages and Expeditions. CRITICISMS on Art, Music, and the Drama. FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE on subjects relating to Literature, Science, and Art. BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES of Distinguished Men. ORIGINAL POEMS and PAPERS. MR. WHITAKER'S PUBLICATIONS. PREPARING FOR PUBLICATION. LIVES of the SAINTS. By the Rev. S. BARING-GOULD, M.A. A New Edition, with several Vol. XVI. will contain a COMPLETE INDEX. EMBLEMS of SAINTS. By which they are Distinguished in Works of Art. By the late Very Rev. F. C. HUSENBETH, D.D. A New Edition, with numerous Corrections and Additions, by the Rev. AU GUSTUS JESSOPP, D.D. Forming the Seventeenth and Last Volume of Mr. Baring-Gould's "Lives of the Saints." The UNCANONICAL and APO CRYPHAL SCRIPTURES. Being the Additions to the Old Testament Canon which were included in the Ancient Greek and Latin Versions; the English Text of the Authorized Version, together with the Additional Matter found in the Vulgate and other Ancient Versions; Introductions to the several Books and Fragments; Marginal Notes and References; and a General Introduction to the Apocrypha. By the Rev. W. R. CHURTON, B. D., Fellow of King's College, Cambridge, Canon of the Cathedral of St. Alban's, and Examining Chaplain of the Bishop. Large post 8vo. pp. 608, cloth, 78. 6d. Very large type, demy 8vo. cloth, 10. 6d. Praise, and Prayer adapted to the Course of the Christian It may also be had in imperial 32mo. cloth, 35.; Persian roan, 4s. 6d. ; morocco, 68. Royal 24mo. cloth, 3s. 6d. ¡ Foolscap 8vo, cloth, 4s, 6d. ; Persian roan, 68.; morocco, 9s.; and in several other sizes, WEEKLY GOSSIP on Literature, Science, the Fine morocco, 6s. 6d. Arts, Music, and the Drama. LONDON, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1885. CONTENT S.-N° 301. NOTES:-Tansy, 261-Mottoes and Inscriptions, 262-Shakspeariana, 263-Fourteenth Century Lease, 264-Warren with the cakes. These tansy cakes were well flavoured with tansy leaves (Tanacetum vulgare, or T. balsamita, generally called "costmary "), and old herbalists observe that "Tansy leaves are not unpleasant to the taste, and are good for the Stomach, on account of discussing the Flatulencies Hastings-Bibliography of Warwickshire, 265-Fruit Folk lore-A Correction-Keats's Father-English Players at cession in Britain, 266. After the Reformation the use of tansy became far less general; the commemoration of the Passover was forgotten, and the medical value of bitter herbs after Easter was also set aside; but eating tansy cakes still continued, in a somewhat changed form. The same feeling which had formerly prompted pilgrims to "boil their peas now induced good housewives to try and make the Easter tansy cakes and puddings more agreeable to the taste; this led them to diminish the Remarks on u and v, 272—"School for Scandal "-S. Wil-proportion of tansy leaves, and finally to leave QUERIES:-Keats, 266-Lym, &c.-Garencières-Dr. R. Clay, liams-" Beauty is skin-deep"-" Ebrietatis Encomium "- Steele." Notices to Correspondents, &c. Notes. In Mr. Austin Dobson's attractive little volume entitled Selections from Steele there are many notes which are at the same time instructive and suggestive. As the space at his disposal was necessarily very limited, it was of course impossible for him to go much into detail, and one is tempted to supplement many of his notes. Perhaps, as his book is in part designed as an educational study and to lead to further reading, it is well that this should be so. I will take as an example the word tansy. In the Spectator, No. 113, July 10, 1711, when Sir Roger is bewailing his disappointment in love, he speaks of dining in public with the perverse widow, and says: "She helped me to some Tansy in the eye of all the Gentlemen in the Country......She has certainly the finest hand of any woman in the World." Mr. Dobson notes that this was a popular seventeenth century dish, and refers to The True Gentlewoman's Delight of 1676 for instructions how to make it. The custom of eating tansy pudding and tansy cake at Easter is of very ancient origin, and was no doubt to be traced to the Jewish custom of eating cakes made with bitter herbs (Numbers ix. 11); but to take from it any Jewish character, at a very early date it became the custom to eat pork or bacon them out altogther. Dr. Venner, of Bath, in his Via Recta ad Vitam Longam, 1638, points to this when he says: Many do confusedly use to give only unto them a delightful green colour, besides the juyce of Tansie, the juyce of other hearbs, perhaps altogether unwholesome, or at least-wise unfit for the purpose." In The Truc Gentlewoman's Delight, 1653, there is a good receipt to make a "tansie," the ingredients being eggs, sugar, cream, sack, a little sweet butter, and some juice of spinnage or primrose leaves to make it green; and then frie it very tender." Here there was nothing left of the tansy save the name, and this fairly serves to introduce the remarks of William Coles in his Adam in Eden; or, Nature's Paradise, 1657:— 66 "I think the Stomach of those that eat them late are so squeamish, that they put little or none of it into them, having altogether forgotten the reason of their originall, which was to purge away from the Stomach and guts the Phlegme engendered by eating of Fish in the Lent season, when Lent was kept stricter than it now is." от After the Restoration several cookery books were published, and in these there are many receipts for tansies, some including a little tansy juice, together with that of green wheat, featherfew, parsley, pears, &c.; and some without tansy altogether, but all flavoured with ginger, vinegar, oranges, almonds, or spice, and occasionally, for use in Lent, with fish-spawn added. It is plain that towards the end of Charles II.'s reign the word tansie or tansy simply meant a custard pancake indifferently, and that tansy leaves or juice was not a necessary ingredient. Thrs, in The Accomplisht Lady's Delight, 1677, nere is an elaborate receipt to make a Tansey of Cowslips" and also " a common Tansey," in neither of which is there any tansy. But the "Tansy" which Steele speaks of was one of a later century, and to know exactly what it was we must refer to the cookery books of Queen Anne's time. In T. Hall's Queen's Royal Cookery, 66 which has a portrait of her Majesty in the frontispiece, there is a receipt "to make a most excellent Tansie." The ingredients are cream, a little spinage, and a small handful of "Tanzey" beaten up and strained into the cream, eggs, two nutmegs grated, a little salt, and sugar enough; "then butter a pudding pan very well, and put it in, and bake it in an oven as hot as for a Custard; and serve it with a garnish." After the death of Queen Anne a new kind of tangy was introduced, and in R. Smith's Court Cookery, 1725, there are yet more elaborate receipts, and they are ordered to be cooked in a saucepan over an open fire of wood or charcoal; in all these Naples biscuit was an essential ingredient. The fashions in cookery changed from reign to reign, like those in dress; but with Hall's receipt we can clearly know what kind of tansy it was that poor Sir Roger had in 1711. EDWARD SOLLY. A. J. C. has in his possession a plate with a more curious inscription than any of these, as some part of it has hitherto baffled the attempts at deciphering of all who have seen it. What can be read is (on one side), "Beisitz Heinrich Bolt von San Gallen. Altgesell. Jacob Zelweger von Meiningen "; on the other, "Brot. Wein," and the date "15 Denzo Deceme 85" (probably December 10, 1585, just three hundred years ago), and "Solli Deo gloria" (sic). He adds: “There are also some curious symbolic figures resembling the ancient Assyrian representations of the tree of life." In the collection recently dispersed under the hammer at Hôtel Druot of art treasures belonging to the La Beraudière family is a bronze doorknocker, formed of a lion's head surrounded with the inscription "Knock, and it shall be opened; seek," &c., in German. From a well localized collection of house inscriptions in Tirol by Zingerle, also sent me by A. J. C., I extract a few typical specimens. From Inzing : "Betrachte mich und das Meinige, Findest ohne Fehler dich, Dann Komm und verachte mich." Among many addressed to St. Florian, the protector against fire, under his image on a house at Tramin : That I gave in my first instalment of mottoes seems a favourite in a great variety of forms; also this, from Baumkirchen: "Dies Haus gehört nicht mein' Der nach mir kommt, auch nicht sein', Man trug auch den Dritten hinaus Ach Gott, wem gehört dieses Haus!" This is from a smithy in the Stanserthal:- "Ein Traum ist Alles bier auf Erden." From a house in the Unterianthal :"Das Beste ist in dieser Welt Dass das Sterben kost't kein Gelt." The following occurs in many places :"Gott lieben macht selig. Wein trinken macht fröhlich |