of vegetable extracts, in evaporating diabetic urine, &c. the last portion of water is expelled with most difficulty, and the last stage of the process seems most injurious to the product. If small quantities of rectified spirit be added occasionally, this stage is shortened, and less injury is sustained. The French chemists have, among other traits of their attention to economics, been laudably industrious in turning to the best account that prolific plant the POTATO; and, during a late sojourn in Paris, the writer collected the following particulars in regard to two very important uses of its roots and its tops. On the Distillation of Spirits of Wine (Alcohol) from Potatoes, -A French lady, the Countess de N***, whom political events compelled to change her chateau, on the banks of the Saone, for a cottage eight leagues from Vienna-has established, on the small farm she occupies, a distillation of brandy from potatoes; which she has found to be very lucrative. The brandy of twenty degrees of Reaumur is very pure, and has neither taste nor smell different from that produced by the distillation of grapes. The method she employs is very simple, and within every person's reach. Take 100lbs. of potatoes, well washed, dress them by steam, and let them be bruised to powder with a roller, &c. In the mean time; take 4lbs. of ground malt, steep it in luke-warm water, and then pour it into the fermenting back, and pour on it twelve quarts of boiling water; this water is stirred about, and the bruised pota toes thrown in, and well stirred about with wooden rakes, till every part of the potatoes is well saturated with the liquor. Immediately six or eight ounces of yeast is to be mixed with twenty-eight gallons of water, of a proper warmth to make the whole nrass of the temperature of from twelve to fifteen degrees of Reaumur; there is to be added half-a-pint to a pint of good brandy. The fermenting back must be placed in a room to be kept, by means of a stove, at a temperature of fifteen to eighteen degrees of Reaumur. The mixture must be left to remain at rest. The back must be large enough to suffer the mass to rise seven or eight inches, without running over. If, notwithstanding this precaution, it does so, a little must be taken out, and returned when it falls a little; the back is then covered again, and the fermentation is suffered to finish without touching it—which takes place generally in five or six days. This is known by its being perceived that the liquid is quite clear, and the potatoes fallen to the bottom of the back. The fluid is decanted, and the potatoes pressed dry. The distillation is by vapour, with a wooden or copper still, on the plan of Count Romford. The product of the first distillation is low wines. When the fermentation has been favourable, from every 100lbs. of potatoes, six quarts and upwards of good brandy, of twenty de grees of the areometer, are obtained; which, put into new casks, and 1 and afterwards browned with burnt sugar, like the French brandies,. is not to be distinguished from them. The Countess de N. has dressed and distilled per diem 1000lbs. of potatoes at twice, which gives sixty to seventy quarts of good · brandy. We may judge from this essay what would be the advantages of such an operation, if carried on on a grand scale, and throughout the year. The residue of the distillation is used as food for the stock of her farm; which consists of thirty-four horned cattle, sixty pigs, and sixty sheep; they all are excessively fond of it when mixed with water, and the cows yield abundance of milk. The sheep use about five quarts per diem each; viz. one half in the morning, and one. half at night. The malt must be fresh ground. The Countess has it ground every week. On the Means of Extracting Potass from Potato-tops.-One of the most important discoveries of the present day is that of a druggist of Amiens, by which Europe will be freed from the heavy tribute she pays to America for the article of potass. The author of this discovery has, in a truly patriotic manner, made known his discovery after ascertaining, by a series of experiments, the truth of his conclusions. The French Society of Agriculture, and the Society for Encouragement of National Industry, have both named commissioners to frame official reports. The following is an extract from the Newry Telegraph of the 27th ult." A labourer in the neighbourhood of Newry, was seized with the typhus fever, when in the employment of the Editor of this paper. Medical aid having been procured for him, he waş ordered to the hospital, whither he was immediately sent. The principal symptoms of his disease were a very rapid pulse, a burning skin, parched throat, and aching head. The man lay for a short time in the hospital; when, seized by some kind of sudden phrenzy, he sprang from his bed, and effected his escape, with no other covering upon him than his shirt. In this state of almost total nudity, he ran through the town and across the field to his own cabin, All efforts to induce him to return to the hospital proved vain. On the night after this extraordinary exploit, he took eight grains of calomel, which in a few hours were succeeded by a dose of Glauber's salts. In twenty-four hours more, the same medicines were repeated with good effect. But on the fourth day of the disease, the patient, the heat of whose skin was far above the proper temperament, rose of his own accord from his bed, and plunged into an old neglected fish-pond belonging to Mark Devlin, Esq. where he effectually cooled himself by sporting and gambling about like an otter, amidst weeds, water, and mud. The fever immediately left him, and in a few days he was perfectly able to follow his usual occupation. The cure of this man is to be clearly attributed to the air.bath, the water-bath, and the calomel." NO.225. 1 3 K Remarks Remarks on Worms found in the Human Body, their Origin, &c. by Dr. J. J. VIrey. The human species, as well as other animals, domestic ones in particular, are subject to nourish in their intestines and other organs several species of worms, on which we shall present a few reflexions. It has appeared, in fact, so difficult to many naturalists, as Goeze, Leclerc, Bloch, Pallas, &c. to explain their formation, that several have thought it necessary to recur to spontaneous generation. Rudolphii, whose treatise on Intestinal Worms is the most complete (Carol. Osmund Rudolphi Entozoorum sive Vermium Intestinalium, Histor. Natur. Paris, Amstel, &c. 1810, 3 vols. 8vo. plates), counts about fifteen species of worms which attack man. 1. Filaria medinensis, GM. RUDOLPH, which is found in the cellular tissue between the muscles: it has sometimes been seen in the eye. This worm rarely attacks persons except within the tropics. 2. Hemularia subcompressa, TREUTLER. This species is found in the conglobate and lymphatic glands, and in the bronchial ramifications of the lungs. 3. Trichocephalus dispar. RUD. Discovered first by Morgagni. Ascaris trichurea, LIN. Mastigodes, ZEDER. Found in the large intestines; also in monkeys. 4. Ascaris lumbricoides, LIN. previously described by Tyson, Redi, Valisnieri, &c. Found in the small intestines; also in the ox, the horse, the ass, and the pig. 5. Ascaris vermicularis, Lin. Keeps near the rectum and colon; passes sometimes into the genitals externally. 6. Distoma hepaticum, ABILGAARD and RUD. Fasciola hepa tica, LIN. MULLER, and BLOCH. Found in the gall-bladder, from whence it passes also into the intestines. 7. Polystoma pinguicola, ZEDER. Hexathyrdium p. TREUTLER. Yellowish worm, three-quarters of an inch long, found in the ovarium of women. 8. Polystoma venarum, ZEDER. Hexathyr, TREUTLER. Found in the tibial vein on bleeding the foot: this worm is doubtful, and imperfectly described. 9. Tania solium, LIN., AUDRY, CARLISH. Pretty common in the small intestines, where it sometimes grows to 30 or 40 yards long. 10. Tania lata. LIN., PALLAS, BLOCH, &c. &c. Very com mon in northern climates. 11. Cysticercus cellulosa, RUD. previously described by Male pighi as found in pigs; confirmed by Hartmann and Fabricius. Ab agea peudenti. Found in man between the muscles; sometimes in the brain, as in sheep, and in the different viscera; several kinds of monkeys are subject to it, but the pig particularly, which is attacked by the hydatis firma of Blumenbach. 12. Echinoccocus hominis, RUD. Polycephalus h. GOEZE, &c. Found by Mickel in the liver and other viscera. 13. Diceras rude ditrachyceras rudis, SALTZER. From the in testines, testines, enveloped in a loose membrane, with two hard horns on its head. 14. Strongylus giganteus, RUD. Found in the region of the loins, and the bladder. 15. The crinons, common in horses, rare in children, coming out of the back or breast. The comedones of the ancients have been compared to the filaria papillosa, RUD.; but Chabert thinks them a species of strongylus. Report published by the Russian Counsellor of State, LEWSHEIN, (author of several Works on Rural Economy,) on a new Remedy for the Hydrophobia. There lived in the village of Sorokoletowo, in the circle of Belewsky, government of Tula, an old soldier, who, I was told, had frequently cured men and animals who had been bitten by mad dogs. Having got some information on the subject, I learnt that he reduced into powder a root similar to an onion; and that, after having strewed it on a slice of bread and butter, he gave it to the patients to eat, and I was assured that they were always cured by it. I gave little credit to it, until an accident furnished me with a proof of its efficacy. One of my brother's hounds went mad, and bit the huntsman: the ordinary operation was performed to prevent the propagation of the virus, the wound healed, and we had no uneasiness on the subject; but in a few weeks all the symptoms of hydrophobia appeared, and we were obliged to confine the huntsman with great precaution. As there was no medical man in the neighbourhood, I advised the patient to be taken to the soldier. He administered two doses of his remedy, one in the evening, the other the next morning; and then said that the man might be unbound and taken home without any danger. The huntsman experienced great weakness, but he had no fits either of delirium or hydrophobia. In a few days he found himself perfectly cured, and he has now lived eighteen years without having a relapse. The soldier said that he learnt the remedy of a peasant of Archangel. The alisma plantago, or water plantain, is the one which this man made use of. It grows in water marshes, lakes, and stagnant muddy pools: the root resembles an onion, with thick fibres. This plant remains under water till the latter end of May or the beginning of June; when in flower it has a head like asparagus. It is in flower all the summer, and may be gathered at any time; but the best is at the end of August. The roots are well washed and cleaned, and dried in the shade; when dry, it is pulverised, and administered as above. Two or three doses have always been found sufficient to effect a cure, even after the hydrophobia is declared in the patient, whether it be men or animals, that have been bitten by mad dogs, in the cure of which even it has scarcely ever been known to fail. Indeed, during the twenty-five years that it has constantly been practised in the government of Tula, no instance of failure, in an immense number of cases, has been known. SIR JAMES EARLE was favoured with an euthanasia suited to the close of a tranquil life. Descended from an ancient and wealthy family, of which he was a younger son, he had all the advantages of a learned education, when, at a suitable age, he was apprenticed to Mr. Pott, at that time the most celebrated surgeon in Europe. Soon after the expiration of his apprenticeship, he was chosen assistant-surgeon to the principal hospital in the metropolis, married his master's daughter, and, before he was too much advanced in life to avail himself of such a distinction, became a senior surgeon to the same establishment. His publication of his father-in-law's works, and his improvement in the operation for the Hydrocele, are too well known to require further mention. He was so sensible of his approaching end as to send to one of his brethren of the College, in order to determine on the necessary arrangements concerning his office as Master, and his consequent duty as public orator for the Hunterian oration. Both these he was advised to resign, which he cheerfully did, and expired before the completion of the succeeding twenty-four hours. Dr. BERLIOZ has lately published a volume on the Good Effects of Evacuations [sanguineous] and Acupuncture in Chronic Diseases, from which we shall extract some remarks relative to the latter remedy. Acupuncture, as practised among the Chinese, consists in the introduction of a sharp needle of gold or silver to a certain depth on the part affected, where it is allowed to remain for four or five minutes. It is either pushed in slowly with the fingers, or driven in quickly by a small mallet. M. Berlioz prefers the former method. This author relates several cases where acupuncture has been serviceable; among others, is that of a young woman who had long been afflicted with a slow nervous fever, accompanied by obstinate pain in the stomach. A needle was pushed in at the pit of the stomach, so as to penetrate that organ, "L'epingle, dit-il, enforcée detoute sa longeur dans l'êpigastre, avoit certainement penetré jusqu'à l'estomac." A man was instantaneously cured of a convulsive cough by a similar process. According to Berlioz, the introduction of several needles is not more efficacious than that of one. The good effects certainly do not proceed from counter-irritation, since the introduction is frequently unaccompanied by any pain, and is then most successful. Dr. JOHNSON, author of the Influence of Tropical Climates on European Constitutions, &c., has just completed a condensed translation of Guilbert's new Work on Gout, which is a transcript of the celebrated article on that subject in the 19th volume of the Dictionnaire des Sciences Medicales, and forms a large Appendix to Dr. Johnson's work lately announced, and which will appear on the 1st of December, under the following title-The Influence of the Atmosphere, more especially the Atmosphere of the British Isles, on the |