of medicine. Only one member of the Montgomery board was in the city There was one vacancy in the board, and two other members were absenț on their summer vacations. Whereupon the young man went for examination before the Dallas county board, was passed, and settled in Montgomery. Here all was open and above board, and no blame attaches to anybody.

A few years ago the Calhoun county board began the examination of a doctor. They soon found out that he did not intend to practice in Calhoun county at all, but in Jefferson county. Whereupon the board declined to continue the examination, and told him if he wanted to practice in Birmingham he had better apply to the Jefferson county board. Here the Calhoun county board having begun the examination might, perhaps, just as well have gone on and finished it. They could have made it stringent enough to make the applicant feel that he had gained nothing by dodging. Still they are not greatly to be blamed for the course they pursued.

This present spring a doctor, after practicing for several months in Blount county in violation of the law, went to Cullman county for examination; apparently with the view of practicing in that county. But such was not his intention. He deliberately made a false statement in his application. Of course this could not be certainly known, and he was examined and passed. See Transactions for 1887, pp. 165-66.

CHAPTER IV.

THE PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEM.

SUMMARY OF CONTENTS:

The Health Laws of the State-The Chapter of Health Laws in the Civil Code-An Act to Regulate the Practice of Quarantine in Alabama-An Act to Amend the Quarantine Laws of the State-An Act for the Protection of the Travelling Public Against Accidents Caused by Color Blindness and Defective Vision-An Act for the Regulation of Pharmacy— An Act to Amend the Pharmacy Act— The Code of Ordinances for the Government of the Boards of Health-An Ordinance in Relation to the Committee of Public Health An Ordinance Creating a Health Officer for the State of Alubama-Quarantine Regulations— The New Quarantine Code-Rules for the Management of Diphtheria-Rules for the Management of Scarlet Fever-Rules for the Management of Typhoid Fever—Rules for the Management of Small Pox-Rules for the Management of Consumption-Observations on the Foregoing Rules-The Transportation of Dead Bodies-Disinfectants Recommended by the State Board-Rules of the State Board of Health under the Color Blind Law-Library and Museum-Commentaries and Explanations—Historical Sketch-The Administration of the Health Laws-The Supervision of the Public Health-The Duty of the County Medical Societies-The Duties of the Committee of Public Health-The Duty of the County Health Officer-The Duties of the Beat Officers-Reports-Instructions for the County Boards of Health—Address to the Courts of County Commissioners-Model of City Health Ordinance.

THE HEALTH LAWS OF THE STATE.

The health laws of the State of Alabama, are contained in Chapter 2, Title 13, Part I of the Alabama Code of 1886, and

in several acts of the general assembly subsequently passed. These laws are here subjoined in their proper order.

CHAPTER OF HEALTH LAWS IN THE CIVIL CODE.

PRESERVATION OF PUBLIC HEALTH; HOSPITALS; QUARANTINE;

VITAL STATISTICS.

§ 1260 (1504). Municipal and county authorities may establish hospitals.-The corporate authorities of any town or city, and the court of county commissioners, may establish within the town or city, or within the county, hospitals, temporary or permanent, for the reception of the sick or infirm, or of persons suspected to have infectious or contagious diseases, and may make all needful rules and regulations for the control and management thereof. The corporate authorities and the court of county commissioners may unite in the establisment of such hospitals, if deemed expedient, making them common for the use of the town or city and of the county, and in the making of rules and regulations for the control and management thereof.

§ 1261 (1505). Nuisances to health; strangers with contagious diseases. When a health officer makes complaint, on oath, that there is good cause of suspicion or belief, that there is on any lot, or in any house, or vessel within the town, city or county any cause of disease or infection, necessary to be destroyed or removed; or one or more persons, not in his own place of residence, infected with a dangerous, contagious disease, and that he has been refused admittance into such house, lot or vessel, the mayor or intendant, or a justice of the peace of the county in which such lot, house or vessel is may issue his warrant, directed to the sheriff, marshal, constable, or other lawful officer, requiring him to enter such house, lot or vessel, and under the direction of such health officer, to remove such infected person, or to remove or destroy the source of infection or disease.

§ 1262 (1506). Warrant, how executed; pay for nursing, etc.-To execute such warrant, any outer or inner door may be forced in the day time; and all expenses incurred in the execution thereof, and for maintaining, nursing and curing any

person removed therefrom, must be paid by such person, or by the owner of the house, lot, or vessel; or if such person or owner is a married woman, by her husband; if a minor, by his parent or guardian; and if not so paid, then by the town, city or county by which they were incurred; the person by whom such expenses should have been paid, being liable to such town, city or county for the amount thereof.

§ 1263 (1503). Quarantine ground; assent of county commissioners requisite, if without town limits.—Any town or city may establish a quarantine ground therefor, but if the place fixed upon for that purpose is without the limits of such town. or city, the assent of the court of county commissioners of the county in which such place is, must first be obtained.

§ 1264 (1508). Regulations.-The corporate authorities of a town or city may, from time to time, prescribe the quarantine to be observed by all vessels arriving within the harbor or vicinity thereof, and regulations therefor, not contrary to law.

§ 1265 (1509). Regulations extend to persons and goods arriving in, and going on board of vessel.-Such regulation may extend to all persons, goods and effects arriving in such vessel, and to all persons going on board of the same.

§ 1266 (1510). Vessels quarantined.—The health officer of a town, city or county may, under the direction of the corporate authorities, or of the court of county commissioners, cause any vessel arriving therein or in the vicinity, if the vessel or cargo is, in his opinion, so foul or infected as to endanger the public health, to be removed to the quarantine ground, or other proper place, to be purified.

§ 1267 (1511). Escapes from quarantine.-If any person ordered to remain in quarantine, escapes, any justice of the peace, on complaint thereof, on oath must issue his warrant to the sheriff, or to a constable, or other lawful officer, to arrest and deliver such person to the custody of the officers of the quarantine; and such person attempting to escape, may be forcibly detained at the place of quarantine by such officer.

§ 1288 (1512). Travelers by land from infected district may be compelled to remain in quarantine; breach; penalty. Any person coming into a town, city or county by land, from a place infected with a contagious disease, may be compelled

to perform quarantine by health officer, and restrained from traveling until discharged.

§ 1269 (1513). Expense of quarantine.—All expenses incurred by any town, or city, or county, on account of any person, vessel or goods, under quarantine regulations must be reimbursed by such person; or, in any case of a vessel, or goods, by the owner thereof; and the vessel or goods may be detained until such expenses are paid.

§ 1270. Bringing into, or removal within county, persons laboring under disease.-Persons laboring under pestilential, or infectious disease, must not be taken into a county, or being within the county must not be removed from place to place therein, except under such regulations as may be prescribed by the county board of health.

§ 1271. Bringing into or removal of within county, body of deceased person.-The body of a person who has died from a pestilential or infectious disease, must not be brought into a county, or being within the county, must not be removed from place to place therein, except under such regulations as may be prescribed by the county board of health.

§ 1272 (1515). Authority of court of county commissioners. The court of county commissioners is invested with the authority conferred upon them as to quarantine, and the establishment of hospitals for persons infected with contagious diseases; and may make such rules and regulations as are necessary to prevent the introduction or spread of contagious or infectious diseases, and to effect that purpose, may appoint such guards and superintendents as may be deemed necessary.

§ 1273. Authority of judge of probate.—The judge of probate, if he deem it necessary, and is supported in his opinion by the certificate of three respectable citizens of the county, one of whom is a licensed physician, has authority to appoint guards and superintendents, and to establish hospitals to prevent the introduction or spread of contagious diseases; and if he exercise the authority, must, as soon as practicable thereafter, convene the court of county commissioners, and such court may ratify, change, or disaffirm his acts.

§ 1274. Duty of health officer, or judge of probate of Escambia county.—It is the duty of the health officer or of the