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Mox et Leucatae nimbosa cacumina montis,
Et, formidatus nautis, aperitur Apollo.
Hunc petimus fessi, et parvae succedimus urbi.
Ancora de prora jacitur; stant litore puppes.

'Ergo, insperata tandem tellure potiti,
Lustramurque Jovi, votisque incendimus aras ;
Actiaque Iliacis celebramus litora ludis.
Exercent patrias oleo labente palaestras
Nudati socii. Juvat evasisse tot urbes
Argolicas, mediosque fugam tenuisse per hostes.
Interea magnum sol circumvolvitur annum,
Et glacialis hiems aquilonibus asperat undas.
Aere cavo clipeum, magni gestamen Abantis,
Postibus adversis figo, et rem carmine signo :
AENEAS HAEC DE DANAIS VICTORIBUS ARMA,
Linquere tum portus jubeo, et considere transtris :
Certatim socii feriunt mare, et aequora verrunt.
Protenus aërias Phaeacum abscondimus arces,
Litoraque Epiri legimus, portuque subimus
Chaonio, et celsam Buthroti accedimus urbem.

'Hic incredibilis rerum fama occupat aures,
Priamiden Helenum Graias regnare per urbes,

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275. Formidatus, on account of its rocks. Aperitur, is opened to our view as we approach;' just as, verse 291, abscondimus has the opposite meaning we pass, and lose sight of.' Apollo; that is, a temple of Apollo, situated on a dangerous headland, which rises near the town of Actium.-276. Parvae urbi, Actium.

279. The slaughter of the cattle of the Harpies required a purificatory sacrifice (lustramur), and that to Jupiter, who had been invoked to share the spoil. See verse 223.-280. The poet here designedly says litora Actia celebramus, &c., we celebrate with festivities those shores on which a change so fortunate for the destinies of Rome will be brought to pass. By this fiction, Virgil wishes to assign an ancient origin to the ludi Actiaci, an annual festival instituted by Augustus in commemoration of the battle of Actium.-281. Labente, which runs over the skin:' the wrestlers anointed themselves. 283. Argolicas. See A. 2, 55.-284. Magnum circumvolvitur annum, 'forms in its revolution a complete year.'-286. Abantis. There was a king of Argos, of the name of Abas, whose shield was famous in old traditions. According to Virgil, one of his descendants had been stripped of this shield by Aeneas.-289-718. The Sixth year of the wanderings of Aeneas.-291. Abscondimus. See note on verse 275.292. Legimus. See Ecl. 8, 6. Portu. See Ecl. 5, 29.

295. Helenus, a son of Priam, had been taken prisoner by Ulysses, and conveyed to Epirus by Pyrrhus, son of Achilles, the king of Epirus, who had married Andromache, Hector's widow. After the death of

Conjugio Aeacidae Pyrrhi sceptrisque potitum ;
Et patrio Andromachen iterum cessisse marito.
Obstupui: miroque incensum pectus amore,
Compellare virum, et casus cognoscere tantos.
Progredior portu, classes et litora linquens.
Sollemnes quum forte dapes, et tristia dona,
Ante urbem in luco, falsi Simoëntis ad undam,
Libabat cineri Andromache, Manesque vocabat
Hectoreum ad tumulum, viridi quem cespite inanem,
Et geminas, causam lacrimis, sacraverat aras.
Ut me conspexit venientem, et Troïa circum
Arma amens vidit, magnis exterrita monstris,
Deriguit visu in medio; calor ossa reliquit ;
Labitur, et longo vix tandem tempore fatur :
"Verane te facies, verus mihi nuncius affers,
Nate dea? vivisne? aut, si lux alma recessit,

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Hector ubi est?" Dixit, lacrimasque effudit, et omnem
Implevit clamore locum. Vix pauca furenti
Subjicio, et raris turbatus vocibus hisco:

"Vivo equidem, vitamque extrema per omnia duco. 315
Ne dubita, nam vera vides.

Heu quis te casus, dejectam conjuge tanto,
Excipit? aut quae digna satis fortuna revisit?
Hectoris Andromache Pyrrhin' connubia servas?"

'Dejecit vultum, et demissa voce locuta est:

"O felix una ante alias Priameïa virgo,

320

Pyrrhus, Helenus succeeded him both in marriage and in his kingdom. 297. Cessisse.-Cedere alicui is to fall to the lot of one.'-302. Falsi. In this part of Epirus, Andromache had imitated all the objects of her regrets-Ilion, the Simoïs, the Scamander-and thus beguiled the sorrows for her heavy losses.-304. Inanem tumulum, 'a cenotaph.'305. Geminas. One for her husband Hector; the other, probably, for her son Astyanax.-307. Amens. The position of this word indicates that it was the sight of the Trojan army that had made her amens.310. Verane dea? that is, art thou going to tell me that thou art the real identical Aeneas?'-313. Furenti impatienter dolenti.315. Extrema, mortal dangers.'-317. He does not say 'torn away from so glorious a husband, but cast down' as from the summit of greatness.-318. Revisit = obtigit tibi.-319. Pyrrhin'. The interrogative particle -ne is often elided in comic poetry, and sometimes by Virgil. See also A. 6, 779. The question shews that Aeneas had not believed the report mentioned in verse 294, &c.

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321. Polyxena, a daughter of Priam, was slain on the grave of Achilles, to whom she was on the point of being married when Paris slew him.

Hostilem ad tumulum Trojae sub moenibus altis
Jussa mori, quae sortitus non pertulit ullos,
Nec victoris heri tetigit captiva cubile!

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Nos, patria incensa, diversa per aequora vectae,
Stirpis Achilleae fastus, juvenemque superbum,
Servitio enixae, tulimus; qui deinde, secutus
Ledaeam Hermionem, Lacedaemoniosque hymenaeos,
Me famulo famulamque Heleno transmisit habendam.
Ast illum, ereptae magno inflammatus amore
Conjugis, et scelerum Furiis agitatus, Orestes
Excipit incautum, patriasque obtruncat ad aras.
Morte Neoptolemi regnorum reddita cessit
Pars Heleno; qui Chaonios cognomine campos,
Chaoniamque omnem Trojano a Chaone dixit,
Pergamaque, Iliacamque jugis hanc addidit arcem.
Sed tibi qui cursum venti, quae fata dedere?
Aut quisnam ignarum nostris deus appulit oris ?
Quid puer Ascanius? superatne? et vescitur aura
Quae tibi jam Troja-

Ecqua tamen puero est amissae cura parentis?
Ecquid in antiquam virtutem, animosque viriles,
Et pater Aeneas, et avunculus excitat Hector?"

'Talia fundebat lacrimans, longosque ciebat
Incassum fletus; quum sese a moenibus heros
Priamides multis Helenus comitantibus affert,
Agnoscitque suos, laetusque ad limina ducit,

Et multum lacrimas verba inter singula fundit.
Procedo, et parvam Trojam, simulataque magnis

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327. Enixae. Andromache had borne three children to Pyrrhus.328. Hermione, grand-daughter of Leda, and daughter of Menelaus, king of Sparta, had been betrothed to Orestes, son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra. 329. To a servant gave me, who was also a servant (famulamque).-331. Conjugis. Hermione was betrothed to him. See Ecl. 8, 18. The Furies, the instigators and avengers of crime, had driven to madness Orestes for slaying Clytemnestra, who had murdered Agamemnon. Pyrrhus was slain at Delphi, where he had erected an altar to Achilles.-332. Patrias aras, the altar erected by Neoptolemus at Delphi, in honour of his father.-340. Quae; others read quem. Either the passage is corrupt, or it indicates that, while Andromache was proceeding to ask regarding the fate of Creusa, she was warned by the countenance of Aeneas that his wife was dead. She stops abruptly, and asks if Ascanius still remembered him. 343. Avunculus means a mother's brother. According to one tradition, Creusa was the sister of Hector.

Pergama, et arentem Xanthi cognomine rivum
Agnosco, Scaeaeque amplector limina portae.
Necnon et Teucri socia simul urbe fruuntur.
Illos porticibus rex accipiebat in amplis :
Aulai medio libabant pocula Bacchi,
Impositis auro dapibus, paterasque tenebant.

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Jamque dies, alterque dies processit ; et aurae
Vela vocant, tumidoque inflatur carbasus Austro:
His vatem aggredior dictis, ac talia quaeso:
"Trojugena, interpres divûm, qui numina Phoebi,
Qui tripodas, Clarii lauros, qui sidera sentis,
Et volucrum linguas, et praepetis omina pennae,
Fare age-namque omnem cursum mihi prospera dixit
Religio, et cuncti suaserunt numine divi

Italiam petere, et terras tentare repostas:
Sola novum, dictuque nefas, Harpyia Celaeno
Prodigium canit, et tristes denunciat iras,
Obscoenamque famem-quae prima pericula vito?
Quidve sequens tantos possim superare labores ?"
Hic Helenus, caesis primum de more juvencis,
Exorat pacem divûm, vittasque resolvit
Sacrati capitis, meque ad tua limina, Phoebe,
Ipse manu, multo suspensum numine, ducit;
Atque haec deinde canit divino ex ore sacerdos :
"Nate dea-nam te majoribus ire per altum
Auspiciis manifesta fides: sic fata deûm rex
Sortitur, volvitque vices; is vertitur ordo-
Pauca tibi e multis, quo tutior hospita lustres
Aequora, et Ausonio possis considere portu,
Expediam dictis; prohibent nam cetera Parcae

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350. Arentem. In Virgil's time, the Scamander was but a rivulet; in Homer's, it was a much larger stream.-354. Aulai, an antiquated form of the genitive singular. See A. 6, 747; 7, 464; 9, 26.

360. Clarii, a name for Apollo, from an Ionian town, Clarus, where he had a temple and oracle. The laurel was sacred to Apollo.361. Omens among the Romans were taken either from the chirping (linguas) or the flight of birds (praepetis pennae); hence the distinction between oscines and praepetes.-363. Religio, the commands of Heaven. See verse 94, &c., and 163, &c.-365. See verse 255, &c.-367. Obscoenam, because, when reduced to extremities, they devour such things as produce nausea.-372. Multo suspensum numine, agitated by the mighty influence of the presence of the god.'-373. Divino, prophetic."

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374. Majoribus solito.-379. Parcae. See Ecl. 4, 47.

Scire Helenum, farique vetat Saturnia Juno.
Principio Italiam, quam tu jam rere propinquam,
Vicinosque, ignare, paras invadere portus,
Longa procul longis via dividit invia terris.
Ante et Trinacria lentandus remus in unda,
Et salis Ausonii lustrandum navibus aequor,
Infernique lacus, Aeaeaeque insula Circae,
Quam tuta possis urbem componere terra.
Signa tibi dicam; tu condita mente teneto:
Quum tibi sollicito, secreti ad fluminis undam,
Litoreis ingens inventa sub ilicibus sus,
Triginta capitum foetus enixa, jacebit,
Alba, solo recubans, albi circum ubera nati;
Is locus urbis erit, requies ea certa laborum.
Nec tu mensarum morsus horresce futuros:
Fata viam invenient, aderitque vocatus Apollo.
Has autem terras, Italique hanc litoris oram,
Proxima quae nostri perfunditur aequoris aestu,
Effuge cuncta malis habitantur moenia Graiis.
Hic et Narycii posuerunt moenia Locri,

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Et Sallentinos obsedit milite campos

Lyctius Idomeneus; hic illa ducis Meliboei
Parva Philoctetae subnixa Petelia muro.

400

Quin, ubi transmissae steterint trans aequora classes,
Et positis aris jam vota in litore solves,
Purpureo velare comas adopertus amictu;

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383. Invia, impassable by land, as Aeneas could not make his way over the intervening territories (longis terris) from the Greek colonies on the coasts.-386. Inferni lacus, Avernus.' At A. 7, 10, Circe's Isle is described at length. Aeaeae = Colchicae, from Aea, a town of Colchis. -389. Quum, &c. See this prophecy repeated by the river-god Tiberinus, A. 8, 43, &c. Secreti fluminis in secreta parte fluminis, isolated. 392. Alba. From this, according to the usages of his time, Virgil derives the name of the town Alba.-395. Viam, a way by which the fulfilment of the prediction will prove to be harmless. 396. Hanc, the coast nearest the east coast.-397. Nostri aequoris, the Adriatic.400. Sallentini campi, in Messapia, now Terra di Otranto.-401. Idomeneus. See verse 121.-402. Either Petelia (now Strongoli) Philoctetae, or muro Philoctetae, as there was a tradition that the town existed before, and that it was only walled in by Philoctetes. The force of subnixa muro seems to be raised high on the wall.' Philoctetes was the friend of Hercules. 403. Stětěrint, from sisto.405. Velare, the imperative. Velare comas. For the construction of passive verbs of dressing with the accusative, see

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