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Gloria; quem falsa sub proditione Pelasgi
Insontem, infando indicio, quia bella vetabat,
Demisere neci; nunc cassum lumine lugent:
Illi me comitem, et consanguinitate propinquum,
Pauper in arma pater primis huc misit ab annis.
Dum stabat regno incolumis, regumque vigebat
Conciliis; et nos aliquod nomenque decusque
Gessimus: invidia postquam pellacis Ulixi-
Haud ignota loquor-superis concessit ab oris,
Afflictus vitam in tenebris luctuque trahebam,
Et casum insontis mecum indignabar amici.
Nec tacui, demens: et me, fors si qua tulisset,
Si patrios unquam remeassem victor ad Argos,
Promisi ultorem; et verbis odia aspera movi.
Hinc mihi prima mali labes; hinc semper Ulixes
Criminibus terrere novis; hinc spargere voces
In vulgum ambiguas, et quaerere conscius arma.
Nec requievit enim, donec, Calchante ministro-
Sed quid ego haec autem nequidquam ingrata revolvo?
Quidve moror, si omnes uno ordine habetis Achivos,
Idque audire sat est? Jamdudum sumite poenas;
Hoc Ithacus velit, et magno mercentur Atridae.”
"Tum vero ardemus scitari et quaerere causas,

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100

105

See Ovid, Met. 13, 56-60.-83. Falsa sub proditione sub falso crimine proditionis.-85. Lumine vita.-87. In arma; that is, ad bellum. Primis ab annis, from the first years of the war,' DÜBNER.-88. Dum (Palamedes) stabat incolumis regno incolumi dignitate regia. See A. 1, 268. 91. Superae orae, the earth,' opposed to the infernal regions. 94. Tulisset. The English idiom prevents us from seeing the full significance of this tense. Promisi is past, and at this past time the opportunity was conceived as completed (past-perfect) prior to the threatened revenge.-95. Argos (acc. of Argi), here Greece in general: ef. Argolicas at verse 55. Palamedes came from Euboea.-98. Terrere, the historic infinitive, which takes the place of the imperfect indicative. See Zumpt, § 599.-99. Conscius is often used alone in the sense of having the conscience laden with some evil deed or crime.— 100. Enim may have the force of 'in good truth;' or, resolving nec, et arma adeptus est, non requievit enim. Calchas was the great soothsayer of the Greeks during the Trojan war. For this mode of speech, see A. 1, 135.-101. Sed-autem, a rare connection, especially when thus separated. May it not be that the idea nequidquam ingrata is referred to? There might be a motive to dwell on distasteful subjects, but not on those which were nequidquam ingrata.—102. Quidve moror? supply vos hac oratione. - 103. Jamdudum, it is now more than time." 104. Ithacus for Ithacensis, Ulysses:' so in verses 122, 128. Atridae. See A. 1, 458.

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İgnari scelerum tantorum, artisque Pelasgae.
Prosequitur pavitans, et ficto pectore fatur:-

66

Saepe fugam Danai Troja cupiere relicta

Moliri, et longo fessi discedere bello:

Fecissentque utinam! saepe illos aspera ponti

Interclusit hiems, et terruit Auster euntes.

110

Praecipue, quum jam hic trabibus contextus acernis
Staret equus, toto sonuerunt aethere nimbi.
Suspensi Eurypylum scitantem oracula Phoebi
Mittimus; isque adytis haec tristia dicta reportat:
Sanguine placastis ventos, et virgine caesa,
Quum primum Iliacas, Danai, venistis ad oras:
Sanguine quaerendi reditus, animaque litandum
Argolica. Vulgi quae vox ut venit ad aures,
Obstupuere animi, gelidusque per ima cucurrit
Ossa tremor, cui fata parent, quem poscat Apollo.
Hic Ithacus vatem magno Calchanta tumultu
Protrahit in medios; quae sint ea numina divûm,
Flagitat; et mihi jam multi crudele canebant
Artificis scelus, et taciti ventura videbant.
Bis quinos silet ille dies, tectusque recusat
Prodere voce sua quemquam, aut opponere morti.
Vix tandem, magnis Ithaci clamoribus actus,
Composito rumpit vocem, et me destinat arae.

115

120

125

"Assensere omnes; et, quae sibi quisque timebat, 130 Unius in miseri exitium conversa tulere.

Jamque dies infanda aderat; mihi sacra parari,
Et salsae fruges, et circum tempora vittae.
Eripui, fateor, leto me, et vincula rupi;
Limosoque lacu per noctem obscurus in ulva
Delitui, dum vela darent, si forte dedissent.

135

= mittimus

111. Euntes, in the very act of going.'-114. Scitantem Eurypylum atque is scitatur, &c.-116. Alluding to the detention of the ships at Aulis, where Iphigenia was sacrificed. See Ovid, Met. 13, 181-195.

121. Parent mortem.-124. Canebant, predicted.'-126. Quinos. See A. 1, 313.-127. Opponere = objicere.

132. Parari. See verse 98.-133. Salsae fruges, mola salsa; see Ecl. 8,82. It was sprinkled on the head of the animal to be sacrificed.-135. Ulva, according to Martyn, on G. 3, 165, is the same with typha, cat'stail or reed-mace, which 'grows only where there is mud, and is tall enough to conceal any person.'-136. Si forte, even without having offered the sacrifice. Dedissent is not = daturi essent (as Wagner

Nec mihi jam patriam antiquam spes ulla videndi,
Nec dulces natos, exoptatumque parentem;
Quos illi fors et poenas ob nostra reposcent

Effugia, et culpam hanc miserorum morte piabunt. 140
Quod te, per superos, et conscia numina veri,

Per, si qua est, quae restet adhuc mortalibus usquam,
Intemerata fides, oro, miserere laborum

Tantorum; miserere animi non digna ferentis.”

'His lacrimis vitam damus, et miserescimus ultro. 145 Ipse viro primus manicas atque arcta levari

Vincla jubet Priamus, dictisque ita fatur amicis:

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149

Quisquis es, amissos hinc jam obliviscere Graios;
Noster eris; mihique haec edissere vera roganti :
Quo molem hanc immanis equi statuere? quis auctor?
Quidve petunt? quae religio? aut quae machina belli ?”
Dixerat. Ille, dolis instructus et arte Pelasga,
Sustulit exutas vinclis ad sidera palmas :-

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Vos, aeterni ignes, et non violabile vestrum

Testor numen," ait; "vos, arae, ensesque nefandi, 155
Quos fugi, vittaeque deûm, quas hostia gessi:
Fas mihi Graiorum sacrata resolvere jura,
Fas odisse viros, atque omnia ferre sub auras,
Si qua tegunt; teneor patriae nec legibus ullis.
Tu modo promissis maneas, servataque serves,
Troja, fidem, si vera feram, si magna rependam."

66 Omnis spes Danaûm, et coepti fiducia belli,
Palladis auxiliis semper stetit. Impius ex quo

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160

interprets), but if perchance they should (at some future time) have set sail. 139. According to this reading (others read ad poenas), quos is in apposition with poenas, as a satisfaction.' Fors et = forsitan etiam. -141. Quod refers to the previous narrative, as a ground for what follows: In these circumstances.'-142. Per (fidem), si qua est, &c., the sentence being interrupted, fides is expressed in the relative member only. As an example of a similar construction in prose, cf. Liv. 23, 9. -143. Per intemeratam fidem.

145. Et-ultro. Et seems to have the force of our 'ay, even un asked.'-151. The questions quae religio? aut ・ ・ ・ ・ belli? are only a fuller development of the general question quidve petunt?—157. Fas. What is ordained or permitted by Heaven. From the connection of this passage with teneor, &c., fas evidently implies est: Heaven permits, and no (human) laws of country now bind me.-159. Nec ullis nullis.-160. Promissis maneas = promissis stes, the usual formula.— 161. Rependam, pro vita et libertate.

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163. Stetit. Stare, in such expressions, means, 'to rest upon.'

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170

Tydides sed enim, scelerumque inventor Ulixes,
Fatale aggressi sacrato avellere templo
Palladium, caesis summae custodibus arcis,
Corripuere sacram effigiem, manibusque cruentis
Virgineas ausi divae contingere vittas:
Ex illo fluere ac retro sublapsa referri
Spes Danaûm, fractae vires, aversa deae mens.
Nec dubiis ea signa dedit Tritonia monstris.
Vix positum castris simulacrum: arsere coruscae
Luminibus flammae arrectis, salsusque per artus
Sudor iit; terque ipsa solo-mirabile dictu!-
Emicuit, parmamque ferens, hastamque trementem. 175
Extemplo tentanda fuga canit aequora Calchas;
Nec posse Argolicis exscindi Pergama telis,
Omina ni repetant Argis, numenque reducant,
Quod pelago et curvis secum avexere carinis.
Et nunc, quod patrias vento petiere Mycenas,
Arma deosque parant comites, pelagoque remenso
Improvisi aderunt. Ita digerit omina Calchas.
Hanc pro Palladio, moniti, pro numine laeso,

180

Effigiem statuere; nefas quae triste piaret.

Hanc tamen immensam Calchas attollere molem

185

Roboribus textis, coeloque educere, jussit;

Ne recipi portis, aut duci in moenia possit,
Neu populum antiqua sub religione tueri.

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164. Sed enim. See 4. 1, 19. Sed hujus auxilia deperdiderant impius enim.-165. Fatale; fated, pregnant with fate-not fatal. For the seizure of the Palladium, fastened down with chains, see Ovid, Met. 13, 337, &c.-166. Palladium, the statue of Pallas," on the possession of which depended the fate of the city.-167. Manibus cruentis. See verse 717, &c.-169. Ex illo refers to ex quo tempore (verse 163). Fluere, &c. A metaphor from a vessel borne back by the receding of a river. 171. Ea signa dedit, id significavit. Tritonia. A name for Pallas, from her worship at the Lake Tritonis, in Libya, near which, according to some legends, she first appeared.-173. Luminibus, oculis. -177. Argolicis. See verse 55. Pergama. Pergamus (neut. in the plural) was properly the citadel of Troy.-178. Numen, the favour of Heaven. -179. Avexere, indicative; therefore a remark of Sinon's.-180. Myce

nas.

See A. 1, 283.-182. Omina. Those derived from the Palladium. -184. Quae piaret, ut ea piaret.-185. Tamen has reference to an idea involved in the previous statement. Though they erected the horse, and left it here as an expiatory offering, yet it was necessary to prevent its introduction into Troy as a second Palladium.-186. Coelo, dat. ad coelum.-187. Ne-aut, refer to one idea, the possible introduction of the horse-neu to another consequent thereon.-188. Antiqua sub

Nam, si vestra manus violasset dona Minervae,
Tum magnum exitium-quod di prius omen in ipsum
Convertant!-Priami imperio Phrygibusque futurum :
Sin manibus vestris vestram ascendisset in urbem, 192
Ultro Asiam magno Pelopea ad moenia bello
Venturam, et nostros ea fata manere nepotes."
"Talibus insidiis perjurique arte Sinonis
Credita res; captique dolis lacrimisque coactis
Quos neque Tydides, nec Larissaeus Achilles,
Non anni domuere decem, non mille carinae.

195

'Hic aliud majus miseris multoque tremendum
Objicitur magis, atque improvida pectora turbat.
Laocoön, ductus Neptuno sorte sacerdos,
Sollemnes taurum ingentem mactabat ad aras.
Ecce autem gemini a Tenedo, tranquilla per alta—
Horresco referens-immensis orbibus angues
Incumbunt pelago, pariterque ad litora tendunt:
Pectora quorum inter fluctus arrecta jubaeque
Sanguineae exsuperant undas: pars cetera pontum
Pone legit, sinuatque immensa volumine terga.
Fit sonitus spumante salo. Jamque arva tenebant,
Ardentesque oculos suffecti sanguine et igni,

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205

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religione, according to the ancient rites observed in the temple of Minerva, whence the Palladium had been carried away.' The enormous machine being to remain before the city, these conservative rites could not be applied to it.-189. After nam there is implied some such idea as praedixit, involved in the previous jussit. Observe violasset, ascendisset; the contingency is spoken of as completed when looked forward to from a past time, otherwise violarit.-190. Ipsum (vatem), "Calchas.'-191. Phrygibus. See verse 68. Futurum, supply esse canebat. -193. Pelopea, from Pelops, the eponymous hero of the Peloponnesus, father of Atreus; his walls simply mean the cities of Greece.

197. Larissaeus, from Larissa, a town in Thessaly, near the district whence Achilles came.

199. An incident admirably introduced and told, and the subject of a celebrated piece of statuary, known by the name of the Laocoon. Majus, than the horse and Sinon's capture; that is, as it seemed to them.-200. Improvida, an epithet applied to pectora by prolepsis, indicating the effect of this trouble. Turbat. So that they were less able to form a correct judgment as to what they should do with the horse.-201. Ductus sorte. This was not unusual in the choice of priests. Neptune was one of the tutelary gods of Troy.-203. Gemini, with pariterque (205), indicates their combined motion. Per alta. Alta is seldom used for altum (mare).-208. Legit, slowly traverses.' Sinuat terga, in sinus terga plicat.-210. Oculos suffecti. See Ecl. 1, 52, &c.

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