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former becomes its subject, and the latter its predicate; as, 66 believed him an honest man "I believed that he was an hones man." "I wish you to go"=" I wish that you would go." (b.) Sometimes the substantive clause itself is an indirect object; - 1st. Without a preposition; as, "I was informed that he had arrived of his arrival ;' "-2d. With a preposition; as, "I was speaking of how we should cancel the demand;" will depend on who the commissioners are."

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304. When the principal verb assumes the passive form, the objective clause becomes the subject, but commonly remains after the predicate, being represented by it placed at the beginning of the sentence, (282;) as, "He said that the measure could never be adopted"=" It was said (by him) that the measure could never be adopted."

MODEL FOR ANALYZING AND PARSING.

Do you know that you have wronged him? It is a complex sentence, because it is composed of dissimilar clauses; interrogative, because it asks a question; direct, because it requires an affirmation or denial. You .. is the subject of the principal clause.

Do know is the predicate.

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The predicate. is limited by "that you have wronged him," an objective element of the third class, denoting what is known. It is used as a noun, third person, singular number neuter gender, and is the object of “do' know," according to Rule VIII. " Do know that you have wronged him," is the complex predicate.

You

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is the subject of the subordinate clause. Have wronged is the predicate.

the predicate is limited by "him," a simple objective element, &c.

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is a subordinate conjunction, and connects the substantive clause, 66 'you have wronged him," to the pred cate of the principal clause, “know," according to Rule XVI.

EXERCISE 47.

Analyze the following propositions according to

the model:

I believed that all these objects existed within me. I know not whether he will go. Will you tell me whom you saw on the Mall? We knew whose place was vacated. I knew not where I was. Will you tell me why you are Jad? The teacher showed me wherein I had erred. My uncle explained how the seasons are produced. Will you Bnow me why we invert the divisor? "I admire," said Aristodemus, " Homer for his epic poetry." "I always thought," said he, "that philosophy served to make men happier." They said, "Thou hast saved our lives." King of Morven," Carthon said, "I fall in the midst of my course." They say that they have bought it. The truly great consider, first, how they may gain the approbation of God. He inquired, "Who comes there?"

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Write ten sentences, and ler each contain an ob jective clause illustrating direct quotation. Change each to the form of indirect quotation, and change five of them into interrogative sentences.

MODEL. "I have endeavored," said Socrates, "throughout life, to do nothing unjust "Socrates said that he had endeavored, throughout life, to do nothing unjust. Did no Socrates say that he had endeavred, &c. ?

Convert the following objects, with their attributes into objective clauses:

I thought him honest. I wish you to inform me of the fact. We desired her to stay. The general commanded the army to march. The ancients believed the earth to be a vast plain. Some suppose the planets to be inhabited. The lunatic often imagines himself a king.

MODEL. I thought that he was honest.

Expand the following nouns, with the words belonging to them in Italics, into objective clauses: —

I forgot the time of the lecture. Socrates taught the immortality of the soul. Do you believe the truth of these reports? Explain the cause of the tides. Show me the mode of its operation. We anticipate a pleasant day. The officer found the place of his concealment. Did you hear of his illness? Who told you of our success? 1 wish to go. He expects to be appointed. Will you tell us the object of this meeting? The heathen believe in a plurality of gods.

Write complex sentences, employing the following words, and let the two words between the semicolons be the subjects, the first of the principal clause and the second of the subordinate clause:

Fox, grapes; boy, ink; Solomon, wisdom; poet, man. teacher, pupils; Washington, nation; Columbus, continent; brother, hand; father, son; George, geography general, army.

MODEL. The for said that the grapes were sour.

Select ten sentences from your Histor, or any other book, containing objective

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Change the verbs of any five of the above examples to the passive form. (304.)

SECTION V.

SUBORDINATE CLAUSES USED AS THE ADVERBIA ELEMENT.

305. A clause added to the predicate to denote some circumstance connected with it is an adverbial element of the third class; as, "I was agreeably deceived, as I approached the place.”

306. An adverbial clause is introduced by some conjunction, or conjunctive adverb, which relates to some adverb, expressed or understood, in the prin cipal clause, called its correlative; as, "We must go (thither) whither the master leads."

(a.) The connective and its correlative are equivalent to two phrases; as, “I will go where he lives”—“I will go to the place, (there) in which (where) he lives."

307. Adverbial clauses, like their corresponding adverbs, or phrases, may denote place, time, cause, or

manner.

MODEL FOR ANALYSIS.

When the wicked are multiplied, transgression in creaseth.

It is a complex sentence. (Why?)

Transgression..... is the subject of the principal clause

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The predicate. is limited by "when the wicked are mult plied," an adverbial element of the third class, denoting time. (See Rule IX.) The complex predicate is, "increaseth wher the wicked are multiplied."

Wicked

s the subject of the subordinate clause.

Are multiplied as the predicate.

When ... is a subcrdinate connective, (conjunctive

.....

adverb of time,) and joins the adverbial clause which it introduces to the predicate of the principal clause, according to Rule XVI. It limits "are multiplied" and "increaseth," according to Rule IX.

1.- CLAUSES DENOTING PLACE.

308. The three relations of place (128, 218) are indicated by whither, whence, and where; as, "Where your treasure is, there will your heart be also."

309. Some adverbs of place admit of comparison; as, "The prisoner reached as far as his chain would allow," or, "no farther than his chain," &c.

(a.) The principal conjunctive adverbs of place are, where, whither, whence, wherever, whithersoever; and the phrases, as far as, as long as, farther than.

EXERCISE 48.

Analyze the following sentences:

The soldiers stopped where night overtook them. Where your treasure is, there will your heart be also. Wheresoever the carcass is, there will the cagl's be gathered to gether. I will go whither you direct.

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