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SECTION VIII.

SFVERAL ELEMENTS OF THE SAME NAME.

244. There may be in the second, as in the first class, several elements of the same name, not connected with each other. (See 165.)

(a.) Such elements are always subordinate, and are generally either adjective or adverbial.

245. By means of the several conditions of the elements already explained, a simple sentence may be extended at pleasure.

EXERCISE 40.

An orator may often, by this kind of style, gain grea admiration, without being nearer to his proper end. The unfortunate man passed from one subject to another, without being aware of the abruptness of his transitions. The coach will leave the city in the morning before sunrise. Recounting the dark catalogue of abuses already suffered, and appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of their intentions, they shook off forever their allegiance to the British crown, and pronounced the United Colonies an independent nation. The boat will sail from Norwich to New York on Thursday.

246. It will be readily perceived that the materials employed in this chapter resemble, in thei use, those of Chapter I.

1. The substantive phrase, (the inf.) used as

II. The adjective phrase, used as

III. The adverbial ❤hrase, used as

There are,

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King James wrote a treatise on the heinous sin of using obacco. The ancients, for want of telescopes, formed many absurd notions of the heavenly bodies. The sun, according to some ancient philosophers, quenches his flames in the ocean. Alfred the Great was not only the king, but the father, of his people. I speak not of temporal, but of eternal interests. No one ought, unnecessarily to wound the feelings, or insult the religious prepossessions, of his neighbors. We have taken up arms, not to betray, but to defend, our country. Study serves for de light, for ornament, and for ability. To attempt to work upon the vulgar with fine sense, is like attempting to hew blocks of marble with a razor. One of the noblest of the Christian virtues is, to love our enemies. Sincerity and truth form the basis of every virtue. The man of genuine virtue must be endowed with a sagacious judgment and ar ardent zeal.

Write ten sentences, each containing complex or compound elements.

Complete the following sentences :

He was formed (For what?).

The writings (Of whom?) were studied (By whom?) (When?) (Where? (Why?). (What kind?) poet (Of what place?) de scribes (What?) (How?).

Write sentences containing the following words Let all the words between the semicolons be introduces into a single sentence.

Honey, bee, flower; farmer, grain, ploughs; ship, sailor, ong, mast; lapidary, ring, diamond, gold; skeleton, mus cles, nerves; inertia, force, momentum; equation, terms, quantity; history, chronology, era, dates; conscience, judgment, intellect.

SECTION IX.

INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES.

248. An interrogative sentence is used to ask a question; as, "Whom did you see?" A sentence used to state a fact, or the possibility of a fact, is called a declarative sentence; as, "I saw George;" "You can see George."

249. An interrogative sentence relates either to the whole or a part of a corresponding declarative sentence, called the answer or responsive; as, "Whom did you see? Ans. John;" that is, "I saw John." "Did you see John? Ans. Yes=1 did see John."

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(a.) The first question refers to only a part of the declarative sentence, namely, the object of the verb; but the second refers to the whole, and may be answered by "yes" or "no," which are equivalent to the entire sentence, the former without the negative "not," the latter with it

250. A question which refers to the whole of the corresponding declarative sentence, is called direct; one which refers to only a single part of :t, is called indirect

DIRECT INTERROGATIVE

SENTENCES.

251. A direct interrogative sentence requires an affirmation or denial, and is introduced by the verb or its auxiliary; as, "Have you seen George? Yes I have seen George."

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(a.) Direct questions require, at the close, the upwara inflec. tion of the voice in uttering them· as, "Will you go'?"

MODEL FOR ANALYSIS.

Have you written?

It is an interrogative sentence, because it asks a ques tion; simple, because it contains but one proposition direct, because it requires an affirmation or denial. You ...... is the subject.

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Have written.. is the predicate.

NOTE. The elements of an interrogative sentence are in all respects like those of a declarative.

EXERCISE 42.

Have you

Is your master at home?
Should not merchants be
Do you think him so

Analyze the following sentences: Are you here? Is your brother well? returned? Did Cain ki'l Abel? Will you ride to town to-day? punctual in paying their debts? base? Have you learned the lesson? May the children visit the country to-morrow? Had the patient recovered on your arrival? May we not sit under this tree? Must I leave town to-morrow? Does the bright sun grow dim in the heavens? Am I my brother's keeper? Are you

going to see the elephant? Shall send the letter to the office? Did you kill the Nemean I on ?

Write fifteen direct interrogative sentences, and be areful to place after each an interrogation point, (?) Convert the questions in the first part of this exer cise into declarative sentences. Place a period (.) at the end of each

MODEL. You are here. Your brother is weil.

L-INDIRECT INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES.

252. An indirect interrogative sentence requires, is its answer, that part of the declarative sentence to which the question relates, and is always introduced by some interrogative word; as, "Who came ? Charles Charles cane."

NOTE. Study the lesson in the Appendix on interrogatives. 253. An indirect question may refer to either of the five elements of a declarative sentence. (a.) Connectives are not referred to by interrogatives. 254. Since the essential materials (176) of a sentence are of the nature of the substantive, adjective, or adverb, we have, to inquire for them, three kinds of interrogative words,

(a.) Interrogative pronouns, which inquire for a substantive; as, Who? Which? What?

(b.) Interrogative adjectives, which inquire for au adjective; as, What or Which (person or thing?) How many? What kind?

(c.) Interrogative adverbs, which 'nquire for some

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