ON PHILOSOPHY AND LITERATURE, EDUCATION AND UNIVERSITY REFORM. CHIEFLY FROM THE EDINBURGH REVIEW; COR- BY SIR WILLIAM HAMILTON, BART. WITH AN INTRODUCTORY ESSAY BY ROBERT TURNBULL, D. D. Truth, like a torch, the more it's shook it shines.' NEW YORK: HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS, 329 & 331 PEARL STREET, FRANKLIN SQUARE. AUTHOR'S PREFACE. THIS publication will not, I hope, be deemed superfluous. Its contents have, in great part, been collected and translated in France and Italy; in Germany many of the Discussions have been separately translated; and their general collection has once and again been recommended in the leading critical journals of America. In this country also a considerable number are comprised in the "Selections from the Edinburgh Review," by Mr. Crosse. M. Peisse, the learned French translator, has added to the articles, published by him under the name of "Fragmens de Philosophie," sundry important contributions of his own;—an Introduction, an Appendix, and Notes. Of the last especially I have frequently availed myself. In reprinting these criticisms, I have made a few unimportant corrections; and some not unimportant additions-in length at least, for the new extends to above a half of the old. At the same time I was not averse from evincing, by the way, the punctual accuracy of certain statements, advanced in these crit icisms, which had been variously and sometimes even vehemently assailed. In one instance, the counter criticism was indeed of such a character, and came from such a quarter, that I could not in propriety let it pass without a full and formal refutation. In preparing an Appendix, supplementary of the previous discussions relative to the English Universities, I insensibly involved myself in a complication of details, which, after a fruitless and wholly unexpected expenditure of time, I found that leisure, and |