P. 197.-Open her bosom's glowing veil.-A frequent image among the Oriental poets. "The nightingales warbled their enchanting notes, and rent the thin veils of the rosebud and the rose." (Jami.)

P. 200.-The sorrowful tree, Nilica.-" Blossoms of the sorrowful Nyctanthes give a durable colour to silk.”—(“Remarks on the Husbandry of Bengal," p. 200.) Nilica is one of the Indian names of this flower.-(Sir W. Jones.) The Persians call it Gul.-(Carreri.)

P. 201. That cooling feast the traveller loves.—“In parts of Kerman, whatever dates are shaken from the trees by the wind, they do not touch, but leave them for those who have not any, or for travellers."-(Ebn Haukal.)

P. 202.-The Searchers of the Grave.-The two terrible angels Monkir and Nakir, who are called "the Searchers of the Grave" in the "Creed of the Orthodox Mahometans," given by Ockley, vol. ii.

P. 202.-The mandrake's charnel leaves at night.—“The Arabians call the mandrake the Devil's candle,' on account of its shining appearance in the night."-(Richardson.)

P. 208.-The still Halls of Ishmonie.-For an account of Ishmonie, the petrified city in Upper Egypt, where it is said there are many statues of men, women, etc., to be seen to this day, see Perry's "View of the Levant."

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P. 210.-To roses turn'd the death-flames.-The Ghebers say that when Abraham, their great Prophet, was thrown into the fire by order of Nimrod, the flame turned instantly into ": bed of roses, where the child sweetly reposed."—(Tavernier.) Of their other Prophet, Zoroaster, there is a story told in Dion Prusæus, Orat. 36, that the love of wisdom and virtue leading him to a solitary life upon a mountain, he found it one day all in a flame, shining with celestial fire, out of which he came without any harm, and instituted certain sacrifices to God, who, he declared, then appeared to him.-(See Patrick on Exodus, iii. 2.)

P. 213. A ponderous sea-horn.-"The shell called Siian

kos, common to India, Africa, and the Mediterranean, and still used in many parts as a trumpet for blowing alarms, or giving signals: it sends forth a deep and hollow sound." (Pennant.)

P. 213.- The white ox-tails stream'd behind. -"The finest ornament for the horses is made of six large flying tassels of long white hair, taken out of the tails of wild oxen, that are to be found in some places of the Indies."-(Thevenot.)

P. 215.- Sweet as the angel Israfil's.-" The angel Israfil, who has the most melodious voice of all God's creatures."(Sale.)

P. 218. Through Golconda's vale.-See Hoole upon the "Story of Sinbad.”

P. 221. By sudden swell of Jordan's pride.-" In this thicket upon the banks of the Jordan several sorts of wild beasts are wont to harbour themselves, whose being washed out of the covert by the overflowings of the river gave occasion to that allusion of Jeremiah, ‘he shall come up like a lion from the swelling of Jordan.' "—(Maundrell's " Aleppo.")

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P. 228.- Like the wind of the south o'er a summer lute blowing.-"This wind (the Samoor) so softens the strings of lutes that they can never be tuned while it lasts."-(Stephens's "Persia.")

P. 228. With nought but the sea-star to light up her tomb.— "One of the greatest curiosities found in the Persian Gulf is a fish which the English call Star-fish. It is circular, and at night very luminous, resembling the full moon surrounded by rays."-(Mirza Abu Taleb.)

P. 228. When the merry date-season is burning. For a description of the merriment of the date-time, of their work, their dances, and their return home from the palm-groves at the end of autumn with the fruits, see Kaempfer, "Amonitat. Exot."

P. 229.-That ever the sorrowing sea-bird has wept.-Some naturalists have imagined that amber is a concretion of the tears of birds.-(See Trevoux, Chambers.)

P. 229.-Where the sands of the Caspian are sparkling.— "The bay Kieselarke, which is otherwise called the Golden Bay, the sand whereof shines as fire."-(Struy.)

P. 230.-The summary criticism of the Chabuk. plication of whips or rods."—(Dubois.)

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The ap

P. 231.-Chief Holder of the Girdle of Beautiful Forms.— Kaempfer mentions such an officer among the attendants of the King of Persia, and calls him "formæ corporis æstimator." His business was, at stated periods, to measure the ladies of the Haram by a sort of regulation-girdle, whose limits it was not thought graceful to exceed. If any of them outgrew this standard of shape, they were reduced by abstinence till they came within proper bounds.

P. 231.- Forbidden River.-The Attock. "Akbar on his way ordered a fort to be built upon the Nilab, which he called Attock, which means in the Indian language, Forbidden; for, by the superstition of the Hindoos, it was held unlawful to cross that river."-(Dow's "Hindostan.")

P. 232.- One genial star that rises nightly over their heads. "The inhabitants of this country (Zinge) are never afflicted with sadness or melancholy; on this subject the Sheikh Abual-Kheir-Azhari has the following distich:

:

"Who is the man without care or sorrow, (tell) that I may rub my hand to him.

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(Behold) the Zingians, without care or sorrow, frolicsome with tipsiness and mirth.'

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"The philosophers have discovered that the cause of this cheerfulness proceeds from the influence of the star Soheil or Canopus, which rises over them every night."-(Extract from a Geographical Persian Manuscript called "Heft Aklim, or the Seven Climates," translated by W. Ouseley, Esq.)

P. 233.-Those unfortunate little lizards.-"The lizard Stellio. The Arabs call it Hardun. The Turks kill it, for they imagine that by declining the head it mimics them when they say their prayers."-(Hasselquist.)

P. 233.-Royal Gardens.-For these particulars respecting

Hussun Abdaul, I am indebted to the very interesting Introduction of Mr. Elphinstone's work upon Caubul.

P. 233.-"It was too delicious."-" As you enter at that Bazar, without the gate of Damascus, you see the Green Mosque, so called because it hath a steeple faced with green glazed bricks, which render it very resplendent; it is covered at top with a pavilion of the same stuff. The Turks say this mosque was made in that place, because Mahomet being come so far, would not enter the town, saying it was too delicious." —(Thevenot.) This reminds one of the following pretty passage in Isaac Walton:-"When I sat last on this primrose bank, and looked down these meadows, I thought of them as Charles the Emperor did of the city of Florence, 'that they were too pleasant to be looked on, but only on holidays.'"

P. 233.-The Sultana Nourmahal, the Light of the Haram. -Nourmahal signifies Light of the Haram. She was afterwards called Nourjehan, or the Light of the World.

P. 234.-Haroun-al-Raschid and his fair mistress Marida. "Haroun-al-Raschid, cinquième Khalife des Abassides, s'étant un jour brouillé avec une de ses maîtresses nommée Maridah, qu'il aimoit cependant jusqu'à l'excès, et cette mésintelligence ayant déjà duré quelque tems, commença à s'ennuyer. Giafar Barmaki, son favori, qui s'en aperçut, commanda à Abbas-ben-Ahnaf, excellent poëte de ce tems-là, de composer quelques vers sur le sujet de cette brouillerie. Ce poëte exécuta l'ordre de Giafar, qui fit chanter ces vers par Moussali en présence du Khalife, et ce prince fut tellement touché de la tendresse des vers du poëte et de la douceur de la voix du musicien, qu'il alla aussitôt trouver Maridah, et fit sa paix avec elle."-(D'Herbelot.)

P. 235.-With its roses the brightest that earth ever gave."The rose of Kashmire, for its brilliancy and delicacy of odour, has long been proverbial in the East."—(Forster.)

P. 235.-A zone of sweet bells.-"Tied round her waist the zone of bells, that sounded with ravishing melody."-("Song of Jayadeva.")

P. 236.-The young aspen-trees.-"The little isles in the

lake of Cachemire are set with arbours and large-leaved aspen-trees, slender and tall.”—(Bernier.)

P. 236. The mountainous portal.-" The Tuckt Suliman, the name bestowed by the Mahometans on this hill, forms one side of a grand portal to the Lake."—(Forster.)

P. 236.-Feast of Roses.-" The Feast of Roses continues the whole time of their remaining in bloom." (See Pietro de la Valle.)

P. 236.-The Floweret of a hundred leaves.-" Gul sad berk, the Rose of a hundred leaves. I believe a particular species." -(Ouseley.)

P. 237.-The palms of Baramoule.-(Bernier.)

P. 237.-Bela's hills.-A place mentioned in the Toozek Jehangeery, or Memoirs of Jehan-Guire, where there is an account of the beds of saffron-flowers about Cashmere.

P. 238.-Sung from his lighted gallery.-"It is the custom among the women to employ the Maazeen to chant from the gallery of the nearest minaret, which on that occasion is illuminated, and the women assembled at the house respond at intervals with a ziraleet or joyous chorus."-(Russel.)

P. 238.-From gardens, where the silken swing.—"The swing is a favourite pastime in the East, as promoting a circulation of air, extremely refreshing in those sultry climates."(Richardson.)

"The swings are adorned with festoons. This pastime is accompanied with the music of voices and of instruments, hired by the masters of the swings."-(Thevenot.)

P. 238.- Tents that line the way." At the keeping of the Feast of Roses we beheld an infinite number of tents pitched, with such a crowd of men, women, boys, and girls, with music, dances," etc., etc.-(Herbert.)

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P. 239.-An answer in song to the kiss of each wave. "An old commentator of the Chou-King says, the ancients having remarked that a current of water made some of the stones