Idaho Regular, Dr. R. L. Mourse, Hailey. Illinois: The State Board of Health conducts the examinations, Dr. J. A. Egan, of Springfield, being the secretary.

Indian Territory: The principal chief of the Cherokee and Choctaw Nations appoints boards of physicians to conduct examinations, while in the Creek Nation the payment of $25 is said to be all that is required.

Iowa: Dr. J. F. Kennedy, Building, Des Moines.

State Capitol

Louisiana: Regular, Dr. F. A. La Rue, 624 Gravier street, New Orleans; homeopathic, Dr. R. A. Bayley, 2628 Magazine street, New Orleans.

Maine: Dr. A. K. P. Meserve, 109 Emery street, Portland.

Maryland: Regular, Dr. J. McP. Scott, Hagerstown; homeopathic, Dr. T. E. Sears, president, Baltimore.

Massachusetts: Regular board consists of Dr. E. B. Harvey, Westboro; Dr. A. C. Walker, Greenfield; Dr. W. P. Bowers, Clinton. Homeopathic consists of Dr. N. R Perkins, 57 Bowdoin (Dor.). Boston; S. H. Calderwood, 221 Warren (Rox.), Boston. Eclectic, Dr. Edwin B. Harvey, State House, Boston.

Minnesota: Dr. J. B. Brimhall, 7 Corners, St.

Paul.

Mississippi Dr. J. F. Hunter, Jackson, secretary of the State Board of Health.

Montana: Dr. W. C. Riddell, 118 Grand street, Helena.

New Hampshire: Dr. James T. Greeley, Masonic Temple, Nashua; homeopathic, Dr. Robert H. Hazelton, Lebanon; eclectic, Dr. Francis L. Gerald, Belmont.

New Jersey Dr. E. L. B. Godfrey, 100 Linden, Camden.

New York: State Medical Society, Dr. Maurice J. Lewi, 5-11 Broadway, New York City; homeopathic, Dr. J. Willis Candee, 501 East Fayette street, Syracuse; eclectic, Dr. Arthur R. Tiel, Matteawan.

North Carolina: Dr. Thomas E. Anderson, Statesville.

North Dakota: Dr. H. M. Wheeler, Grand Forks.

Oregon Dr. Byron E. Miller, Dekum Building, Portland.

Pennsylvania: Regular, Dr. William S. Foster, 252 Shady avenue, Pittsburg; homeopathic, Dr. J C. Guernsey, 1923 Chestnut street, Philadelphia; eclectic, Dr. W. H. Blake, 2116 N. Marine street, Philadelphia.

South Carolina: Dr. S. C. Baker, Sumter. Utah: Dr. John T. White, 28 S. State street, Salt Lake City.

Vermont: Regular, Dr. C. W. Strobell, Rutland; homeopathic, Dr. E. B. Whittaker, Barre; eclectic, Dr. P. L. Templeton, 37 Loomis, Montpelier.

Virginia: Dr. R. S. Martin, Stuart; homeopathic, Dr. E. C. Williams, 115 North Fifth street.

Washington: Dr. W. Grant Tucker, Port Townsend.

West Virginia: Dr. A. R. Barbee, Point Pleasant, secretary of the State Board of Health. -Merck's Archives.

Questions Used in the Examination by the Medical Examining Boards of Illinois, May 3, 1900.

PRACTISE.

1. Name the various forms of rhinitis and give treatment. 2. Give the morbid anatomy and physical signs of aortic stenosis, mitral incompetency, and outline the general management in both cases.

3. Describe the morbid anatomy of typhoid fever, give blood test and outline the general treatment.

4. Give the etiology and morbid anatomy of arteriosclerosis.

5. Write concerning the causes and prevention of pulmon. ary tuberculosis.

6. Give the causes and the treatment of obstinate hiccup. 7. Give the physical signs of chronic bronchial asthma and outline the general treatment.

8. Name the diseases with which gallstone colic may be confounded, and give the differential diagnosis.

9. Give the differential diagnosis between lukemia and pseudoleukemia.

10. Name the various forms of cancer of the liver, and give symptoms and physical signs.

1. What deleterious gases accumulate in imperfectly ventilated sleeping-rooms?

2. What is the difference between disinfectants and germicides, and how do they severally act in preventing the spread of contagious and infectious materials?

3. What conditions are essential to a good water supply? 4. What effect have ground air and ground water on health?

5. Mention three satisfactory disinfectants and give indications for their use.

16. What is the relation of defectiv plumbing and imperfect drainage to diphtheria? To typhoid fever?

7. What preventiv measures should be adopted in typhoid fever?

8. What restrictiv measures should be adopted in an outbreak of small-pox?

9. Describe your method of disinfection following a case of small-pox.

10. After attending a case of smallpox, what precautions would you take to prevent carrying the disease to your family, friends and patients?

EGYNECOLOGY.

1. Describe the vulvo-vaginal glands.

2. What is the blood supply of the pelvic organs?

3. What are the causes of downward displacements of the uterus?

4. What is the treatment for acute vaginitis caused by gonorrheal infection?

5. What is the organ most frequently first affected by tuberculosis of the pelvis?

6. How would you examine a patient that you supposed to be suffering from a disease of the pelvic organs?

7. What is the treatment for amenorrhea?

8. What are the symptoms of carcinoma of the uterus?

9. What is the treatment for cystitis?

10. What are the symptoms of extra-uterin gestation?

MATERIA MEDICA AND THERAPEUTICS.

1. Name the official alkaloids and preparations of cinchona" 2. Name the therapeutical action of potassium iodid and the preparations of iodism.

3. Describe the therapeutical and physiological action of argent nitricum and give the dose.

4. Give the composition of paregoric and the dose for a child one year old.

5. Describe the therapeutic value of acidum ars, and name the chemical antidotes.

6. Describe the physiological and therapeutical action of

calomel, and how to prevent hydrargyrism.

7. What would you do in a case of atropin poisoning? 8. Describe the action and uses of zinc. sulphuricum. 9. What is a pormorphin?

10. Write a prescription for a case of epistaxis and outline the general treatment.

SURGERY.

1. What is hydrocele and how should it be treated? 2. Describe hip joint amputation, and give the prognosis. 3. Name the different kinds of wounds.

4. How would you diagnose fracture of the skull ? 5. Give treatment of phagadenic ulcers.

6. What is shock? What its causes? What its treatment? 7. Give differential diagnosis between a dislocation of the hip-joint and a fracture of the neck of the femur.

8. Describe the various steps in an aseptic removal of a cancerous breast.

9. What is empyema? Give treatment. 10. Name the chief varieties of cancer.

OBSTETRICS.

1. Give the treatment of edema of the vulva.

2. What is retroflexion? What are the results of retroflexion in pregnancy?

3. What are the consequences of incarceration of the womb in pregnancy if left to nature?

4. What is inevitable abortion? Give treatment.

5. How would you treat extra-uterin pregnancy by electricity, and how long should you continue the treatment? 6. Give definition of eclampsia Give treatment.

7. What are the causes of secondary postpartum hemorrhage? Give treatment.

8. How would you proceed to apply the forceps if the head had become separated from the body?

2. Name the four principal parts of the brain, and their relative position in the cranium and to each other.

3. Name the three divisions of the innominate bone.

4. Give the origin and insertion of pronator radii teres.

5. Give origin and insertion of the sertorius.

6. Thru what opening does the auditory nerve enter the temporal bone?

7. From the lower border of what muscle does the posterior tibial artery begin? Where and into what arteries does it divide? What veins and nerves accompany it?

8. What veins compose the portal system or vena portæ ? And from where do they return the blood?

9. What is the great omentum?

10. Locate the thyroid gland.

PHYSIOLOGY.

1. From what layer or layers of the blastoderm is the liver developt?

2. Describe the phenomena of the coagulation of the blood. 3. What nerves control the action of the heart?

4. Describe the difference in the function of an afferent nerve and an efferent nerve.

5. What is the function of the lymphatic system? 6. Describe the mechanism of respiration and state on what the movement of the lungs depends.

7. Describe the systemic circulation of the blood. The pulmonary circulation.

8. Describe the changes that take place in the blood during its passage thru the capillaries of the lungs.

9. What is the function of the cerebellum?

10. Name the different secretions found in the alimentary canal, beginning at the mouth.

BACTERIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY.

1. Describe the mechanism of infectiv processes.

2. How would you diagnosticate a case of typhoid fever from tuberculosis of the intestinal tract by bacteriological methods?

3. How would you determine by bacteriological methods if a specimen of drinking water was pure?

4. Describe the bacillus anthracis.

5. What is a parasite? What is a saphrophyte?

6. What is the morbid anatomy of progressiv muscular atrophy?

7. Give a brief outline of the process of inflammation.

8. What is amyloid degeneration?

9. What are the blood changes in leukemia?

10. What is cicatrization?

How Hoosiers Die.

The Indiana Board of Health has issued a bulletin, in which is given the total deaths and causes of death for the past year in the State. There were 35,453 deaths, tuberculosis having the highest number with 4,601. Pneumonia followed with 2,655, cholera infantum 2,049, and typhoid fever had 1,320 deaths marked up against it, cancer claimed 1,110 victims, Bright's disease 1,137, and old age 1,005. There were 196 suicides, poison being the favorit method of ending life. There were 251 deaths from railroad accidents, 165 by burns, 122 accidentally shot, 135 accidental drownings, 11 by sunstroke and 4 by freezing. Paralysis claimed 1,109 victims, while appoplexy claimed 1,056.

It would be interesting to compare the above figures with reports from other States.

The Modern Doctor's Education.

When he was twenty-five years old our doctor graduated,
And men of commonplace ideas pronounced him educated;
But he took three years of travel to learn the new pathology,
To study skin in old Vienna and Koch's bacteriology.
Then came a hard post-graduate course which took him
three years longer:

Then tho his health was very poor, his intellect was stronger.
His physical condition now approached emaciation,
His fraters ordered two years' rest for his recuperation.

Then polyclinics, it took three years their mysteries to un

ravel,

And then to study foreign modes, three more long years for travel.

When he returned his big mustache with long gray hairs was threaded,

He'd lost his eyesight long before, and now was quite baldheaded.

Differential Diagnosis between Papulo-Squa

mous Syphiloderm and Psoriasis.

PAPULO-SQUAMOUS

SYPHILODerm.

History of syphilis.

Concomitant signs present.

Favorit seats, palms and soles.

Itching usually absent.

Multiformity of lesions; uniformity in size.

Scales scanty and dirty greyish.

Beneath scales, infiltrated, dull red papules.

PSORIASIS.

History, perhaps, of previous outbreaks.

No associated signs.

bows.

Itching present.

Uniformity of lesions; great variation in size.

Scales abundant, lamellar, and silvery.

Beneath the scales, flat, reddish patches.

-Schamberg; Diseases of the Skin. 1900. Gasoline as a Skin Cleanser.

Dr. Goldis, of Toronto, Canada, has been experimenting with gasoline as a disinfectant for the skin. Unsterilized skin, from a scraped area of two inches square, gave 173 colonies of germs; after soap and water scrubbing for five minutes, same area of same skin gave 20 colonies; after two minutes scrubbing with gasoline, same area of same skin gave 16 colonies. Gasoline poured over the skin, without rubbing, yielded but 84 colonies; after repeated scrubbing but seven colonies were obtainable. The examination of the skin under the microscope after soap and water scrubbing, and after gasoline scrubbing, showed that the gasoline cleansed much more perfectly all the hair follicles, sebaceous glands and sweat ducts. These investigations show that gasoline is an effi

cient rival of alcohol in disinfection of the

surgeon's hands. Both dissolve the fatty

matter which serve as a nidus for the

germs; but the gasoline is much the cheaper, and may be obtained at any village. A good scrubbing with gasoline, followed by a good scrubbing with soap and water, will make the doctor's hands safe for surgery or obstetrics. It is well to keep the nails well trimmed, and to use a hand brush, and to pay special attention to scrubbing the nails.

Formaldehyde Declared Poisonous.

The manufacturers of this article have strenuously insisted that it was absolutely non-toxic. They admitted the evident fact that it was very irritating to mucous membranes, but have always insisted that there could be no more grave results than

any degree of toxicity connected with the agent, and since it has thus quickly won favor in the eyes of physicians all over the world, a word of warning is necessary. If Fischer's experiments have brought him to true conclusions, immediate publicity should be given the entire matter. If he is in error, the manufacturers should meet his statements with absolute proof. The general practitioner does not have the time to test for himself the truth of all that is told him. Under the stress of circumstances he is compelled to assume that the statements of authorities are true and reliable. If everybody else is wrong, and Fischer is right, the profession cannot learn the truth too soon.

Fischer states that "inhalation of formaldehyde produces a markt inflammation of the respiratory tract." Injections into the stomach produce a variety of symptoms, and even sudden death. Apparently the intensity of the symptoms and the degree of histologic disturbances bear no direct relation to strength or quantity of formalin introduced. Intense congestion, extensiv necrosis and inflammatory reaction occur. Intra-peritoneal injections produce a fibrilo-hemorrhagic peritonitis of varying intensity, according to the strength of the solution. Subcutaneously injected, formalin produces a markt exudation and leucocytic infiltration. The eye is especially sensitiv to the action of formalin. A single drop of concentrated formalin may injure the eye permanently, due largely to an intense edema of the eyelids. Various degenerativ changes and focal necrosis are seen in the liver and kidneys, no matter where formalin is introduced into the body. Deleterious chemical action causes the changes seen in the organs distant from the point of injection.-Editorial, J. A. M. A.

The popular idea regarding its absolute safety has led to rather careless and indiscriminate prescribing and use, not only among the profession, but by druggists, undertakers and laity. It can, at least, do no harm to be careful. It has not yet

been proven of any value for internal medication. The intensely irritating effect of the vapor upon the lachry mal, nasal and bronchial mucous membranes would suggest the inadvisability of employing it internally. There is no danger in its vaporization, since it is impossible for one to remain in the fumes if any quantity is being used; but there is possibly grave danger in its internal administration in any quantity.-ED M. W.

What to Do and What Not to Do in Cholelithiasis.

Professor Kehr, in his Gall Stone Disease (Publisht by Blackiston's Son & Co., 1901), says: "I agree with Naunyn, that, in chronic recurrent cholelithiasis, it is well to precede operation by the 'Carlsbad Cure. I have no objection if after having tried this, he swallows olive oil in quantities; has the gall bladder electrized; massage, however, must be avoided under all circumstances. To knead and pound an inflamed organ is a sin which I forgive in an uneducated quack, but never in a scientific physician. If physicians imagin that by their skill in massage, they can push the stone forward into the choledochus, then they can have no inkling of the pathological anatomy of cholelithiasis. Puncture and expression of the gall bladder is a procedure to be totally discarded. Even the most brilliant operativ results, unclouded by a death, will not be able to banish chronic recurring cholelithiasis from the world; patients will again always first make a pilgrimage to Carlsbad. I realize also that all the pains of the surgeons to prove the uselessness of the Carlsbad water in such cases are for this reason futil, because mankind has a horror of chloroform and the knife. The dangers of an expectant treatment are greater than an operativ treatment.'

A New Defence in a Breach of Promise Suit. In the Supreme Court of Missouri, in the case of Trammel vs. Vaugh, the defendant made the plea that he was entitled to the privilege to annul the marriage contract because of his having contracted a "loathsome and contagious venereal disease," without his being at fault, between the time of the contract and the time set for the ceremony.

The court held that it is legally and morally wrong for a man while infected

with such a disease to marry; and that a man, for such cause, is entitled to demand a postponement of the marriage until he is cured. The idea that the ceremony should be performed and the consummation of the marriage postponed until he is cured is not only intolerable but also obnoxious to proper subservience of the public interests and morals. The state was held to be a third party to all marriage contracts, and to have the right to demand that neither party be suffering from any venereal disease which would jeopardize the health of either contracting party or their prospective offspring. To wilfully communicate a venereal disease was held to be cruelty and a ground for divorce, whether so stated in the statutory causes for action for divorce or not. It was also volunteered that intercourse with a woman, tho she was willing thereto, by a man suffering from a venereal disease would constitute the act a common assault, for the fraud would vitiate the

of the profession of the world; translations are being made into French and German. Eight new illustrations have been inserted, a number of new paragraphs added, and all thru the book one may find new touches. No other little book so completely makes plain this method. This edition has eighty six pages and an index. Every physician interested in eye work needs it. A. L. R.

The Students' Manual of Venereal Diseases. By F. R Sturgis, M.D., Some time Professor of Venereal Diseases in the Medical Department of the University of the City of New York, etc., and Follen Cabot, M.D., Instructor in GenitoUrinary and Venereal Diseases in Cornell University, GenitoUrinary Surgeon to Bellevue Hospital, Visiting Dermatologist to New York City (charity) Hospital, Lecturer on Venereal Diseases in the University of Vermont. Seventh edition, revised and partly rewritten. Publisht by P. Blakiston's Son & Co., 1012 Walnut street, Philadelphia, Pa., 1901. Price $1.25.

Two hundred and fifty pages and an index. The parts on chancroid and syphilis have been revised by Dr. Sturgis, and the chapters on gonorrhea by Dr. Cabot. Everything is up to date. The fame and success attained by former editions will not be diminisht by this one. Every general practitioner needs a small work on this subject. Many fail to obtain a book thru fear that only the larger works are thoro and complete. We can say that any capable physician can successfully conduct the gravest venereal case with the aid of this book. We have seldom seen a little book that we could commend so unreservedly. Every doctor who has not a late and large treatise on venereal troubles should purchase this work.-A. L. R.

Manual of the Diseases of Children. By John Madison Taylor, A.M., M.D., Professor of Diseases of Children, Philadelphia Polyclinic; Assistant Physician to the Children's Hospital and to the Orthopedic Hospital; Neurologist to the Howard Hospital; Consulting Physician to the Elwyn and Vineland Training Schools for Feeble Minded Children, etc., and Wm. H. Wells, M.D., Adjunct Professor of Obstetrics and Diseases of Infancy in the Philadelphia Polyclinic; Instructor in Obstetrics in the Jefferson Medical College, etc. Second edition, thoroly revised and enlarged. Illustrated. Publisht by P. Blakiston's Son & Co., Philadelphia, Penna., 1012 Walnut street, 1901. Price $4.50.

The first edition of Taylor & Wells placed the book in the front rank; this edition eclipses the first. The entire book is newly written, and much new matter added. Numerous repetitions and considerable useless matter has been eliminated. The articles on digestion and also those on diseases following birth have been thoroly revised. While the "authors" yet hold the title page, it is evident that other master hands have contributed faithfully. Considerable change is noted in articles touching upon Blood, Ear, Heart, Infectious Diseases, Nervous System, and Skin Troubles. Those who have done the work are mentioned in the preface; but the work is well done, and few physicians may profitably dispense with it. The suggestions on small pox, infant feeding, and intubation in diphtheria, overshadow any other feature in this or any other work. The doctor who has loaded his book shelves with books on children's diseases and pediatrics still needs this. We cannot criticise; we can only praise. The work is admirable in its execution; perfect in every detail; thoroly

up to the latest information; and in every way is worthy the attention of every doctor.-A.L.R.

A Compend of Human Physiology. Especially adapted for the use of medical students, by Albert P. Brubaker, A.M., M.D., Adjunct Professor of Physiology and Hygiene in the Jefferson Medical College; Professor of Physiology in the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery; Lecturer on Anatomy and Physiology in the Drexel Institute of Art, Science and Industry; Fellow of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia. Tenth edition, revised and enlarged. With illustrations and a table of physiological constants. Publisht by P. Blakiston's Son & Co., 1012 Walnut street, Philadelphia. Price, 80 cents, net.

This book has been well received by students of all colleges. Dr. Brubaker has condenst the matter admirably, and this edition contains a number of new paragraphs. It is particularly strong in having eliminated much matter not absolutely essential. Where any compend on physiology may be used successfully, this book will give satisfaction.-A. L. R.

Introduction to the Differential Diagnosis of the Separate Forms of Gallstone Disease, based upon his own experience in 433 laparotomies for gallstones. By Professor Hans Kehr, Halberstadt. An authorized translation by William Wolkins Seymour, A.B., Yale, M.D., Harvard; formerly Professor of Gynecology in the University of Vermont; Fellow of the American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; Surgeon to the Samaritan Hospital, Troy, N. Y., with an introduction by Professor Kehr. Publisht by P. Blakiston's Son & Co., Philadelphia, 1901. Price, $2.50, net.

The book is divided into two parts, and contains 365 pages of text, with an index. The translator speaks often from experience, having himself suffered from gallstones. He makes a plea for more consideration of gallstone surgery at the hands of American surgeons. He deplores the fact that many still "cherish the delusion that gallstones can be dissolved." Part First takes up the pathology and examination, special diagnosis, and treatment of cholelithiasis, and has 131 pages. Part second is devoted to clini

cal and operation histories, and has 198 pages, followed by a critical resume of 37 pages. Every reader will become a better diagnostician of this complaint. While the book is a plea for surgery, the author admits the possibility of a "Carlsbad Cure," but denies that there is any other alternativ beyond surgery. He dismisses olive oil, morphin, cholagogs and Durand's Mixture with scant mention. The surgeon will find it a valuable addition to his library; the physician will find no suggestions on treatment in it, beyond referring the case to a surgeon. At the same time, the suggestions on diagnosis make the work valuable to every practitioner. The language is ponderous and at times redundant, due to the effort of the translator to keep too close to the original German text. The book will undoubtedly sell well on account of its intrinsic merit A. L. R.