of the Holy Land, of the Remote Parts of Italy, and Ilands adjoyning. He settled in Virginia in 1621-31, and there completed his translation of Ovid's Metamorphoses (1621-26); after his return he lived chiefly at Boxley Abbey, near Maidstone. He also translated the Psalms, and paraphrased other passages of Scripture. Dryden is more in the right about Sandys than about Chapman when, after condemning Chapman's Homer, he says: 'And no better than thus has Ovid been served by the so-much-admired Sandys.' His book of travels reached a seventh edition in 1673, a success not undeserved by the author's varied experiences, his acute observation, and his shrewd and pointed comments. Most modern readers could dispense with the very exhaustive citations and translations from all the classical writers about any place he came to or even passed in his journey from Venice by the Ionian Islands and the Archipelago to Constantinople, by sea to Egypt, across the desert with a caravan to Palestine, and so back by Malta to Naples. Constantinople and its buildings, the government and manners of the Turks, are expounded with as much fullness as the history and peculiarities of Egypt. He explored the Great Pyramid and described his experiences within, and took elaborate measurements of the sacred buildings at Jerusalem, especially of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. The account of the experiments with the dog in the Grotto del Cane, of the cave of the Cumæan sibyl, and of the Lacus Avernus would still serve for a guide to the environs of Naples. And the numerous copperplate engravings seem to be from drawings specially made on the spot. Thus he describes his passage from Sicily by the Lipari Islands to the Calabrian coasts, with an account of tarantula spiders and other Calabrian specialties:

Of these there were seven (but now are eleven) almost of an equall magnitude. Yet Liparia is the greatest (being ten miles in circuite) as also the most famous; to which the other were subject: fruitful, and abounding with bitumen, sulphur, and allume, having also hot baths, much frequented by the diseased. In the yeere 1544 it was depopulated by the Turk: but Charles the fifth replanted it with Spaniards, and fortified the place. The fire here went out about an age ago, having (as is to be supposed) consumed the matter that fed it. Vulcano and Strombolo (of which we will onely speak) do now onely burne. Vulcano receiveth that name from his nature, consecrated formerly to Vulcan, and called his mansion. It is said but first to have appeared above water about the time that Scipio Africanus died. A barren Iland, stony, and uninhabited. It had three tunnels whereat it evaporated fire, but now hath but one: out of which it smoketh continually, and casts out stones with a horrible roaring. In the yeere of our Lord 1444 on the fifth of February, it flamed so abundantly, and flung forth fire and stones with such an hideous noyse, that not only the rest of the Ilands, but all Sicilia trembled thereat. Perhaps the last blaze; for now flame it doth not, but retaineth the rest of his terrors. Now Strombolo, called formerly Strongyle, of the rotundity

thereof (for all is no other then a high round mountaine) doth burne almost continually at the top like a Beacon, and exceeding cleerely: so that by night it is to be discerned a wonderfull way. These places (and such like) are commonly affirmed by the Romane Catholickes to be the jawes of hell: & that within the damned soules are tormented. It was told me at Naples by a countrey man of ours and an old pentioner of the Popes, who was a youth in the dayes of King Henry, that it was then generally bruited thorowout England, that master Gresham, a merchant, setting saile from Palermo (where there then dwelt one Anthonio called the Rich, who at one time had 2 kingdomes morgaged unto him by the King of Spaine), being crossed by contrary winds, was constrained to anchor under the lee of this Iland. Now about mid-day, when for certaine houres it accustomedly forbeareth to flame, he ascended the mountaine with eight of the sailers and approching as neere the vent as they durst, amongst other noises they heard a voice crie aloud, Dispatch, dispatch, the rich Antonio is a comming. Terrified herewith they descended: and anon the mountaine againe evaporated fire. But from so dismall a place they made all the haste that they could: when the winds stil thwarting their course, and desiring much to know more of this matter, they returned to Palermo. And forthwith enquiring of Antonio, it was told them that he was dead; and computing the time, did finde it to agree with the very instant that the voice was heard by them. Gresham reported this at his returne to the King: and the mariners being called before him confirmed by oath the narration. In Gresham himselfe, as this Gentleman said (for I no otherwise report it), it wrought so deepe an impression that he gave over all traffique: distributing his goods, a part to his kinsfolke & the rest to good uses, retaining onely a competency for himselfe and so spent the rest of his life in a solitary devotion.

All the day following we staid at Scylla, the winds not favouring us. My Spanish comrads were very harsh to me (for in these parts they detest the English, & think us not Christian), but when upon their demand I told them that I was no Lutheran, they exceeded on the other side in their courtesy. One of them had bin in the voiage of eighty eight; and would say that it was not we but the windes that overthrew them. On the third of July we departed, and landed that night at Aupage. Hereabout (as throughout this part of Calabria) are great store of Tarantulas: a serpent peculiar to this countrey, and taking that name from the Citie of Tarentum. Some hold them to be of the kind of spiders, others of effts; but they are greater then the one, and lesse then the other, and (if that were a Tarantula which I have seene) not greatly resembling either. For the head of this was smal, the legs slender and knottie, the bodie light, the taile spiny, and the colour dun, intermixed with spots of a sullied white. They lurke in sinkes, and privies, and abroad in the slimy filth betweene furrowes; for which cause the country people doe reape in bootes. The sting is deadly, and the contrary operations thereof most miraculous. For some so stung, are still oppressed with a leaden sleepe: others are vexed with continued waking, some fling up and downe, and others are extremely lazy. He sweats, a second vomits, a third runnes mad. Some weepe continually, and some laugh continually, and that is the most usuall. Insomuch that it is an ordinary saying to a man that is extraordinarily merrie, that he hath bene stung by a Tarantula. Hereupon not a few

:

have thought, that there are as many kindes of Tarantulas, as severall affections in the infected. But as overliberall cups doe not worke with all in one manner, but according to each mans nature and constitution : some weepe, some laugh, some are tongue-tide, some all tongue, some sleepe, some leape over tables, some kisse, and some quarrell: even so it falles out with those that are bitten. The merry, the mad, and otherwise actively disposed, are cured by musicke; at least it is the cause, in that it incites them to dance indefatigably for by labour and sweate the poyson is expelled. And musicke also by a certaine high excellency hath bene found by experience to stirre in the sad and drowsie so strange an alacritie, that they have wearied the spectators with continued dancing. In the meane time the paine hath asswaged, the infection being driven from the heart, and the mind released of her sufferance. If the musicke intermit the maladie renewes, but againe continued and it vanisheth. And objects of wonder have wrought the same effects in the franticke. A Bishop of this countrey passing in the high way, and clothed in red: one bit by a Tarantula, hooting thereat, fell a dancing about him. The offended Bishop commanded that he should be kept backe, and made haste away. But the people did instantly intreate him to have compassion of the poore distressed wretch; who would forthwith die, unlesse he stood still and suffered him to continue in that exercise. So shame or importunity enforced him to stay, untill by dancing certaine houres together the afflicted person became perfectly cured.

The fourth of July we rowed against the wind, and could reach no further then Castilion: where the highwrought seas detained us the day following. Our churlish Oast, because we sent for such things to the towne whereof he had none, made us also fetch our water from thence, it being a mile off: though he had in his house a plentifull fountaine. And I thinke there are not that professe Christ a more uncivil people then the vulgar Calabrians. Over land there is no travelling without assured pillage, and hardly to be avoided murder; although all that you have about you (and that they know it) be not worth a Dollar. Wherefore the common passage is by sea, in this manner as we passed now. Along the shore there are many of these Ostarias: but most of the townes are a good way removed, and mounted on hils with not easie accesses. Divers small forts adjoyne to the sea, and watch-towers thorowout. For the Turkes not seldome made incursions by night lurking in the day time about those uninhabited Ilands. Under these forts we nightly haled up our boate, and slept in our clothes on the sand. And our fare was little better then our lodging: Tunny, onions, cucumbers and melons being our ordinary viands. Not but that we might have had better: but the souldiers were thriftie, and I was loth to exceed them. For there being but onely one house at a place, they sold every thing, not according to the worth, but to the necessitie of the buyer. But Mulberries we might gather, & eate of free cost: dangerously unwholesome if not pulled from the trees before Sunne rise. Of them there are here every where an infinite number: in so much that more silke is made in Calabria then besides in all Italie. And from the leaves of those that grow higher on the mountaines (for the Appenine stretcheth along the midst of this countrey) they gather plenty of Manna, the best of all other which falls thereon like a dew in the night

time. Here a certaine Calabrian hearing that I was at English man, came to me, and would needs perswade me that I had insight in magicke: for that Earle Bothe was my countryman, who lives at Naples, and is in those parts famous for suspected negromancie. He told me that he had treasure hidden in his house; the quantitie and qualitie shewne him by a boy, upon the conjuration of a Knight of Malta: and offered to share betweene us, if I could helpe him unto it. But I answered, that in England we were at defiance with the divel; and that he would do nothing for us.

The voiage of eighty eight is the Spanish Armada of that year. the tarantula is really a large and venomous spider, the effects of whose bite have been grossly exaggerated-tarantism, or the dancing mania, was apparently a hysterical affection; estaria ( is a hostelry; the fifth Earl of Bothwell, the nephew of Qee Mary's Bothwell, died at Naples in great poverty in 1624, after a life of hare-brained adventure.

Thomas Coryate (1577?-1617) was born at Odcombe, Somersetshire; entered Gloucester Hall Oxford, in 1596, but left without a degree; and after James I.'s accession lived by his wits about court. In 1608 he set out on a rambling journey on the Continent, passing through Paris, Lyors, Turin, Venice, Zurich, Strasburg, Worms, Speier. Cologne, &c., and returning five months later with a record of 1975 miles, mostly on foot. His entertaining journal was at last published in 1611. with a collection of commendatory verses, as Coryat's Crudities: Hastily gobled up in Fr Moneths Travells in France, Savoy, Italy, Rhetti, Helvetia, High Germanie, and the Netherlands Next year, after dedicating his travel-worn shoes in his native church, he started again on his travels, visited Constantinople, Greece, Smyrna Alexandria, and the Holy Land, and found hs way by caravan to Mesopotamia, thence through Persia and Afghanistan to Agra, where he arrive in October 1616. In the December of the following year he died at Surat. The name Cruditie‹ does injustice to his record of his Continental tour; for though Coryate was scatter-brained, conceited, and pragmatical, he was a shrewd observer and sorething of a scholar; and in 'meteing' churches, describing monuments, and copying inscriptions f all kinds verbatim, he took vastly more troube than the average modern globe-trotter, and s book, though lop-sided enough, contains much quaint and interesting information. He notes bis first sight of storks and ostriches, of table-forks and umbrellas; his first experience of frogs as a dainty, and his modified approval of German beds. He is careful to tell all the famous me any place has given birth to or sheltered, ana digests the substance of its mediaeval hist from Sebastian Münster or other learned wre The story of William Tell and the Swiss ris against the Austrians he gives partly from Munst partly from the oral communications of Switzers At Strasburg he describes at great length the towe and spire of the cathedral, and the famous cli inside. Like contemporary Englishmen, he h a great abhorrence of popery, but seems to ha

got on pleasantly with all kinds of 'papists' but Spaniards, whom he carefully avoided as collectively agents of the Inquisition thirsting for the blood of a Protestant; and he is generally careful and conscientious in distinguishing what he saw from what he heard about. He at times shows a reasonable scepticism about what he is told, yet confidently accepts as proved and authentic the tale of a cruel lady near Leyden, in the fourteenth century, who, in consequence of a curse she brought on herself by insolence and hardheartedness, brought forth 365 children at one birth, all of whom incontinently died the day they came into the world. The best of Catholics could hardly tell with more particularity or apparent faith the tale of the three kings of Colen (Cologne; the Magi of the New Testament), or of St Ursula and her eleven thousand martyred British virgins, 'because she was my country woman.' Of the earlier travels of this entertaining wanderer we have only incomplete record, part of his journal only having been preserved. Some of it is given in Purchas his Pilgrimes such as a visit to the ruins of Troy (with the assistance of a 'druggerman'), the method of performing circumcision, and the exercitation of the howling and dancing dervishes in Constantinople. He learnt Turkish, Persian, and Arabic, and on occasion made speeches in Persic to 'Shah Jehan-jir, the Mogoll,' son of Akbar the Great. Oddly, though he praises Germany hyperbolically, he did not acquire High Dutch enough to speak with the vulgar. He seems to have got on as comfortably with Mohammedans as with Jesuits; he 'spent in his ten moneths travels betwixt Aleppo and the Moguls Court but three pounds sterling, yet fared reasonable well every daie; victuals being so cheape in some countries where I travelled that I sometimes lived competently for a pennie a daie; yet of that three pound I was cousened of no lesse than ten shillings sterling by certaine lewde christians of the Armenian Nation.'

Forks.

Here I wil mention a thing that might have been spoken of before in discourse of the first Italian town. I observed a custome in all those Italian cities and townes through the which I passed, that is not used in any other country that I saw in my travels, neither doe I thinke that any other nation of Christendome doth use it, but only Italy. The Italian and also most strangers that are commorant in Italy doe alwaies at their meales use a little forke when they cut their meate. For while with their knife which they hold in one hand they cut the meate out of the dish, they fasten their forke which they hold in their other hand upon the same dish, so that whatsoever he be that, sitting in the company of any others at meale, should unadvisedly touch the dish of meate with his fingers from which all at the table doe cut, he will give occasion of offence unto the company, as having transgressed the lawes of good manners, in so much that for his

error he shall be at the least brow-beaten, if not reprehended in wordes. This forme of feeding I understand is generally used in all places of Italy, their forkes being for the most part made of yron or steele, and some of silver, but those are used only by gentlemen. The reason of this their curiosity is, because the Italian cannot by any means endure to have his dish touched with fingers, seing all mens fingers are not alike cleane. Hereupon I my self thought good to imitate the Italian fashion by this forked cutting of meate, not only while I was in Italy, but also in Germany, and oftentimes in England since I came home: being once quipped for that frequent using of my forke by a certain learned gentleman, a familiar friend of mine, one M. Laurence Whitaker, who in his merry humour doubted not to call me at table furcifer, only for using a forke at feeding, but for no other cause [the furcifer being, in Roman usage, a criminal condemned to bear on his shoulders a furca, a heavy fork or cross of wood].

Fried Frogs.

In this citie [Cremona] are made passing good swords as in most places of Italy. The Augustinian monkes have the stateliest library for workmanship (as the aforesaid Sartorius told me) that is in all Italy; therefore I went thither to see it, but because I came so late, even about nine of the clocke at night, I had not the opportunity to view it. I did eate fried frogges in this citie, which is a dish much used in many cities of Italy: they were so curiously dressed, that they did exceedingly delight my palat, the head and the forepart being cut off.

Theatres.

I was at one of their play-houses [in Venice], where I saw a comedie acted. The house is very beggarly and base in comparison of our stately play-houses in England : neyther can their actors compare with us for apparell, shewes and musick. Here I observed certaine things that I never saw before. For I saw women acte, a thing that I never saw before, though I have heard that it hath beene sometimes used in London, and they performed it with as good a grace, action, gesture, and whatsoever convenient for a player, as ever I saw any masculine actor. Also their noble and famous cortezans came to this comedy, but so disguised, that a man cannot perceive them. . . . They were so graced that they sate on high alone by themselves in the best roome of all the play-house.

German Beds.

The beds of the innes of this city [Zürich] and of all the other Helvetian and German cities are very strange, such as I never saw before; the like being in the private houses of every particular citizen as I heard. For evere man hath a light downe, or very soft feather bedde laid upon him, which keepeth him very warme, and is nothing offensive for the burden. For it is exceeding light, and serveth for the coverled of the bedde. In the refectory of that inne where I lay (which was at the signe of the two Storkes), there is a stove, such a one as I have before mentioned in my observations of Padua, which is so common a thing in all the houses of Switzerland and Germany (as I have before said) that no house is without it. I found them first in Rhetia, even in the city of Curia [Chur or Coire].

Bishop Hatto.

The

But the third thing that is reported of this towne [Bing, i.e. Bingen] is a thing passing memorable and very worthy the observation; such a wondrous and rare accident as I never read or heard of the like before. Therefore I will relate it in this place out of Munster, for one of the most notable examples of Gods justice that ever was extant in the whole world since the first creation thereof. It hapned in the yeare 914 that there was an exceeding famine in Germany, at what time Otho, surnamed the Great, was emperor, and one Hatto, once Abbot of Fulda, was Archbishop of Mentz, of the bishops after Crescens or Crescentius the two and thirtieth, of the archbishops after St Bonifacius the thirteenth. This Hatto, in the time of this great famine before mentioned, when he saw the poore people of the country exceedingly oppressed with famine, assembled a great company of them together into a barne, and like a most accursed & mercilesse caitiffe burnt up those poore innocent soules, that were so farre from doubting any such matter, that they rather hoped to have received some comfort and relief at his hands. reason that moved the prelate to commit that execrable impiety was because he thought that the famine would the sooner cease, if those unprofitable beggars that consumed more bread then they were worthy to eate were dispatched out of the world. For he said that these poore folkes were like to mice, that were good for nothing but to devour corne. But Almighty God, the just revenger of the poore folks quarrel, did not long suffer this hainous tyranny, this most detestable fact unpunished. For he mustered up an army of mice against the archbishop, and sent them to persecute him as his furious Alastors, so that they afflicted him both day and night, and would not suffer him to take his rest in any place. Whereupon the prelate thinking that he should be secure from the injury of mice if he were in a certaine tower that standeth in the Rhene neere to the towne, betooke himself unto the said tower as to a safe refuge and sanctuary from his enemies, and locked himselfe in. But the innumerable troupes of mice continually chaced him very eagerly, and swumme unto him upon the top of the water to execute the just judgement of God, and so at last he was most miserably devoured by those silly creatures; who pursued him with such bitter hostility, that it is recorded they scraped and gnawed off his very name from the walls and tapestry wherein it was written, after they had so cruelly devoured his bodie. Wherefore the tower in which he was eaten up by the mice is shewed to this day for a perpetuall monument to al succeeding ages of the barbarous and inhuman tyranny of that impious prelate, being situate in a little greene iland in the middest of the Rheene, neere to this towne of Bing, and is commonly called in the Germane tongue the Mowse turn [Ger. Mause-thurm, 'mouse-tower;' probably a corruption of Mauth-thurm, 'tax-tower'].

Pronunciation of Latin.

I observed another thing also in the Italians pronouncing of the Latin tongue, which though I might have mentioned before in the description of some of the other Italian cities; yet seing I have hitherto omitted it, I will here make mention thereof rather then not at al, because this is the last city [Bergamo] of Italy that I shall describe in this journey. The Italian

when he uttereth any Latin word wherein this letter i is to be pronounced long, doth alwaies pronounce it as a double e, viz. as ee. As for example: he pronounceth fecdes for fides: veeta for vita: ameecus for amicus, &c.; but where the is not to be pronounced long be uttereth it as we doe in England, as in these wordes, impius, aquila, patria, Ecclesia: not aqueela, patrees, Eccleseca. And this pronunciation is so generall in all Italy that every man which speaketh Latin soundeth a double e for an i Neither is it proper to Italy only, but to all other nations whatsoever in Christerdome saving to England. For whereas in my travels I discoursed in Latin with Frenchmen, Germans, Spaniards, Danes, Polonians, Suecians, and divers others, I observed that every one with whom I had any conference, pronounced the after the same manner that the Italians use. Neither would some of them (amongst whom I was not a little inquisitive for the reason of this their pronunciation) sticke to affirme that Plautus, Terence, Cicero, Hortensis, Cæsar, and those other selected flowers of eloquence amongst the auncient Romans, pronounced the in that sort as they themselves doe. Whereupon having observed such a general consent amongst them in the pronunciation of this letter, I have thought good to imitate these nations herein, and to abandon my old English pronunciation of vita, fides, and amicus, as being utterly dissonant from the sound of all other nations; and have determined (God willing) to retayne the same till my dying day.

John Taylor (1580-1653), a London waterman, who styled himself 'The King's Majesty's Water Poet,' was one of the most voluminous of city rhymesters. A native of Gloucester, he became a waterman in London, but was impressed into the navy and served at the siege of Cadiz. He resumed plying on the Thames, then kept a public-house at Oxford, and latterly an inn in London. The most memorable incident in his career was travelling in 1618 on foot from London to Edinburgh, 'not carrying any money to or fro, neither begging, borrowing, or asking meat, drink, or lodging.' He took with him, however, a servant on horseback, and contrived to get an extraordinary amount of hospitality, good-will, and good cheer. From Ben Jonson. whom he met at Leith, he received a present of 'a piece of gold of two and twenty shillings to drink his health in England.' He made also a considerable excursion into the north of Scotland, as the Earl of Mar's guest in Braemar. Of this journey Taylor wrote an account, entitled The Penniless Pilgrimage, or the Moneyless Perambulation of John Taylor, alias the King's Majesty's Water Poet, &c. 1618. This tract is partly in prose and partly in verse. Of the latter, the following is a favourable specimen :

In the Borders.

Eight miles from Carlisle runs a little river,
Which England's bounds from Scotland's grounds doth

sever.

Without horse, bridge, or boat I o'er did get ; On foot I went, yet scarce my shoes did wet.

I being come to this long-looked-for land,

Did mark, re-mark, note, re-note, viewed and scanned;
And I saw nothing that could change my will,
But that I thought myself in England still.
The kingdoms are so nearly joined and fixed,
There scarcely went a pair of shears betwixt ;
There I saw sky above, and earth below,
And as in England there, the sun did shew;
The hills with sheep replete, with corn the dale,
And many a cottage yielded good Scottish ale.
This county, Annandale, in former times,

Was the cursed climate of rebellious crimes :
For Cumberland and it, both kingdoms' borders,
Were ever ordered by their own disorders,

Some sharking, shifting, cutting throats, and thieving,
Each taking pleasure in the other's grieving;
And many times he that had wealth to-night,
Was by the morrow morning beggared quite.
Too many years this pell-mell fury lasted,

That all these Borders were quite spoiled and wasted ;
Confusion, hurly-burly, reigned and revelled;
The churches with the lowly ground were levelled;
All memorable monuments defaced,

All places of defence o'erthrown and razed;
That whoso then did in the Borders dwell,

Lived little happier than those in hell.

But since the all-disposing God of heaven
Hath these two kingdoms to one monarch given,
Blest peace and plenty on them both have showered;
Exile and hanging hath the thieves devoured,
That now each subject may securely sleep,
His sheep and neat, the black, the white, doth keep.
For now these crowns are both in one combined,
Those former Borders that each one confined,
Appears to me, as I do understand,

To be almost the centre of the land;
This was a blessed Heaven-expounded riddle,
To thrust great kingdoms' skirts into the middle.
Long may the instrumental cause survive!
From him and his succession still derive
True heirs unto his virtues and his throne,
That these two kingdoms ever may be one!

Of Taylor's prose narrative, perhaps the most interesting portion now is an account of a great deer-hunt which he witnessed at the 'Brae of Mar,' at which were present the Earls of Mar, Moray, Buchan, Enzie, with their countesses; Lord Erskine, Sir William Murray of Abercairney, 'and hundreds of others, knights, esquires, and their followers':

A Deer-hunt in Braemar.

Once in the year, which is the whole month of August, and sometimes part of September, many of the nobility and gentry of the kingdom, for their pleasure, do come into these Highland countries to hunt, when they do conform themselves to the habit of the Highlandmen, who for the most part speak nothing but Irish, and in former times were those people which were called the Red-shanks. Their habit is shoes with but one sole apiece, stockings (which they call short hose) made of a warm stuff of divers colours, which they call tartan. As for breeches, many of them, nor their forefathers, never wore any, but a jerkin of the same stuff that their hose is of, their garters being bands or wreaths of hay or

straw, with a plaid about their shoulders, which is a mantle of divers colours, of much finer and lighter stuff than their hose, with blue flat caps on their head, a handkerchief knit with two knots about their neck, and thus are they attired. Now, their weapons are long bows and forked arrows, swords and targets, harquebusses, muskets, dirks, and Lochaber axes.

My good lord of Mar having put me into that shape [costume], I rode with him from his house, where I saw the ruins of an old castle, called the castle of Kindroghit [Castleton]. It was built by king Malcolm Canmore for a hunting-house: it was the last house I saw in those parts; for I was the space of twelve days after before I saw either house, corn-field, or habitation for any creature but deer, wild horses, wolves, and such-like creatures, which made me doubt that I should ever have seen a house again.

Thus the first day we travelled eight miles, where there were small cottages, built on purpose to lodge in, which they call lonchards. I thank my good Lord Erskine, he commanded that I should always be lodged in his lodging, the kitchen being always on the side of a bank, many kettles and pots boiling, and many spits turning and winding, with a great variety of cheer-as venison; baked, sodden, roast, and stewed beef; mutton, goats, kid, hares, fresh salmon, pigeons, hens, capons, chickens, partridge, moor-coots, heath-cocks, capercailzies, and termagants [ptarmigans]; good ale, sack, white and claret, tent [Alicante], with most potent Aqua

vita.

All these and more than these we had continually in superfluous abundance, caught by Falconers, Fowlers, Fishers, and brought by my Lord's tenants and purveyors to victual our Camp, which consisted of fourteen or fifteen hundred men and horses. The manner of the hunting is this: five or six hundred men do rise early in the morning, and do disperse themselves divers ways, and seven or eight miles' compass; they do bring or chase in the deer in many herds (two, three, or four hundred in a herd) to such or such a place as the Nobleman shall appoint them; then when day is come, the Lords and gentlemen of their companies do ride or go to the said places, sometimes wading up to their middles through bournes and rivers; and then, they being come to the place, do lie down on the ground, till those foresaid scouts, which are called the Tinchel, do bring down the deer. . . . Then, after we had stayed three hours or thereabouts, we might perceive the deer appear on the hills round about us (their heads making a show like a wood), which, being followed close by the Tinchel, are chased down into the valley where we lay. Then all the valley on each side being waylaid with a hundred couple of strong Irish greyhounds, they are let loose as the occasion serves upon the herd of deer, so that, with dogs, guns, arrows, dirks, and daggers, in the space of two hours, fourscore fat deer were slain, which after are disposed of some one way and some another, twenty and thirty miles, and more than enough left for us to make merry withal at our rendezvous.

Various journeys and voyages were made by Taylor, and duly described by him in short occasional tracts such as Travell in Germanie (1617), Travels to Prague in Bohemia (1620), and The Praise of Hempseed (1620), the story of a ridiculous voyage from London to Queenborough,