1323 and 1767 but other practitioners have greatly increased this lift.

Lime-kilns throw off large quantities of fixed air; and those who incautiously lay themselves down either on the walls of the kiln, or so near as to be exposed to the vapour which rifes from the burning lime-ftone, often experience its pernicious effects. Some years ago, I remember a poor family, fays Dr. FALCONER of Bath, who lodged in a room adjoining to a lime-kiln; during the night, the vapour of the burning lime made its way into the room, and the four persons of which the family confifted were all killed. In the morning they were found lying as in a compofed fleep, without any appearance of having gone through either pain or struggle.

In the spring of the year 1778, two disorderly young women, after rambling about the town for a confiderable part of the night, crept early in the morning into a little hovel which was contiguous to a lime-kiln. The kiln was charged and burning, and the vapour of the lime was forced through fome crevices into the hovel. After fome hours, the man who had the care of the kiln came to look after his work, and finding these women as he supposed asleep, went away without disturbing them. Some time after he returned, and feeing them

ftill in the fame place, endeavoured to awaken them, but in vain; they were cold and motionless. In one there did not appear to be the least remains of life; and in the other there was only a flight and indistinct movement about the heart. This patient was foon conveyed to the hofpital. By proper means fhe was recovered, and ran away from the hospital, without expreffing the least sense of gratitude for the care and humanity which had been exercised towards her. The other was not conveyed to the hofpital fo early, and the fame means were used, but without fuccess.

The most neat and delicate perfon, after having paffed the night in his bed-chamber, does not, when he awakes, discover any faint fmell in his room: but if he quits it only for a few minutes, and returns to it, after having been in the open air, and before fresh air has been admitted, he will quickly discern an effential difference.

If these evils arise from animal effluvia, in apartments frequented by the opulent, nice, and elegant, who have the means and difpofition to promote neatness and cleanlinefs; how much more injurious muft ftagnant air be in the hovels of the indigent, who are deftitute of all the conveniences, and many of the neceffaries, of life.

In

In order to be fatisfied of the truth of this obfervation, we need only look into the great manufacturing towns, where we fhall find a puny degenerate race of people, weak and fickly all their lives, seldom exceeding the middle period of life; or if they do, being unfit for business, they become a burthen to fociety. Thus arts and manufactures, though they may increase the riches of a country, are by no means favourable to the health of its inhabitants.

UNWHOLESOME AIR, fays Dr. BUCHAN, author of the Domeftic Medicine (a work fhewing accurate obfervation, and great experience, but incapable of forming the practitioner *), is a very common caufe of disease.

*This work always puts me in mind of the Edinburgh Pharmacopaja Pauperum, and the Hereditary Shop I found in Ireland where each drawer containing medicines was carefully labelled. "For FEVERS, FITS, SORE EYES, &c.!" When Dr. who gave his advice for one fhilling, died at Marlborough, his STABLE-BOY married his widow, and continued in his house, and therefore naturally succeeded to his business. Unfortunately the prefcription-book of the deceased was not titled, and a patient would therefore frequently come for a cure of the gripes, and he was given JALAP; for vomiting, and he had ANTIMONIAL WINE; for pain in the ftomach, whether arifing from wind or inflammation, and he had PEPPERMINT WATER; and the doles were the fame, however the conftitutions might differ. The late celeDr. HUGH SMITH used to robe a man of an impofing countenance, who, when he was abfent at a fox-chafe, heard his home patients with fignificant attention,

and

difeafe. Few, fays he, are aware of the danger arifing from bad air. People generally pay fome fmall attention to what they eat and drink; but seldom regard what goes into the lungs, though the latter proves often more fuddenly fatal than the former.

and would take out the Doctor's prescription, which was previously written, and receive the fee. When a firanger came on fuch days he was defired to go to the PLACEBO drawer in the next room. Seeing, at laft, How EASY IT WAS TO BE A DOCTOR, this man tranfcribed thefe formula, and fet up for himself. But being afterwards taken very bad, he did not hazard on himself one of the fiolen formula, and fortunately for fociety he was taken off by this disease, but not before he had set up his chariot. SMITH'S FORMULA are now published, and was bought lately at an auction, lotted with KILLING NO MURDER, for two shillings.

The province of every teacher of phyfic is to difcover and explain the causes of disease, as well as the remedies. Thus JAUNDICE is an obftruction of the gall duct. This duct is of the fize of a crow quill. It may be obstructed,

As there are five caufes of this disease enumerated, no one remedy a fpecific, applicable to every cafe of jaundice, and it is therefore at least four to one against the patient in the hands of an unskilful practitioner. This equally applies to every other disease. Dr. RowLEY defcribes no less than ONE HUNDRED and EIGHTEEN principal diseases of the eye. Neither is knowledge fufficient of itself: for 1 doubt much whether even Sir ISAAC NEWTON would have fupplanted the fimple fteerfman in the conduct of a veífel.

If fresh air, continues this benevolent, but unphilofophic writer, be neceffary for persons in health, it is ftill more fo for fuch as labour under disease, who often lose their lives by those methods, which an over anxious care too frequently contrives in the chambers of the fick. The notion that their rooms must be kept very close, is fo common that we can hardly enter the chamber, where a patient lies, without being ready to faint, from the noxious air in the room. How this must act on the fick is left for the difcerning to judge. To me, it appears, fays he, that no medicine is fo beneficial as a cautious and diftant admiffion of fresh air. WHEN ADMINISTERED

WITH PRUDENCE IT IS THE MOST REVIVING OF ALL

CORDIALS.

SECT.