One day and night; in all their vast survey More plenty than the Sun that barren shines; Whose virtue on itself works no effect, Yet not to Earth are those bright luminaries Officious; but to thee, Earth's habitant. The Maker's high magnificence, who built So spacious, and his line stretch'd out so far, That better might with far less compass move, That man may know he dwells not in his own; Serv'd by more noble than herself, attains An edifice too large for him to fill, So spake our sire, and by his countenance seem'd That lo corporeal substances could add Who since the morning-hour set out from Heaven With lowliness majestic from her seat, Where God resides, and ere mid-day arriv'd Invalid that which thee to doubt it mov'd; God, to remove his ways from human sense, If it presume, might err in things too high, Her husband the relater she preferr'd And no advantage gain. What if the Sun Before the angel, and of him to ask Be centre to the world ; and other stars, Chose rather ; he, she knew, would intermix By his attractive virtue and their own Grateful digressions, and solve high dispute Incited, dance about him various rounds ? With conjugal caresses; from his lip Their wandering course now high, now low, then hid, Not words alone pleas'd her. O! when meet now Progressive, retrograde, or standing still, Such pairs, in love and mutual honor join'd? In six thou seest ; and what if seventh to these With goddess-like demeanor forth she went, The planet Earth, so stedfast though she seem, Not unattended ; for on her, as queen, Insensibly three different motions move? A pomp of winning graces waited still, Which else to several spheres thou must ascribe, And from about her shot darts of desire Mov'd contrary with thwart obliquities ; Into all eyes, to wish her still in sight. Or save the Sun his labor, and that swift And Raphael now, to Adam's doubt propos'd, Nocturnal and diurnal rhomb suppos'd, Benevolent and facile thus replied. Invisible else above all stars, the wheel “ To ask or search, I blame thee not; for Heaven Of day and night; which needs not thy belief, Is as the book of God before thee set, If Earth, industrious of herself, fetch day Wherein to read his wondrous works, and learn Travelling east, and with her part averse His seasons, hours, or days, or months, or years: From the Sun's beam meet night, her other part This to attain, whether Heaven move or Earth, Still luminous by his ray. What if that light, Imports not, if thou reckon right, the rest Sent from her through the wide transpicuous air, From man or angel the great Architect To the terrestrial Moon be as a star, Did wisely to onceal, and not divulge Enlightening her by day as she by night His secrets to be scann'd by them who ought This Earth? reciprocal if land be there, Rather admire; or, if they list to try Fields and inhabitants : her spots thou seest Conjecture, he his fabric of the Heavens As clouds, and clouds may rain, and rain produce Hath left to their disputes, perhaps to move Fruits in her soften'd soil, for some to eat His laughter at their quaint opinions wide Allotted there: and other suns perhaps, Hereafter; when they come to model Heaven With their attendant moons, thou wilt descry And calculate the stars, how they will wield Communicating male and female light; The mighty frame; how build, unbuild, contrive Which two great sexes animate the world, To save appearances; how gird the sphere Stord in each orb perhaps with some that live. With centric and eccentric scribbled o'er, For euch vast room in Nature un possess'd Cycle and epicycle, orb in orb: By living soul, desert, and desolate, Already by thy reasoning this I guess, Only to shine, yet scarce to contribute Who art to lead thy offspring, and supposest Each orb a glimpse of light, convey'd so far That bodies bright and greater should not serve Down to this habitable, which returns The less not bright, nor Heaven such journeys run, Light back to them, is obvious to dispute. Earth sitting still, when she alone receives But whether thus these things, or whether not ; The benefit: consider first, that great Whether the Sun, predominant in Heaven, Or bright infers not excellence: the Earth, Rise on the Earth; or Earth rise on the Sun; Though, in comparison of Heaven, so small, He from the east his flaming road begin; Nor glistering, may of solid good contain Or she from west her silent course advance, ܪ With inoffensive pace that spinning sleeps Or enemy, while God was in his work; Lest he, incens'd at such eruption bold, Not that they durst without his leave attempt ; For state, as Sovran King; and to inure Wherever plac'd, let him dispose ; joy thou Our prompt obedience. Fast we found, fast shut, In what he gives to thee, this Paradise The dismal gates, and barricado'd strong; Ere sabbath-evening : so we had in charge. But thy relation now; for I attend, Not of Earth only, but of highest Heaven." Pleas'd with thy words no less than thou with mine." To whom thus Adam, clear'd of doubt, replied. So spake the godlike power, and thus our sire. " How fully hast thou satisfied me, pure " For Man to tell how human life began Intelligence of Heaven, angel serene! Is hard; for who himself beginning knew? And freed from intricacies, taught to live Desire with thee still longer to converse The easiest way; nor with perplexing thoughts Induc'd me. As new-wak'd from soundest sleep, To interrupt the sweet of life, from which Soft on the flowery herb I found me laid, God hath bid dwell far off all anxious cares, In balmy sweat; which with his beams the Sun And not molest us; unless we ourselves Soon dried, and on the reeking moisture fed. Seek them with wandering thoughts, and notions vain. Straight toward Heaven my wondering eyes I But apt the mind or fancy is to rove turn'd, l'ncheck’d, and of her roving is no end; And gaz'd awhile the ample sky; till, rais'd Till warn'd, or by experience taught, she learn, By quick instinctive motion, up I sprung, That not to know at large of things remote As thitherward endeavoring, and upright From use, obscure and subtle ; but to know Stood on my feet: about me round I saw That which before us lies in daily life, Hill, dale, and shady woods, and sunny plains, Is the prime wisdom: what is more, is fume, And liquid lapse of murmuring streams ; by these, Or emptiness, or fond impertinence : Creatures that liv'd and mov'd, and walkd, or flew; And renders us, in things that most concern, Birds on the branches warbling; all things smilid; l'npractis'd, unprepar'd, and still to seek. With fragrance and with joy my heart o'erflow'd. Therefore from this high pitch let us descend Myself I then perus’d, and limb by limb A lower flight, and speak of things at hand Survey'd, and sometimes went, and sometimes ran Useful; whence, haply, mention may arise With supple joints, as lively vigor led : Of something not unseasonable to ask, But who I was, or where, or from what cause, By sufferance, and thy wonted favor deign'd. Knew not; to speak I tried, and forth with spake; Thee I have heard relating what was done My tongue obey'd, and readily could name Ere my remembrance : now, hear me relate Whate'er I saw. • Thou Sun,' said I, “fair light, My story, which perhaps thou hast not heard ; And thou enlighten'd Earth, so fresh and gay, And day is not yet spent : till then thou seest Ye hills, and dales, ye rivers, woods, and plains, How subtly to detain thee I devise ; And ye that live and move, fair creatures, tell, Inviting thee to hear while I relate; Tell, if ye saw, how I came thus, how here ?Fond, were it not in hope of thy reply: Not of myself;— by some great Maker.then, Tell me, how may I know him, how adore, Than fruits of palm-tree pleasantest to thirst From whom I have that thus I move and live, And hunger both, from labor at the hour And feel that I am happier than I know.' Of sweet repast; they satiate, and soon fill, While thus I callid, and stray'd I knew not whither, Though pleasant; but thy words, with grace divine From where I first drew air, and first beheld Imbued, bring to their sweetness no satiety.” This happy light; when answer none return'd, To whom thus Raphael answer'd heavenly meek. On a green shady bank, profuse of flowers, * Nor are thy lips ungraceful, sire of men, Pensive I sat me down ; there gentle sleep Nor tongue ineloquent; for God on thee First found me, and with soft oppression seiz'd Abundantly his gifts hath also pour'd My drowsed sense, untroubled, though I thought Inward and outward both, his image fair : I then was passing to my former state My fancy to believe I yet had being, And liv'd: one came, methought, of shape divine, For God, we see, bath honor'd thee, and set And said, “Thy mansion wants thee, Adam; rise, On Man his equal love : say therefore on; First man, of men innumerable ordain'd For I that day was absent, as befell, First father! call’d by thee, I come thy guide Bound on a voyage uncouth and obscure, To the Garden of Bliss, thy seat prepar'd.' H A woody mountain ; whose high top was plain, Their language and their ways? They also know, And humble deprecation, thus replied. My Maker, be propitious while I speak. Among unequals what [I am,' Which must be mutual, in proportion due Cannot well suit with either, but soon prove Tedious alike: of fellowship I speak To till and keep, and of the fruit to eat: Such as I seek, fit to participate Of every tree that in the garden grows All rational delight: wherein the brute Eat freely with glad heart; fear here no dearth : Cannot be human consort: they rejoice But of the tree whose operation brings Each with their kind, lion with lioness; Knowledge of good and ill, which I have set So fitly them in pairs thou hast combin'd: The pledge of thy obedience and thy faith, Much less can bird with beast, or fish with fowl Amid the garden by the tree of life, So well converse, nor with the ox the ape; Remember what I warn thee, shun to taste, Worse then can man with beast, and least of all.' And shun the bitter consequence: for know, "Whereto the Almighty answer'd, not displeas'd. The day thou eat'st thereof, my sole command • A nice and subtle happiness, I see, Transgress’d, inevitably thou shalt die, Thou to thyself proposest, in the choice From that day mortal; and this happy state Of thy associates, Adam; and wilt taste Shalt lose, expell'd from hence into a world No pleasure, though in pleasure, solitary. Of woe and sorrow.' Sternly he propounced What think'st thou then of me, and this my state! The rigid interdiction, which resounds Seem I to thee sufficiently possess d Yet dreadful in mine ear, though in my choice Of happiness, or not? who am alone Not to incur; but soon his clear aspect From all eternity; for none I know Return’d, and gracious purpose thus renew'd. Second to me or like, equal much less. * Not only these fair bounds, but all the Earth How have I then with whom to hold converse, To thee and to thy race I give; as lords Save with the creatures which I made, and those Possess it, and all things that therein live, To me inferior, infinite descents Or live in sea, or air; beast, fish, and fowl. Beneath what other creatures are to thee ? In sign whereof, each bird and beast behold He ceas'd; I lowly answer’d. • To attain After their kinds; I bring them to receive The height and depth of thy eternal ways From thee their names, and pay thee feälty All human thoughts come short, Supreme of things! With low subjection; understand the same Thou in thyself art perfect, and in thee Of fish within their watery residence, Is no deficience found : not so is Man. Not hither summon'd, since they cannot change But in degree; the cause of his desire Their element, to draw the thinner air.' By conversation with his like to help, As thus he spake, each bird and beast behold Or solace his defects. No need that thon Approaching two and two; these cowering low Shouldst propagate, already infinite; With blandishment; each bird stoop'd on his wing. And through all numbers absolute, though one : I nam'd them as they pass'd, and understood But Man by number is to manifest Their nature, with such knowledge God endued His single imperfection, and beget My sudden apprehension : but in these Like of his like, his image multiplied, I found not what methought I wanted still ; In unity defective; which requires And to the heavenly vision thus presum'd. Collateral love, and dearest amity. “O, by what name, for thou above all these, Thou in thy secrecy although alone, Above mankind, or aught than mankind higher, Best with thyself accompanied, seek'st not Surpassest far my naming ; how may I Social communication ; yet, so pleas'd, Adore thee, Author of this universe, Canst raise thy creature to what height thou wilt And all this good to Man? for whose well-being Of union or communion, deified : So amply, and with hands so liberal, I, by conversing, cannot these erect Thou hast provided all things: but with me From prone; nor in their ways complacence find.' I see not who partakes. In solitude Thus I embolden'd spake, and freedom us’d What happiness, who can enjoy alone, Permissive, and acceptance found ; which gain'd Or, all enjoying, what contentment find ? This answer from the gracious voice divine. Thus I presumptuous; and the vision bright, “ • Thus far to try thee, Adam, I was pleas'd; As with a smile more brighten'd, thus replied. And find thee knowing, not of beasts alone, * * What call'st thou solitude ? Is not the Earth Which thou hast rightly nam’d, but of thyself; With various living creatures, and the air Expressing well the spirit within thee free, Replenish'd, and all these at thy command My image, not imparted to the brute : Good reason was thou freely shouldst dislike; And happy constellations, on that hour Gave sign of gratulation, and each hill; Whisper'd it to the woods, and from their wings Sung spousal, and bid haste the evening-star Thy wish exactly to thy heart's desire.' On his hill-top, to light the bridal lamp. He ended, or I heard no more; for now Thus have I told thee all my state, and brought My earthly by his heavenly overpower'd, My story to the sum of earthly bliss, Which it had long stood under, strain'd to the height Which I enjoy; and must confess to find In that celestial colloquy sublime, In all things else delight indeed, but such As with an object that excels the sense, As, us'd or not, works in the mind no change Dazzled and spent, sunk down, and sought repair Nor vehement desire : these delicacies Of sleep, which instantly fell on me, call'd I mean of taste, sight, smell, herbs, fruits, and flowers, By Nature as in aid, and clos'd mine eyes. Walks, and the melody of birds : but here Mine eyes he closd, but open left the cell Far otherwise, transported I behold, Of fancy, my internal sight; by which, Transported touch; here passion first I felt, Abstract as in a trance, methought I saw, Commotion strange! in all enjoyments else Though sleeping, where I lay, and saw the shape Superior and unmov’d; here only weak Still glorious before whom awake I stood : Against the charm of beauty's powerful glance. Who stooping open'd my left side, and took Or nature fail'd in me, and left some part From thence a rib, with cordial spirits warm, Not proof enough such object to sustain ; And lise-blood streaming fresh: wide was the wound, Or, from my side subducting, took perhaps But suddenly with flesh fill'd up and heald: More than enough; at least on her bestow'd The rib he form'd and fashion'd with his hands : Too much of ornament, in outward show Under his forming hands a creature grew, Elaborate, of inward less exact. Man-like, but different sex ; so lovely fair, For well I understand in the prime end That what seem'd fair in all the world, seem'd now Of Nature her the inferior, in the mind Mean, or in her summ'd up, in her contain'd, And inward faculties, which most excel; And in her looks; which from that time infus'd In outward also her resembling less Sweetness into my heart, unfelt before, His image who made both, and less expressing And into all things from her air inspir'd The character of that dominion given O'er other creatures: yet when I approach And in herself complete, so well to know Her own, that what she wills to do or say When out of hope, behold her, not far off, Seems wisest, virtuousest, discreetest, best : Such as I saw her in my dream, adorn'd All higher knowledge in her presence falls Loses discountenanc'd, and like Folly shows; As one intended first, not after made Occasionally; and, to consummate all, Build in her loveliest, and create an awe About her, as a guard angelic plac’d.” Do thou but thine; and be not diffident Of Wisdom; she deserts thee not, if thou Pone of my bone, flesh of my flesh, myself Dismiss not her, when most thou need'st her nigh, Before me: woman is her name; of man By attributing over-much to things Ertracted : for this cause he shall forego Less excellent, as thou thyself perceiv’st. Father and mother, and to his wife adhere; For, what admir’st thou, what transports thee so, And they shall be one flesh, one heart, one soul.' An outside? fair, no doubt, and worthy well " She heard me thus; and though divinely brought, Thy cherishing, thy honoring, and thy love; Yet innocence, and virgin modesty, Not thy subjection; weigh with her thyself; Her virtue, and the conscience of her worth, Then value: oft-times nothing profits more That would be woo'd, and not unsought be won, Than self-esteem, grounded on just and right Not obvious, not obtrusive, but, retir'd, Well-manag’d; of that skill the more thou know'st, The more desirable; or, to say all The more she will acknowledge thee her head, Nature herself, though pure of sinful thought, And to realities yield all her shows : Wrought in her so, that, seeing me, she turn'd: Made so adorn for thy delight the more, I followed her; she what was honor knew, So awful, that with honor thou may’st love And with obsequious majesty approv'd Thy mate, who sees when thou art seen least wise. My pleaded reason. To the nuptial bower But if the sense of touch, whereby mankind I led her blushing like the morn: all Heaven, Is propagated, seem such dear delight Beyond all other; think the same vouchsaf'd With grateful memory: thou to mankind From the thick shade, and Adam to his bower. BOOK IX. In loving thou dost well, in passion not, THE ARGUMENT. Wherein true love consists not: Love refines The thoughts, and heart enlarges; hath his seat Satan, having compassed the Earth, with meditated In reason, and is judicious; is the scale guile returns, as a mist, by night into Paradise ; By which to heavenly love thou may'st ascend, enters into the serpent sleeping. Adam and Eve Not sunk in carnal pleasure ; for which cause, in the morning go forth to their labors, which Among the beasts no mate for thee was found.” Eve proposes to divide in several places, each To whom thus, half abash'd, Adam replied. laboring apart : Adam consents not, alleging the “Neither her outside form'd so fair, nor aught danger, lest that enemy, of whom they were In procreation common to all kinds, forewamed, should attempt her found alone : (Though higher of the genial bed by far, Eve, loth to be thought not circumspect or firm And with mysterious reverence I deem,) enough, urges her going apart, the rather desimus So much delights me, as those graceful acts, to make trial of her strength ; Adam at last Those thousand decencies, that daily flow yields : the serpent finds her alone ; his subtle From all her words and actions mix'd with love approach, first gazing, then speaking ; with much And sweet compliance, which declare unfeign'd flattery extolling Eve above all other creatures. Union of mind, or in us both one soul; Eve, wondering to ear the serpent speak, asks Harmony to behold in wedded pair how he attained to human speech, and such unMore grateful than harmonious sound to the ear. derstanding, not till now; the serpent answers, Yet these subject not: I to thee disclose that by tasting of a certain tree in the garden he What inward thence I feel, not therefore foild attained both to speech and reason, till then void Who meet with various objects, from the sense of both: Eve requires him to bring her to that Variously representing: yet, still free, tree, and finds it to be the tree of knowledge Approve the best, and follow what I approve. forbidden: the serpent, now grown bolder, with To love, thou blam’st me not; for Love, thou say'st, many wiles and arguments, induces her at length Leads up to Heaven, is both the way and guide ; to eat; she, pleased with the taste, deliberates a Bear with me then, if lawful what I ask : while whether to impart thereof to Adam or not; Love not the heavenly spirits, and how their love at last brings him of the fruit ; relates what perExpress they? by looks only? or do they mix suaded her to eat thereof: Adam, at first amazed, Irradiance, virtual or immediate touch ?” but perceiving her lost, resolves, through veTo whom the angel, with a smile that glow'd hemence of love, to perish with her: and, exCelestial rosy red, Love's proper hue, tenuating the trespass, eats also of the fruit: the Answered : “ Let it suffice thee that thou know'st effects thereof in them both ; they seek to cover Us happy, and without love no happiness. their nakedness; then fall to variance and acWhatever pure thou in the body enjoy'st, cusation of one another. (And pure thou wert created) we enjoy In eminence; and obstacle find none No more of talk where God or angel guest Of membrane, joint, or limb, exclusive bars; With Man, as with his friend, familiar us'd Easier than air with air, if spirits embrace, To sit indulgent, and with him partake Total they mix, union of pure with pure Rural repast ; permitting him the while Desiring ; nor restrain'd conveyance need, Venial discourse unblam'd. I now must change As flesh to mix with flesh, or soul with soul. Those notes to tragic; foul distrust, and breach But I can now no more; the parting Sun Disloyal on the part of Man, revolt Now alienated, distance and distaste, That brought into this world a world of woe, Thrice fugitive about Troy wall; or rage Or Neptune's ire, or Juno's, that so long Perplex'd the Greek, and Cytherea's son ; And all temptation to transgress repel.” If answerable style I can obtain So saying, he arose ; whom Adam thus Of my celestial patroness, who deigns Follow'd with benediction. “Since to part, Her nightly visitation unimplor'd, Go, heavenly guest, ethereal messenger, And dictates to me slumbering; or inspires Sent from whose sovran goodness I adore ! Easy my unpremeditated verse : Since first this subject for heroic song |