Om denne bog
Min samling
Bøger på Google Play
HISTORY OF THE GREEK SCHOOL PHILOSOPHY, WITH
REFERENCE TO PHYSICAL SCIENCE.
CHAPTER I.-PRELUDE TO THE GREEK SCHOOL PHILOSOPHY.
Sect. 1. First Attempts of the Speculative Faculty in Phy-
sical Inquiries
Sect. 2. Primitive Mistake in Greek Physical Philosophy
CHAPTER II.-THE GREEK SCHOOL PHILOSOPHY.
Sect. 1. The general Foundation of the Greek School Phi-
losophy
Sect. 2. The Aristotelian Physical Philosophy
Sect. 3. Technical Forms of the Greek Schools
1.
of the Aristotelian Philosophy.
57
CHAPTER III.-FAILURE OF THE GREEK SCHOOL PHILOSOPHY.
Sect. 1. Result of the Greek School Philosophy
Sect. 2. Cause of the Failure of the Greek Physical Phi-
69
74
Sect. 1. Formation of the Notion of a Year
Sect. 2. Fixation of the Civil Year
126
Sect. 3. Correction of the Civil Year. (Julian Calendar)
Sect. 4. Attempts at the Fixation of the Month
Sect. 5. Invention of Lunisolar Years
Sect. 6. The Constellations
Sect. 7. The Planets
Sect. 8. The Circles of the Sphere
135
138
145
149
153
Sect. 12. Sequel to the Early Stages of Astronomy
CHAPTER II.-PRELUDE TO THE INDUCTIVE EPOCH OF
HIPPARCHUS.
CHAPTER III.-INDUCTIVE EPOCH OF HIPPARCHUS.
Sect. 1. Establishment of the Theory of Epicycles and
167
170
Eccentrics
182
Sect. 2. Estimate of the Value of the Theory of Eccentrics
and Epicycles
Sect 3. Discovery of the Precession of the Equinoxes
CHAPTER IV.-SEQUEL TO THE INDUCTIVE EPOCH OF
Sect. 1. Researches which verified the Theory
Sect. 2. Researches which did not verify the Theory
Sect. 3. Methods of Observation of the Greek Astronomers
Sect. 4. Period from Hipparchus to Ptolemy
Sect. 5. Measures of the Earth
Sect. 6. Ptolemy's Discovery of Evection.
Sect. 7. Conclusion of the History of Greek Astronomy
Sect. 8. Arabian Astronomy
. 203
BOOK IV.
HISTORY OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE IN THE
MIDDLE AGES.
Introduction
251
CHAPTER I.-ON THE INDISTINCTNESS OF IDEAS OF THE
6. Neglect of Physical Reasoning in Christendom
7. Question of Antipodes
8. Intellectual Condition of the Religious Orders
CHAPTER II.-THE COMMENTATORIAL SPIRIT OF THE
PAGE
4. Greek Commentators of Plato and others
291
5. Arabian Commentators of Aristotle
292
CHAPTER III.-OF THE MYSTICISM OF THE MIDDLE
CHAPTER IV.-OF THE DOGMATISM OF THE MIDDLE
AGES.
1. Origin of the Scholastic Philosophy
2. Scholastic Dogmas
3. Scholastic Physics
4. Authority of Aristotle among the Schoolmen
5. Subjects omitted. Civil Law. Medicine
CHAPTER V.-PROGRESS OF THE ARTS IN THE MIDDLE
328
333
341
342
346
CHAPTER II.-Induction of COPERNICUS. THE HELIO-
CENTRIC THEORY ASSERTED ON FORMAL GROUNDS.
375
379
388
CHAPTER III.—SEQUEL TO COPERNICUS.
THE RECEPTION
AND DEVELOPEMENT OF THE COPERNICAN THEORY.
Sect. 1. First Reception of the Copernican Theory
Sect. 2. Diffusion of the Copernican Theory
Sect. 3. The Heliocentric Theory confirmed by Facts.
Galileo's Astronomical Discoveries
401
404
412
Sect. 5. The Heliocentric Theory confirmed on Physical
Considerations. (Prelude to Kepler's Astro-
nomical Discoveries.)
CHAPTER IV.-INDUCTIVE EPOCH OF KEPLER.
418
426
Sect. 1. Intellectual Character of Kepler
432
Sect. 2. Kepler's Discovery of his Third Law
437
Sect. 3. Kepler's Discovery of his First and Second Laws.
Elliptical Theory of the Planets
443
CHAPTER V.-SEQUEL TO THE EPOCH OF KEPLER.
RECEPTION,
VERIFICATION, AND EXTENSION OF THE ELLIPTICAL THEORY.
Sect. 1. Application of the Elliptical Theory to the Planets 453
Sect. 2. Application of the Elliptical Theory to the Moon. 455
Sect. 3. Causes of further Progress of Astronomy.
458