BOTANY (FIRST PAPER). MONDAY, 4TH OCTOBER 1909–9 TO 11 A.M. (Not more than five questions to be attempted. Illustrate your answer by diagrammatic sketches as far as possible.) 1. State reasons for supposing that, now, life comes, only, from antecedent life. 2. Remark on the attitude of Bacteria toward Nitrogen. 3. Discuss the so-called insect-eating plants of Britain. 4. In what environment do you look for Foxglove (Digitalis), Thyme (Thymus), Tormentil (Potentilla), Yellow Flag (Iris). Refer each to its natural order. 5. Describe one of the familiar true grasses. 6. Sketch the leaf, inflorescence, and flower (with diagram), of any wild geranium, or poppy. 7. Outline the distribution of the heathers (Erica and Calluna) in Britain. BOTANY (SECOND PAPER). MONDAY, 4TH OCTOBER 1909–3 to 5 P.M. (Not more than five questions to be attempted. Illustrate your answer by diagrammatic sketches as far as possible.) 1. Account for the blotches on the leaves of the greater Maple (Acer pseudo-platanus). 2. What is signified by night and day flowering? Instance: Lychnis diurna, and vespertina; or any others. 3. Outline any scene you have, lately, visited,—mountain, bog, or moor, and name the characteristic plants. 4. Sketch an elm leaf, also an elm twig, in winter. 5. Define Rudimentary organs. What do they mean? Give an example. 6. Name three wild composites, and state any differences in the mode of dispersal. 7. Illustrate in a general way, from familiar forms, the reaction between a plant and its environment. PRACTICAL BOTANY. TUESDAY, 5TH OCTOBER 1909—(Dundee) 9 a.m., (Four questions to be attempted.) 1. Identify preparation A (T. S. Rose peduncle); give a diagrammatic sketch indicating the various tissues. 2. Mount a T. S. of B (T. S. Acer shoot), draw it in outline, name the parts and state their functions. 3. Classify C (Caryophyllaceae), giving its floral diagram and formula. 4. Set up two experiments to illustrate the effects of light on green plants. 5. Remark on points of interest in any two of specimens D (Ampelopsis), E (Leycesteria), F (Monarda). BOTANY (FIRST PAPER). FRIDAY, 18TH MARCH 1910-12 NOON TO 2 P.M. (Not more than five questions to be attempted. Illustrate your answers by diagrammatic sketches as far as possible.) 1. Distinguish plant from animal, in unicellular forms. 2. Define Metabolism, Anabolism, and Katabolism. out their relation to Protoplasm. 3. Illustrate Symbiosis. 4. Give an account of the plant life of a pond. Point 5. In what order and environment do the wild-flowers of spring appear? Sketch one of them. 6. Describe the winter bud of a tree-horse chestnut, or beech. Indicate the formation of tissue. 7. Remark on the Medullary rays. BOTANY (SECOND PAPER). SATURDAY, 19TH MARCH 1910-12 NOON TO 2 P.M. (Not more than five questions to be attempted. Illustrate your answers by diagrammatic sketches as far as possible.) 1. What do you understand by growth? 2. Point out three main changes in the mode of reproduction, and the environment of each. 3. How far has the sea-wrack (Fucus) advanced beyond the simple cell? 4. Describe the Coniferæ, and indicate, concisely, the special features. 5. Name the plants on the Abbey wall, or other old wall. Indicate any adaptations. 6. Remark on colour, in the leaf, and in the flower. 7. What happens in a deciduous wood in spring? Sketch a woodland flower. PRACTICAL BOTANY. WEDNESDAY, 23RD MARCH 1910-9 A.M. (Any four questions to be attempted.) 1. Demonstrate the nature of the gas-exchange that occurs during energy-release in plants. 2. Make a permanent preparation of A (Ruscus), and supply an illustrative diagram. 3. Classify B (Spiræa). Sketch twice natural size the ovary and its contents. 4. Identify and state the systematic position of C (Pelvetia) and D (Agaricus). 5. Sketch and describe the preparations E (Ulmus), F (Polysiphonia), G (Æcidium), and H (Nephrodium). GEOMETRICAL DRAWING (FIRST PAPER). THURSDAY, 17TH MARCH 1910-10 A.M. TO 12 NOON. (Six questions to be answered.) 1. A building 50 feet long and 25 feet broad is covered by a roof, the rafters of which slope at 30° both at the ends and sides. Draw the elevation and plan, and also the isometric projection of the roof to the scale of th. 2. A four-sided regular pyramid stands on one_corner_with one diagonal of the base at right angles to the V.P., and the base inclined at 30° to the H.P. with the axis parallel to the V.P. Draw the plan and elevation. 3. A pipe, 3 inches inside diameter and 3 inch thick, is bent to a quarter circle bend, the radius to the centre of the bend being 9 inches. The pipe is cut by a plane parallel to one end and 5 inches from the same. Draw the true shape of the section of the pipe. 4. A circle, 2 inches diameter, rolls along a straight line. Draw the curve traced by a point on a radius of the circle inch inside, also by a point inch outside the rolling circle. Name the curves so traced. 5. Draw, full size, a portion of a square-threaded screw, including a complete helix, the pitch being 1 inch and the diameters at the top and bottom of the thread being 4 inches and 3 inches respectively. 6. One end of a link describes a circular path of 1 inch diameter. The other end oscillates along the arc of a circle of 2 inches diameter. The centres of the circles are 2 inches apart, and the link, which crosses the line of centres, is at one instant tangential to both circles. Draw the path of a point at the centre of the link for one revolution of the smaller circle. 7. Three shear-legs have lengths of 50, 60, and 80 feet inclined to each other, in plan at 120°. The height of the vertex above ground level is 40 feet. Draw a plan and elevation of the arrangement. 8. In a valve gear, the displacement of the valve from its central position is given by y={3 sin (0+50°) +4 cos 20 inches where is the crank angle. Draw the curve of displacements on a base of crank angles to a scale 6 inches 360°, and find the crank angle at which the displacement is respectively +2 inches and - inch. 9. A Warren girder, 30 feet span, has three bays in the upper and two in the lower boom, and is loaded on the upper boom by a distributed load amounting to 1 ton per foot run. Determine graphically the force acting along each member of the girder. State the scale to which forces are to be measured. GEOMETRICAL DRAWING (SECOND PAPER). THURSDAY, 17TH MARCH 1910-2 TO 4 P.M. Draw a plan, elevation, and cross section of the cross bending beam of the testing machine, showing the knife-edge supports. Scale, 3 inches=1 foot. EXAMINATION QUESTIONS FOR HONOURS DEGREE OF M.A. HONOURS IN CLASSICS. LATIN (FIRST Paper). TUESDAY, 28TH SEPTEMBER 1909—11.30 a.м. TO 2.30 P.M. FOR LATIN PROSE. The truth is, the gross of men are governed more by appearances than realities; and the impudent man in his air and behaviour undertakes for himself that he has ability and merit, while the modest or diffident gives himself up as one who is possessed of neither. For this reason, men of front carry things before them with little opposition; and make so skilful a use of their talent, that they can grow out of humour like men of consequence, and be sour, and make their dissatisfaction do them the same service as desert. This way of thinking has often furnished me with an apology for great men who confer favours on the impudent. In carrying on the government of mankind, they are not to consider what men they themselves approve in their closets and private conversations; but what men will extend themselves farthest, and more generally pass |