and it is the most convenient for the subsequent movements, whether of extension or flexion, as being the intermediate stage between both. And this is the position in which the patient can most conveniently carry or suspend his arm in a sling. And besides, if the joint is to be stiffened by callus, it were better that this should not take place when the arm is extended, for this position will be a great impediment and little advantage; if the arm be wholly bent, it will be more useful; but it will be much more convenient to have the joint in the intermediate position when it becomes ankylosed. So much with regard to position.'

48. In bandaging, the head of the first bandage should be placed at the seat of the injury, whether it be a case of fracture, of dislocation, or of diastasis (separation ?), and the first turns should be made there, and the bandages should be applied most firmly at that place, and less so on either side. The bandaging should comprehend both the arm and the fore-arm, and on both should be to a much greater extent than most physicians apply it, so that the swelling may be expelled from the seat of the injury to either side. And the point of the fore-arm should be comprehended in the bandaging," whether the injury be in that place or not, in order that the swelling may not collect there. In applying bandages, we must avoid as much as possible accumulating many turns of the bandage at the bend of the arm. For the principal compression should be at the seat of the injury, and the same rules are to be observed, and at the same periods, with regard to compression and relaxation, as formerly described respecting the treatment of broken bones; and the bandages should be renewed every third day; and they should appear loose on the third day, And splints should be applied at the proper time (for there is nothing unsuitable in them, whether the bones be fractured or not, provided there is no fever); they should be particularly loose, whether applied to the arm or the fore-arm, but they must not be thick. It is navessary that they should be of unequal size, and that the one should vide over the other, whenever from the flexion it is judged proper. And the armiicaton of the compresses should be regulated in the same manner * ben saol with ngand to the splints and they should be put on newhat more bulky form at the seat of the injury. The periods tal from the mammation, and fr that has been writ

as in the other case.

ON

ON THE ARTICULATIONS.

THE ARGUMENT.

THE author commences the work with an elaborate dissertation on dislocations at the shoulder-joint, of which he decidedly recognizes only one form, namely, dislocation downward, or into the armpit, but he does not positively deny the possibility of dislocations upward, outward, and forward, only he states that he had never met with any instance of them. He concludes § 1 with some general remarks on this accident. He then describes various modes of reduction:-with the hand, § 2;-with the heel, § 3; with the shoulder introduced into the patient's armpit, § 4;—with a pestle or pole introduced into the armpit, § 5;-with a ladder, § 6;-or with the machine called the ambe, § 7. In § 8 are contained some remarks on the general subject of luxations, in which place mention is made of the occurrence of this accident in cattle when in a lean condition. In § 8 the after-treatment is accurately laid down. In § 10 some very important and acute remarks are made on the method of avoiding mistakes in treating these dislocations; and in § 11 the surgical treatment in cases which show a great tendency to relapse is minutely treated of. The consequent effects on the limb when the reduction is not accomplished are circumstantially described in § 12.

In § 13 is given a description of abruption of the acromion, by which is probably meant dislocation of the clavicle from the acromion, complicated, perhaps, with fracture of the latter.

The subject of fracture of the clavicle is next taken up, and it is treated of through §§ 14, 15, 16, where everything relating to the symptoms and treatment of this accident is given with remarkable precision.

The subject of luxations and subluxations at the elbow, which had been treated of in the work "On Fractures," is here resumed, and is fully discussed in §§ 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25.

28.

Luxations at the wrist, and their consequences, are given in §§ 26, 27,

Luxations of the fingers are briefly treated of in § 29.

Luxations of the lower jaw, with all their varieties and consequences, are described in §§ 30, 31.

Fracture of the same, without displacements, is given in § 32, and